Meltwater Pulse 1a drowned fringing reefs around Tahiti 15 000 years ago.

Reconstruction of postglacial sea-level rise using reef cores recovered from Tahiti during IODP Expedition 310 showed that the first major acceleration, known as Meltwater Pulse 1a (MWP-1a), was a 12-22 m rise in 340 years starting at 14.65 ka BP. Although it was reported that the pulse did not drown Tahitian reefs, the subsequent discovery of a fringing reef at the base of several cores implies that its timing, magnitude and impact require revision.

Linear breakwater reefs of the greater Caribbean: Classification, distribution & morphology.

Geomorphic differences among Caribbean reefs have long been noted. These differences are considered to reflect the presence of reefs in different stages of development, following an incomplete recovery from rapid deglacial sea-level rise. But the possibility that these reflect real developmental differences caused by variation in wind, wave, and climate regime, has never been fully considered.

The use of artificial substrate units to improve inventories of cryptic crustacean species on Caribbean coral reefs.

Motile cryptofauna inhabiting coral reefs are complex assemblages that utilize the space available among dead coral stands and the surrounding coral rubble substrate. They comprise a group of organisms largely overlooked in biodiversity estimates because they are hard to collect and identify, and their collection causes disturbance that is unsustainable in light of widespread reef degradation. Artificial substrate units (ASUs) provide a better sampling alternative and have the potential to enhance biodiversity estimates.

The role of geomorphic zonation in long-term changes in coral-community structure on a Caribbean fringing reef.

Ecological processes on coral reefs commonly have limited spatial and temporal scales and may not be recorded in their long-term geological history. The widespread degradation of Caribbean coral reefs over the last 40 years therefore provides an opportunity to assess the impact of more significant ecological changes on the geological and geomorphic structure of reefs. Here, we document the changing ecology of communities in a coral reef seascape within the context of its geomorphic zonation.

Faunal mortality associated with massive beaching and decomposition of pelagic Sargassum.

In 2018, the Mexican Caribbean coast received a massive influx of pelagic Sargassum spp. that accumulated and decayed on beaches producing organic decomposition products that made the water turbid and brown. Between May and September of the same year there were several reports of mass mortality of marine biota in this area.

Postglacial fringing-reef to barrier-reef conversion on Tahiti links Darwin's reef types.

In 1842 Charles Darwin claimed that vertical growth on a subsiding foundation caused fringing reefs to transform into barrier reefs then atolls. Yet historically no transition between reef types has been discovered and they are widely considered to develop independently from antecedent foundations during glacio-eustatic sea-level rise. Here we reconstruct reef development from cores recovered by IODP Expedition 310 to Tahiti, and show that a fringing reef retreated upslope during postglacial sea-level rise and transformed into a barrier reef when it encountered a Pleistocene reef-flat platform.

Sensitivity of calcification to thermal stress varies among genera of massive reef-building corals.

Reductions in calcification in reef-building corals occur when thermal conditions are suboptimal, but it is unclear how they vary between genera in response to the same thermal stress event. Using densitometry techniques, we investigate reductions in the calcification rate of massive Porites spp. from the Great Barrier Reef (GBR), and P.

Controls on coral-ground development along the northern Mesoamerican Reef tract.

Coral-grounds are reef communities that colonize rocky substratum but do not form framework or three-dimensional reef structures. To investigate why, we used video transects and underwater photography to determine the composition, structure and status of a coral-ground community located on the edge of a rocky terrace in front of a tourist park, Xcaret, in the northern Mesoamerican Reef tract, Mexico. The community has a relatively low coral, gorgonian and sponge cover (<10%) and high algal cover (>40%).

Rapid sea-level rise and reef back-stepping at the close of the last interglacial highstand.

Widespread evidence of a +4-6-m sea-level highstand during the last interglacial period (Marine Isotope Stage 5e) has led to warnings that modern ice sheets will deteriorate owing to global warming and initiate a rise of similar magnitude by ad 2100 (ref. 1). The rate of this projected rise is based on ice-sheet melting simulations and downplays discoveries of more rapid ice loss.

Asphalt volcanism and chemosynthetic life in the Campeche Knolls, Gulf of Mexico.

In the Campeche Knolls, in the southern Gulf of Mexico, lava-like flows of solidified asphalt cover more than 1 square kilometer of the rim of a dissected salt dome at a depth of 3000 meters below sea level. Chemosynthetic tubeworms and bivalves colonize the sea floor near the asphalt, which chilled and contracted after discharge. The site also includes oil seeps, gas hydrate deposits, locally anoxic sediments, and slabs of authigenic carbonate.

Intracranial hemorrhage and oral anticoagulant treatment.

Objective: To detect risk factors for intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) in patients with long-term oral anticoagulant and to identify clinical or radiological data specific of anticoagulant-related ICH.

Methods And Patients: Three groups of patients were included. Group 1 represents patients who were admitted because of anticoagulant-related ICH between January 1984 and February 1996.

[Pleuropericarditis: early systemic manifestation of an active chronic hepatitis (author's transl)].

A case of relapsing pleuropericarditis is reported in which no etiological factors were found initially, especially in relation to any possible collagen disease. A retrospective review of the clinical, biological, and histological findings, coupled with the nature of the progression of the disease, suggested to the authors that this was the first expression of a systemic disease which later developed signs of Gougerot-Sjögren's syndrome, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, and, three and a half years later, an active chronic hepatitis.

[Clometacine hepatitis. 2 cases (author's transl)].

Two women (aged 72 and 78 years) developed hepatitis due to clometacine. The main laboratory abnormalities were raised transaminases and blood eosinophil count. In one of these cases, in which the initial histological lesions had the appearance of aggressive chronic hepatitis, there was progression to cirrhosis despite the interruption of treatment.

[Bone, joint, spinal and pelvic-spinal localizations of sarcoidosis (apropos of a case)].

Authors report on one case of particularly flourishing and evolutive sarcoidosis that conditioned numerous manifestations among which stand out lesions interesting one hip and one sacro-iliac articulation and also extensive and destructive bone lesions. This case is for them an opportunity for recalling the major facts related with bone lesions and articular manifestations of sarcoidosis and for calling attention on the spinal and pelvic-spinal involvements. The latter, when signs of bone lysis exist, are evocative of a neoplasm.