A Systematic Review of the Psychosocial Impact of Endometriosis before and after Treatment.

While endometriosis is a common gynecologic disease associated with infertility, the psychosocial impact of endometriosis has not been evaluated against various quality of life (QoL) instruments and compared with other chronic illnesses. We rigorously analyzed the psychosocial burden of endometriosis in adult women and compared standardized and validated QoL scores of women with and without endometriosis, before and following treatment, and against other chronic illnesses. We searched PubMed, PsychINFO Embase, and Cochrane Reviews and ClinicalTrials.

The Chief Residency in U.S. and Canadian Graduate Medical Education: A Scoping Review.

Phenomenon: Despite the nearly universal presence of chief residents within U.S. and Canadian residency programs and their critical importance in graduate medical education, to our knowledge, a comprehensive synthesis of publications about chief residency does not exist.

The impact of fibroid treatments on quality of life and mental health: a systematic review.

Fibroids significantly impact the quality of life (QOL) and mental health of affected women. However, there are limited comparative data on QOL measures after medical, surgical, and radiologic interventions in women with fibroids. This study aimed to assess the current literature evaluating the impact of fibroids on QOL measures using several validated questionnaires for radiologic, medical, or surgical interventions or a combination of interventions before and after treatment.

Pathologic polyglutamine aggregation begins with a self-poisoning polymer crystal.

A long-standing goal of amyloid research has been to characterize the structural basis of the rate-determining nucleating event. However, the ephemeral nature of nucleation has made this goal unachievable with existing biochemistry, structural biology, and computational approaches. Here, we addressed that limitation for polyglutamine (polyQ), a polypeptide sequence that causes Huntington's and other amyloid-associated neurodegenerative diseases when its length exceeds a characteristic threshold.

Pathologic polyglutamine aggregation begins with a self-poisoning polymer crystal.

A long-standing goal of amyloid research has been to characterize the structural basis of the rate-determining nucleating event. However, the ephemeral nature of nucleation has made this goal unachievable with existing biochemistry, structural biology, and computational approaches. Here, we addressed that limitation for polyglutamine (polyQ), a polypeptide sequence that causes Huntington's and other amyloid-associated neurodegenerative diseases when its length exceeds a characteristic threshold.

2023 American Society of Anesthesiologists Practice Guidelines for Preoperative Fasting: Carbohydrate-containing Clear Liquids with or without Protein, Chewing Gum, and Pediatric Fasting Duration-A Modular Update of the 2017 American Society of Anesthesiologists Practice Guidelines for Preoperative Fasting.

These practice guidelines are a modular update of the "Practice guidelines for preoperative fasting and the use of pharmacologic agents to reduce the risk of pulmonary aspiration: Application to healthy patients undergoing elective procedures." The guidance focuses on topics not addressed in the previous guideline: ingestion of carbohydrate-containing clear liquids with or without protein, chewing gum, and pediatric fasting duration.

2023 American Society of Anesthesiologists Practice Guidelines for Monitoring and Antagonism of Neuromuscular Blockade: A Report by the American Society of Anesthesiologists Task Force on Neuromuscular Blockade.

These practice guidelines provide evidence-based recommendations on the management of neuromuscular monitoring and antagonism of neuromuscular blocking agents during and after general anesthesia. The guidance focuses primarily on the type and site of monitoring and the process of antagonizing neuromuscular blockade to reduce residual neuromuscular blockade.

An anti-inflammatory activation sequence governs macrophage transcriptional dynamics during tissue injury in zebrafish.

Macrophages are essential for tissue repair and regeneration. Yet, the molecular programs, as well as the timing of their activation during and after tissue injury are poorly defined. Using a high spatio-temporal resolution single cell analysis of macrophages coupled with live imaging after sensory hair cell death in zebrafish, we find that the same population of macrophages transitions through a sequence of three major anti-inflammatory activation states.

[Is the number of psychotherapy sessions for patients with depression associated with the severity of the disease?].

Objective: This study investigated how the number of sessions for outpatient psychodynamic psychotherapy among patients with depressive disorders is associated with the severity of the disease.

Methods: From a random sample of 1000 applications for reimbursement of outpatient psychodynamic psychotherapy, we selected those in which a diagnosis of depression with a severity rating (ICD-10 F32 or F33) was coded. The association of levels of depression severity (mild, moderate, and severe) with the number of sessions requested and the number of sessions endorsed by the reviewer was investigated using Spearman's rank correlation.

Examining post-donation outcomes in Hispanic/Latinx living kidney donors in the United States: A systematic review.

We conducted a systematic review to assess outcomes in Hispanic donors and explore how Hispanic ethnicity was characterized. We searched PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus through October 2021. Two reviewers independently screened study titles, abstracts, and full texts; they also qualitatively synthesized results and independently assessed quality of included studies.

A Framework to Identify Antigen-Expanded T Cell Receptor Clusters Within Complex Repertoires.

Common approaches for monitoring T cell responses are limited in their multiplexity and sensitivity. In contrast, deep sequencing of the T Cell Receptor (TCR) repertoire provides a global view that is limited only in terms of theoretical sensitivity due to the depth of available sampling; however, the assignment of antigen specificities within TCR repertoires has become a bottleneck. This study combines antigen-driven expansion, deep TCR sequencing, and a novel analysis framework to show that homologous 'Clusters of Expanded TCRs (CETs)' can be confidently identified without cell isolation, and assigned to antigen against a background of non-specific clones.

A Systematic Review of Minimally Invasive Treatments for Uterine Fibroid-Related Bleeding.

Newer minimally invasive techniques provide treatment options for symptomatic uterine fibroids while allowing uterus preservation. The objective of this review was to analyze the efficacy of uterine-preserving, minimally invasive treatment modalities in reducing fibroid-related bleeding. A comprehensive search was conducted of PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, ClinicalTrials.

Erythroid mitochondrial retention triggers myeloid-dependent type I interferon in human SLE.

Emerging evidence supports that mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) pathogenesis. Here we show that programmed mitochondrial removal, a hallmark of mammalian erythropoiesis, is defective in SLE. Specifically, we demonstrate that during human erythroid cell maturation, a hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-mediated metabolic switch is responsible for the activation of the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), which precedes and is necessary for the autophagic removal of mitochondria.

Impact of frailty in benign gynecologic surgery: a systematic review.

Introduction And Hypothesis: Frailty has been associated with increased risks of perioperative complications. This systematic review explores the associations between preoperative frailty and perioperative complications in benign gynecologic surgery.

Methods: A comprehensive, systematic literature search was conducted using the PubMed interface for Medline, Embase, and Scopus databases through August 12, 2020.

Male Sex Is Associated With Worse Microbiological and Clinical Outcomes Following Tuberculosis Treatment: A Retrospective Cohort Study, a Systematic Review of the Literature, and Meta-analysis.

Background: Although the incidence of tuberculosis is higher in men than in women, the relationship of sex with tuberculosis treatment outcomes has not been adequately studied.

Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study and a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies during the last 10 years to assess sex differences in clinical and microbiological outcomes in tuberculosis.

Results: In our cohort of 2894 Taiwanese patients with drug-susceptible pulmonary tuberculosis (1975 male and 919 female), male patients had higher adjusted hazards of 9-month mortality due to all causes (hazard ratio, 1.

Withaferin A inhibits lymphocyte proliferation, dendritic cell maturation in vitro and prolongs islet allograft survival.

The immunosuppressive regimen for clinical allogeneic islet transplantation uses beta cell-toxic compounds such as tacrolimus that cause islet graft loss. Previously we reported that the plant-derived steroidal lactone Withaferin A (WA) can protect islet grafts by inhibiting nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB). Since the NF-κB signaling pathway is essential for T-cell activation, we hypothesized that long-term WA administration may also provide an immunosuppressive effect.

Multiple Niche Compartments Orchestrate Stepwise Germline Stem Cell Progeny Differentiation.

The niche controls stem cell self-renewal and progenitor differentiation for maintaining adult tissue homeostasis in various organisms. However, it remains unclear whether the niche is compartmentalized to control stem cell self-renewal and stepwise progeny differentiation. In the Drosophila ovary, inner germarial sheath (IGS) cells form a niche for controlling germline stem cell (GSC) progeny differentiation.

Systematic Review of Intraoperative Assessment Tools in Minimally Invasive Gynecologic Surgery.

Objective: To collect, summarize, and evaluate the currently available intraoperative rating tools used in abdominal minimally invasive gynecologic surgery (MIGS).

Data Sources: Medline, Embase, and Scopus databases from January 1, 2000, to May 12, 2020.

Methods Of Study Selection: A systematic search strategy was designed and executed.

Glycemic control and diabetic foot ulcer outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.

Objective: To evaluate the association between glycemic control (hemoglobin A1C, fasting glucose, and random glucose) and the outcomes of wound healing and lower extremity amputation (LEA) among patients with diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs).

Research Design And Methods: Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Scopus were searched for observational studies published up to March 2019. Five independent reviewers assessed in duplicate the eligibility of each study based on predefined eligibility criteria and two independent reviewers assessed risk of bias.

A systematic review of the psychosocial impact of fibroids before and after treatment.

Objective: Despite the high prevalence of uterine fibroids, the psychosocial impact of fibroids has not been evaluated across different quality of life indicators and compared with other chronic conditions. Here, we rigorously analyzed available evidence pertaining to the psychosocial burden of uterine fibroids in premenopausal women and compared validated quality of life and symptom scores before and after treatment.

Data Sources: We searched PubMed, PsycINFO, ClinicalTrials.

A Population of Navigator Neurons Is Essential for Olfactory Map Formation during the Critical Period.

In the developing brain, heightened plasticity during the critical period enables the proper formation of neural circuits. Here, we identify the "navigator" neurons, a group of perinatally born olfactory sensory neurons, as playing an essential role in establishing the olfactory map during the critical period. The navigator axons project circuitously in the olfactory bulb and traverse multiple glomeruli before terminating in perspective glomeruli.

Lymphocytic Thrombophilic Arteritis: A Review.

Macular lymphocytic arteritis or lymphocytic thrombophilic arteritis (LTA) is a recently described cutaneous arteritis that is characterized by asymptomatic macules and patches of the extremities associated with lymphocytic arteritis at the deep dermal/subcuticular junction for which little information exists on demographics, evaluation, and management. There has been recent debate in the literature whether this disease is a new distinct entity, misdiagnosed cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa (cPAN), or a disease on a spectrum with cPAN. We systematically review the literature on demographic information, medical history, histopathology findings, and treatment management to analyze trends and clarify controversies in characterizations of LTA.

Evidence-Based Guidelines to Eliminate Repetitive Laboratory Testing.

Routine daily laboratory testing of hospitalized patients reflects a wasteful clinical practice that threatens the value of health care. Choosing Wisely initiatives from numerous professional societies have identified repetitive laboratory testing in the face of clinical stability as low value care. Although laboratory expenditure often represents less than 5% of most hospital budgets, the impact is far-reaching given that laboratory tests influence nearly 60% to 70% of all medical decisions.