Kinematics and kinetics of dogs walking over increasing heights of cavaletti exercise.

The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of four heights of cavaletti exercise on canine kinematics and kinetics. Eight dogs had kinematics and kinetics data collected whilst completing cavaletti pole exercises at four different heights (floor, mid-metatarsal, hock, and stifle). Dogs had anatomical markers placed on bony landmarks of the fore and hindlimb joints.

3D limb dynamics of flyball dogs turning on different box angles.

There are no regulations for the flyball box angulation, which ranges from 45° to 89°. As such at present, the box turn is deemed to represent the greatest injury risk to competitors. The aim of this study was to understand the influence of box angle on kinematic variables during a flyball turn, by comparing dogs turning on three different angulations of flyball box (45°, 60° and 83°) to allow for recommendations to be made regarding the most appropriate box design in terms of limiting risk of injury across the sport, to increase both wellbeing and safety for competitors.

Prediction models for risk assessment of surgical site infection after spinal surgery: A systematic review.

Background: Spinal surgeries are a common procedure, but there is significant risk of adverse events following these operations. While the rate of adverse events ranges from 8% to 18%, surgical site infections (SSIs) alone occur in between 1% and 4% of spinal surgeries.

Methods: We completed a systematic review addressing factors that contribute to surgical site infection after spinal surgery.

Fidelity of Enhanced Recovery Protocol Implementation With Assessment of Hospital-Specific Materials.

Introduction: Variability in implementation of enhanced recovery protocols (ERPs) often reduces the effects of an intervention on clinical outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate hospital-level implementation fidelity to a pediatric gastrointestinal surgery ERP by assessing site-specific implementation materials.

Methods: This document analysis study operationalized implementation fidelity as adherence to the creation of specified materials at each study site.

Isotropy of Cosmic Rays beyond 10^{20} eV Favors Their Heavy Mass Composition.

We report an estimation of the injected mass composition of ultrahigh energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) at energies higher than 10 EeV. The composition is inferred from an energy-dependent sky distribution of UHECR events observed by the Telescope Array surface detector by comparing it to the Large Scale Structure of the local Universe. In the case of negligible extragalactic magnetic fields (EGMFs), the results are consistent with a relatively heavy injected composition at E∼10  EeV that becomes lighter up to E∼100  EeV, while the composition at E>100  EeV is very heavy.

"So that I can trust them with my body:" How people with low incomes who may become pregnant define and prioritize quality reproductive health care.

Objectives: As part of a larger mixed-methods study to better define equity in access to sexual and reproductive health (SRH) care in Georgia, this analysis sought to understand: (1) how individuals define quality care for their SRH services; and (2) how quality of care is salient in their SRH care-seeking.

Study Design: From January 2019 to February 2020, we conducted life history interviews with individuals with the capacity to become pregnant in suburban areas in Georgia. We analyzed interviews using thematic analysis.

"I probably have access, but I can't afford it": expanding definitions of affordability in access to contraceptive services among people with low income in Georgia, USA.

Background: Disparities in rates of contraceptive use are frequently attributed to unequal access to and affordability of care. There is a need to better understand whether common definitions of affordability that solely relate to cost or to insurance status capture the reality of individuals' lived experiences. We sought to better understand how individuals with low incomes and the capacity for pregnancy conceptualized one domain of contraceptive access-affordability --in terms of health system and individual access and how both shaped contraceptive care-seeking in the US South.

Planning for the forgotten fourth trimester of pregnancy: A parallel group randomized control trial to test a postpartum planning intervention vs. standard prenatal care.

Background: Black and brown birthing people experience persistent disparities in adverse maternal health outcomes, partially due to inadequate perinatal care. The goal of this study is to design and evaluate a patient-centered intervention for obstetric patients with one or more cardiometabolic risk factors for severe maternal morbidity [gestational diabetes, diabetes mellitus, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (chronic hypertension, preeclampsia, eclampsia, or gestational hypertension), or preconception obesity (BMI > 30)] to promote postpartum visit attendance.

Methods: To address identified unmet needs for postpartum support and barriers to postpartum care, we developed 20 thematic postpartum planning modules, each with corresponding patient educational materials, community resources, care coordination protocols, and clinician support tools (decision aids, electronic medical record prompts and fields).

Investigating the Barriers and Facilitators to Using Antiretroviral Therapy among Women Living with HIV in Plateau State, Nigeria.

Background: Women and girls account for more than 50% of the global HIV population. In Nigeria, the proportion of women living with HIV on long-term antiretroviral therapy (ART) has been on the rise. Despite this, little research exists on their experiences regarding antiretroviral therapy use, especially for women living with HIV (WLHIV) in Plateau State, Nigeria.

Person-centered hospital discharge data: Essential existing infrastructure to enhance public health surveillance of maternal substance use disorders in the midst of a national maternal overdose crisis.

Objectives: As crises of drug-related maternal harms escalate, US public health surveillance capacity remains suboptimal for drug-related maternal morbidities. Most state hospital discharge databases (HDDs) are encounter-based, and thus limit ascertainment of morbidities to delivery visits and ignoring those occurring during the 21 months spanning pregnancy and postpartum year. This study analyzes data from a state that curates person-centered HDD to compare patterns of substance use disorder (SUD) diagnoses at delivery vs.

Invasion by threatens long distance migration of Galapagos tortoises.

Invasive alien species are among the most pervasive threats to biodiversity. Invasive species can cause catastrophic reductions in populations of native and endemic species and the collapse of ecosystem function. A second major global conservation concern is the extirpation of large-bodied mobile animals, including long-distance migrants, which often have keystone ecological roles over extensive spatial extents.

Deploying artificial intelligence software in an NHS trust: a how-to guide for clinicians.

Over the past 10 years, artificial intelligence (AI) has become one of the fastest-growing sectors in healthcare. There are now numerous new technologies designed to cut costs and improve diagnoses and treatment pathways. However, there is significant scepticism amongst National Health Service (NHS) staff regarding the usefulness of AI and it's cost to the NHS.

Addressing the Community Resource and Social Service Needs of Families During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Perspectives of Home Visiting Staff and Clients in Georgia.

Introduction: Home visiting programs provide support services to families and their children to promote positive health outcomes. This study sought to describe strategies employed by home visiting programs during the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic to address the community resource and social service needs of home visiting clients in Georgia.

Methods: We conducted a mixed methods study between December 2020 and April 2021 using online surveys and key informant interviews of home visiting staff and clients from 21 program sites.

UK general practice service delivery research priorities: an adapted James Lind Alliance approach.

Background: General practice is in a state of crisis in a number of countries. In the UK, a range of measures have been introduced to address the situation, including innovations such as practice networks, multidisciplinary roles, and digital technologies. However, identifying what still needs fixing could benefit from more evidence, particularly in relation to day-to-day service delivery.

Equipping the healthcare workforce to meet the complex health needs of older people in the community: a skills-led approach.

The shift towards delivering more clinical care in the community not only supports the healthcare system by avoiding unnecessary hospital admissions, but can also improve outcomes, particularly for older people with complex healthcare needs. Therefore, healthcare organisations need to consider how to ensure their workforce has the capabilities required to provide care in accordance with this new model. This article details a project that involved the design and development of a replicable Ageing Well programme of learning to increase knowledge, skills and confidence among registered and unregistered practitioners, underpinned by a 'skills not roles' strategy.

A multi-center prospective study of plant-based nutritional support in adult community-based patients at risk of disease-related malnutrition.

Introduction: There is an emerging need for plant-based, vegan options for patients requiring nutritional support.

Methods: Twenty-four adults at risk of malnutrition (age: 59 years (SD 18); Sex: 18 female, 6 male; BMI: 19.0 kg/m (SD 3.

Four Weeks of Incline Water Treadmill Exercise Can Contribute to Increase Epaxial Muscle Profile in Horses.

Background: Water treadmill (WT) exercise is a popular modality for the training and rehabilitation of horses. However, evidence-based literature regarding the use of WT exercise, particularly using inclines, is lacking.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the effect of recurring inclined WT sessions on equine epaxial muscle development.

Using Artificial Intelligence to Stratify Normal versus Abnormal Chest X-rays: External Validation of a Deep Learning Algorithm at East Kent Hospitals University NHS Foundation Trust.

The chest radiograph (CXR) is the most frequently performed radiological examination worldwide. The increasing volume of CXRs performed in hospitals causes reporting backlogs and increased waiting times for patients, potentially compromising timely clinical intervention and patient safety. Implementing computer-aided detection (CAD) artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms capable of accurate and rapid CXR reporting could help address such limitations.

Diet's Role in Modifying Risk of Alzheimer's Disease: History and Present Understanding.

Diet is an important nonpharmacological risk-modifying factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). The approaches used here to assess diet's role in the risk of AD include multi-country ecological studies, prospective and cross-sectional observational studies, and laboratory studies. Ecological studies have identified fat, meat, and obesity from high-energy diets as important risk factors for AD and reported that AD rates peak about 15-20 years after national dietary changes.

Role of the microbiota in response to and recovery from cancer therapy.

Our understanding of how the microbiota affects the balance between response to and failure of cancer treatment by modulating the tumour microenvironment and systemic immune system has advanced rapidly in recent years. Microbiota-targeting interventions in patients with cancer are an area of intensive investigation. Promisingly, phase I-II clinical trials have shown that interventions such as faecal microbiota transplantation can overcome resistance to immune checkpoint blockade in patients with melanoma, improve therapeutic outcomes in treatment-naive patients and reduce therapy-induced immunotoxicities.