The mediating role of processing speed in the relationship between depressive symptoms and cognitive function in multiple sclerosis.

Introduction: Although disorders of mood and cognition are frequently observed in multiple sclerosis, their relationship remains unclear. We aimed to investigate whether this mood-cognition relationship is mediated by inefficient processing speed, a deficit typically associated with mood symptomatology in the psychiatric literature and a common deficit observed in multiple sclerosis patients.

Method: In this study, comprehensive cognitive data and self-reported mood data were retrospectively analyzed from 349 patients with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis.

Diabetes Mellitus Review.

Diabetes mellitus is a group of physiological dysfunctions characterized by hyperglycemia resulting directly from insulin resistance, inadequate insulin secretion, or excessive glucagon secretion. Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disorder leading to the destruction of pancreatic beta-cells. Type 2 diabetes (T2D), which is much more common, is primarily a problem of progressively impaired glucose regulation due to a combination of dysfunctional pancreatic beta cells and insulin resistance.

Genetic Dissection of ICP-Detected Nutrient Accumulation in the Whole Seed of Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.).

Nutrient transport to grain legume seeds is not well studied and can benefit from modern methods of elemental analysis including spectroscopic techniques. Some cations such as potassium (K) and magnesium (Mg) are needed for plant physiological purposes. Meanwhile, some minerals such as copper (Cu), iron (Fe), molybdenum (Mo), and zinc (Zn) are important micronutrients.

Very Late Reactivation of Retinopathy of Prematurity After Monotherapy With Intravitreal Bevacizumab.

The authors report a case of very late reactivation of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) after bevacizumab monotherapy. A female born at 630 g and 24 weeks received two bilateral treatment of bevacizumab (Avastin; Genentech, South San Francisco, CA) for aggressive posterior ROP (APROP). At 2.

Depressive Symptoms Negatively Impact Montreal Cognitive Assessment Performance: A Memory Clinic Experience.

Objective: The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is a general cognitive screening tool that has shown sensitivity in detecting mild levels of cognitive impairment in various clinical populations. Although mood dysfunction is common in referrals to memory clinics, the influence of mood on the MoCA has to date been largely unexplored.

Method: In this study, we examined the impact of mood dysfunction on the MoCA using a memory clinic sample of individuals with depressive symptoms who did not meet criteria for a neurodegenerative disease.

CONCURRENT SCLERAL BUCKLE AND INTRAVITREAL BEVACIZUMAB FOR ADVANCED RETINOPATHY OF PREMATURITY-RELATED RETINAL DETACHMENT.

Background: The preoperative use of intravitreal bevacizumab in Stage 4 or 5 retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) can reduce vascular endothelial growth factor load and bleeding risk; however, it can induce traction and exacerbate a tractional retinal detachment. Concurrent placement of a scleral buckle may reduce these risks and obviate future vitrectomy.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of eyes treated for Stage 4 and 5 ROP with concurrent intravitreal bevacizumab and scleral buckle was performed.

Identification of an ERECTA gene and its drought adaptation associations with wild and cultivated common bean.

In this research, we cloned and accessed nucleotide diversity in the common bean ERECTA gene which has been implicated in drought tolerance and stomatal patterning. The homologous gene segment was isolated with degenerate primer and was found to be located on Chromosome 1. The gene had at least one paralog on Chromosome 9 and duplicate copies in soybean for each homolog.

Landrace Germplasm for Improving Yield and Abiotic Stress Adaptation.

Plant landraces represent heterogeneous, local adaptations of domesticated species, and thereby provide genetic resources that meet current and new challenges for farming in stressful environments. These local ecotypes can show variable phenology and low-to-moderate edible yield, but are often highly nutritious. The main contributions of landraces to plant breeding have been traits for more efficient nutrient uptake and utilization, as well as useful genes for adaptation to stressful environments such as water stress, salinity, and high temperatures.

Differentially Expressed Genes in Resistant and Susceptible Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Genotypes in Response to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. phaseoli.

Fusarium wilt of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), caused by Fusarium oxysporum Schlechtend.:Fr.

Assessment of genetic diversity and population structure of mung bean (Vigna radiata) germplasm using EST-based and genomic SSR markers.

Mung bean is an important legume crop in tropical and subtropical countries of Asia and has high nutritional and economic value. However the genetic diversity of mung bean is poorly characterized. In this study, our goal was to develop and use microsatellite simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers for germplasm evaluation.

Transcriptome sequencing of mung bean (Vigna radiate L.) genes and the identification of EST-SSR markers.

Mung bean (Vigna radiate (L.) Wilczek) is an important traditional food legume crop, with high economic and nutritional value. It is widely grown in China and other Asian countries.

The Engagement Model for reducing seclusion and restraint: 13 years later.

In 2001, an inpatient psychiatric unit sought to greatly reduce, or even eliminate, the use of seclusion and restraint by initiating the Engagement Model. Despite many changes in management and staff, the model has remained largely intact and effective during the past 13 years. The current article reflects on key clinical interventions and leadership approaches that have helped sustain the culture change undertaken to better serve patients on this unit.

Macular optical coherence tomography in patients with unilateral optic nerve hypoplasia.

Purpose: To characterize the extent and location of macular thinning in patients with unilateral optic nerve hypoplasia (ONH) as compared to the contralateral normal eye.

Methods: The medical records of patients with unilateral ONH who underwent spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) of the macula were retrospectively reviewed. SD-OCT scans were manually segmented by 3 observers in 3 macular regions (superior, central, inferior).

Use of a medication passport in a disabled child seen across many care settings.

Written information for patients about their medicines has demonstrable benefits for their understanding and adherence. In the UK, no single, complete record of medications for individual patients can be guaranteed. Therefore, patients and carers are often relied on to recall the complete medication list, which can be a challenge given multiple and potentially stressful appointments.

White matter microstructure in the executive network associated with aggression in healthy adolescents and young adults.

Predicting which individuals may engage in aggressive behavior is of interest in today's society; however, there is little data on the neural basis of aggression in healthy individuals. Here, we tested whether regional differences in white matter (WM) microstructure were associated with later reports of aggressive tendencies. We recontacted healthy young adults an average of 3 years after they underwent research MRI scans.

Are Age-Related Differences Uniform Across Different Inhibitory Functions?

Objectives: In the current experiment, we examined the relative age-sensitivity of 3 inhibitory functions: access, deletion, and restraint by taking into consideration their underlying control processes: proactive and reactive control.

Methods: The 3 inhibitory functions were measured using a sequential flanker task. Young (age: 18-35, n = 24) and older adults (age: 60-75, n = 25) first memorized a series of 8 animal words in a fixed order.

Genetic and clinical risk prediction model for postoperative atrial fibrillation.

Background: Postoperative atrial fibrillation (PoAF) is common after coronary artery bypass grafting. We previously showed that atrial fibrillation susceptibility single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at the chromosome 4q25 locus are associated with PoAF. Here, we tested the hypothesis that a combined clinical and genetic model incorporating atrial fibrillation risk SNPs would be superior to a clinical-only model.

Influenza treatment with oseltamivir outside of labeled recommendations.

Purpose: Published evidence regarding the use of the antiinfluenza agent oseltamivir outside of the standard dosing recommendations is reviewed.

Summary: Oseltamivir is a neuraminidase inhibitor indicated for the treatment of uncomplicated influenza in patients two weeks of age or older who have been symptomatic for no more than two days; the recommended dosage is 75 mg twice daily by mouth for five days. A literature search identified six studies evaluating the effects of administering oseltamivir 48 hours or more after the onset of influenza symptoms, administering the drug at double the standard dose, or continuing therapy for more than five days.

Oxytocin for frontotemporal dementia: a randomized dose-finding study of safety and tolerability.

Objective: To determine the safety and tolerability of 3 doses of intranasal oxytocin (Syntocinon; Novartis, Bern, Switzerland) administered to patients with frontotemporal dementia (FTD).

Methods: We conducted a randomized, parallel-group, double-blind, placebo-controlled study using a dose-escalation design to test 3 clinically feasible doses of intranasal oxytocin (24, 48, or 72 IU) administered twice daily for 1 week to 23 patients with behavioral variant FTD or semantic dementia (clinicaltrials.gov registration number NCT01386333).

Intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor for choroidal neovascularization in ocular histoplasmosis.

Purpose: To report eight cases of long-term successful treatment of choroidal neovascularization because of ocular histoplasmosis syndrome with intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor agents.

Methods: Retrospective case series. This article reviewed the course of eight eyes in seven patients who underwent intravitreal injection of bevacizumab and/or ranibizumab for treatment of choroidal neovascularization secondary to ocular histoplasmosis syndrome.

The EADC-ADNI Harmonized Protocol for manual hippocampal segmentation on magnetic resonance: evidence of validity.

Background: An international Delphi panel has defined a harmonized protocol (HarP) for the manual segmentation of the hippocampus on MR. The aim of this study is to study the concurrent validity of the HarP toward local protocols, and its major sources of variance.

Methods: Fourteen tracers segmented 10 Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) cases scanned at 1.

BAC-end microsatellites from intra and inter-genic regions of the common bean genome and their correlation with cytogenetic features.

Highly polymorphic markers such as simple sequence repeats (SSRs) or microsatellites are very useful for genetic mapping. In this study novel SSRs were identified in BAC-end sequences (BES) from non-contigged, non-overlapping bacterial artificial clones (BACs) in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.).