Immune response against the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in cancer patients after COVID-19 vaccination during the Omicron wave: a prospective study.

Background: Cancer patients often have weakened immune systems, resulting in a lower response to vaccines, especially those receiving immunosuppressive oncological treatment (OT). We aimed to assess the impact of OT on the humoral and T-cell response to the B.1 lineage and Omicron variant following COVID-19 vaccination in patients with solid and hematological neoplasms.

Ibuprofen and Other Arylpropionics: The Relevance in Immediate Hypersensitivity Drug Reactions.

Background: Ibuprofen, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), is the most frequent medication to be involved in hypersensitivity drug reactions (HDRs). Other analgesic/anti-inflammatory drugs in the arylpropionic group are also relevant, albeit to a lesser extent. Ibuprofen is widely consumed by people of all ages, both on medical prescription and over the counter; moreover, it is an organic contaminant of surface waters and foods.

Clavulanic Acid Is a Leading Culprit Beta-Lactam in Immediate Allergic Reactions to Penicillins.

Purpose: Clavulanate, a beta-lactam associated with amoxicillin, is frequently prescribed in patients at all ages. Recent data implicate amoxicillin-clavulanate in up to 80% of beta-lactam allergy cases. We assessed clavulanate's role in inducing allergic reactions to this combination treatment, with a focus on selective immediate reactions.

Relative telomere length impact on mortality of COVID-19: Sex differences.

Increasing age is associated with severity and higher mortality of COVID-19. Telomere shortening is associated with higher risk of infections and may be used to identify those patients who are more likely to die. We evaluated the association between relative telomere length (RTL) and COVID-19 mortality.

Sensitisation to Pollen Allergens in Children and Adolescents of Different Ancestry Born and Living in the Same Area.

Background: Allergy can start at early ages, with genetic and environmental factors contributing to its development.

Aim: The study aimed to describe the pattern of sensitisation and allergy in children and adolescents of Spanish versus Moroccan ancestry but born in the same rural area of Spain.

Methods: Participants were children and adolescents (3-19 years) of Spanish or Moroccan descent, born in Blanca, Murcia (Spain).

Metabolic Profiling at COVID-19 Onset Shows Disease Severity and Sex-Specific Dysregulation.

Background: metabolic changes through SARS-CoV-2 infection has been reported but not fully comprehended. This metabolic dysregulation affects multiple organs during COVID-19 and its early detection can be used as a prognosis marker of severity. Therefore, we aimed to characterize metabolic and cytokine profile at COVID-19 onset and its relationship with disease severity to identify metabolic profiles predicting disease progression.

Allergenic Properties and Molecular Characteristics of PR-1 Proteins.

Only a small fraction of proteins in plants and animals are classified as allergens. The allergenic properties are frequently attributed to certain functional characteristics of the proteins, such as a role in the plant defense against biotic and abiotic stress, to achieve the systematic acquired resistance. In line with this, eight members out of 17 functional pathogenesis-related (PR) protein families have been characterized as allergens.

Plasma miRNA profile at COVID-19 onset predicts severity status and mortality.

Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have a crucial role in regulating immune response against infectious diseases, showing changes early in disease onset and before the detection of the pathogen. Thus, we aimed to analyze the plasma miRNA profile at COVID-19 onset to identify miRNAs as early prognostic biomarkers of severity and survival.

Methods And Results: Plasma miRNome of 96 COVID-19 patients that developed asymptomatic/mild, moderate and severe disease was sequenced together with a group of healthy controls.

Allergies and COVID-19 vaccines: An ENDA/EAACI Position paper.

Background: Anaphylaxis, which is rare, has been reported after COVID-19 vaccination, but its management is not standardized.

Method: Members of the European Network for Drug Allergy and the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology interested in drug allergy participated in an online questionnaire on pre-vaccination screening and management of allergic reactions to COVID-19 vaccines, and literature was analysed.

Results: No death due to anaphylaxis to COVID-19 vaccines has been confirmed in scientific literature.

Validation of a commercial allergen microarray platform for specific immunoglobulin E detection of respiratory and plant food allergens.

Background: As the use of multiplex-specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) detection methods becomes increasingly widespread, proper comparative validation assessments of emerging new platforms are vital.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical and technical performance of a newly introduced microarray platform, Allergy Explorer (ALEX) (MacroArray Diagnostics), in the diagnosis of pollen (cypress, grass, olive), dust mite (Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus), mold (Alternaria alternata), fruit (apple, peach), and nut (walnut, hazelnut and peanut) allergies and to compare it with those of the ImmunoCAP Immuno Solid-phase Allergen Chip (ISAC) 112 microarray and the ImmunoCAP singleplex method (ThermoFisher Scientific).

Methods: We enrolled 153 patients with allergy and 16 controls without atopy.

Skin Testing With Peach Peel Extract IgE to Pru p 3 as a Stronger Predictor of Peach-Induced Anaphylaxis.

The most important peach fruit allergen is Pru p 3, followed by Pru p 1, Pru p 4, and Pru p 7. We aimed to assess their role in subjects with peach fruit-induced allergy (anaphylaxis and OAS) and compare skin prick tests (SPT) vs. specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) for predicting anaphylaxis.

Are Reduced Levels of Coagulation Proteins Upon Admission Linked to COVID-19 Severity and Mortality?

The link between coagulation system disorders and COVID-19 has not yet been fully elucidated. Evaluating the association of non-previously reported coagulation proteins with COVID-19 severity and mortality. Cross-sectional study of 134 COVID-19 patients recruited at admission and classified according to the highest COVID-19 severity reached (asymptomatic/mild, moderate, or severe) and 16 healthy control individuals.

Lack of Major Involvement of Common Gene Polymorphisms in the Risk of Developing Cross-Hypersensitivity to NSAIDs.

Cross-hypersensitivity to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is a relatively common, non-allergic, adverse drug event triggered by two or more chemically unrelated NSAIDs. Current evidence point to COX-1 inhibition as one of the main factors in its etiopathogenesis. Evidence also suggests that the risk is dose-dependent.

Subjects develop tolerance to Pru p 3 but respiratory allergy to Pru p 9: A large study group from a peach exposed population.

Peach tree allergens are present in fruit, pollen, branches, and leaves, and can induce systemic, respiratory, cutaneous, and gastrointestinal symptoms. We studied the capacity of peach fruit/Pru p 1, Pru p 3, Pru p 4, Pru p 7 and peach pollen/Pru p 9 for inducing symptoms following oral or respiratory exposure in a large group of subjects. We included 716 adults (aged 21 to 83 y.

Patterns of response and drugs involved in hypersensitivity reactions to beta-lactams in children.

Background: Beta-lactams generate different allergenic determinants that induce selective or cross-reactive drug hypersensitivity reactions (DHRs). We aimed to identify the drugs involved, the selectivity of the response, the mechanism, and the value of the different diagnostic tests for establishing a diagnosis in children evaluated for DHRs to beta-lactams.

Methods: Prospective study evaluating children aged under 16 years reporting DHRs to beta-lactams.

Classifying cephalosporins: from generation to cross-reactivity.

Purpose Of Review: To review the most recent literature studying the classifications, immunochemistry, and crossreactivity of allergy reactions to cephalosporins.

Recent Findings: Over the last five years, research interest has focused on three areas related to cephalosporin allergy: cross-reactivity among cephalosporins and with other beta-lactams; the incidence of adverse reactions in penicillin allergy patients or in reported penicillin allergy labels; and new cephalosporins structures involved in the immunological recognition.

Summary: Meta-analysis of a substantial number of studies shows that cephalosporins are safer than previously thought.

IgE-Reactivity Pattern of Tomato Seed and Peel Nonspecific Lipid-Transfer Proteins after Gastrointestinal Digestion.

The influence of gastrointestinal digestion on the immunological properties of three different nonspecific lipid-transfer proteins (nsLTPs) described in tomato fruit has been assessed using an system mimicking the stomach and intestine digestion conditions. Tomato peel/pulp nsLTP, Sola l 3, was degraded after digestion, although the immunoglobulin E (IgE) recognition of intact protein and a 10 kDa band were still observed after 30 min of duodenal digestion in the presence of phosphatidylcholine. The tomato seed nsLTP, Sola l 7, showed a higher stability than the other seed allergen, Sola l 6, during digestion.

Spanish Society of Allergology and Clinical Immunology (SEAIC) Vision of Drug Provocation Tests.

The controlled drug provocation test (DPT) is currently considered the gold standard for the diagnosis of drug allergy. Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are an increasingly common presenting complaint in both primary and specialized care. In Spain, ADRs are usually assessed via the allergology department, which rules out immunological mechanisms in up to 90% of cases.