Gait-Guard: Turn-aware Freezing of Gait Detection for Non-intrusive Intervention Systems.

Freezing of gait significantly reduces the quality of life for Parkinson's disease patients by increasing the risk of injurious falls and reducing mobility. Real-time intervention mechanisms promise relief from these symptoms, but require accurate real-time, portable freezing of gait detection systems to be effective. Current real-time detection systems have unacceptable false positive freezing of gait identification rates to be adopted by the patients for real-world use.

Determination of optimal vibration dose to treat Parkinson's disease gait symptoms: A clinical trial.

Introduction: Most people with Parkinson's disease (PD) will experience gait problems. Previous studies demonstrated improved gait and balance after vibration stimulation was applied to the feet of PD patients. However, not all study participants showed improvement, perhaps due to sub-optimal vibration stimulus.

IMU Sensing Data-based Kinetic Tremor Detection in Parkinson's Disease Patients.

Tremor is a common symptom among Parkinson's disease (PD) patients at all stages. To measure tremor, we utilized IMU sensing data from the wrists while PD patients were drawing. With 30 patients' IMU sensing data obtained from standard tremor rating scale activities, we conducted data analysis for identifying any tremor episodes and extracting tremor amplitude.

Parkinson's Disease Action Tremor Detection with Supervised-Leaning Models.

People with Parkinson's Disease (PD) have multiple symptoms, such as freezing of gait (FoG), hand tremors, speech difficulties, and balance issues, in different stages of the disease. Among these symptoms, hand tremors are present across all stages of the disease. PD hand tremors have critical consequences and negatively impact the quality of PD patients' everyday lives.

FoG-Finder: Real-time Freezing of Gait Detection and Treatment.

Freezing of gait is a serious symptom of Parkinson's disease that increases the risk of injury through falling, and reduces quality of life. Current clinical freezing of gait treatments fail to adequately address the fall risk posed by freezing of gait symptoms, and current real-time treatment systems have high false positive rates. To address this problem, we designed a closed-loop, non-intrusive, and real-time freezing of gait detection and treatment system, FoG-Finder, that automatically detects and treats freezing of gait.

Poster: Kinetic Tremor Measurement via IMU Sensing Data Analysis.

Tremor is a common symptom among all stages of Parkinson's Disease (PD) patients. To measure daily tremor events, we utilized IMU sensing data from wrists while PD patients were drawing. We secured 30 patients' IMU sensing data, following standard rating scale activities.

Long-read sequencing reveals genomic diversity and associated plasmid movement of carbapenemase-producing bacteria in a UK hospital over 6 years.

Healthcare-associated infections (HCAIs) affect the most vulnerable people in society and are increasingly difficult to treat in the face of mounting antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Routine surveillance represents an effective way of understanding the circulation and burden of bacterial resistance and transmission in hospital settings. Here, we used whole-genome sequencing (WGS) to retrospectively analyse carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacteria from a single hospital in the UK over 6 years (=165).

The evolution and international spread of extensively drug resistant Shigella sonnei.

Shigella sonnei causes shigellosis, a severe gastrointestinal illness that is sexually transmissible among men who have sex with men (MSM). Multidrug resistance in S. sonnei is common including against World Health Organisation recommended treatment options, azithromycin, and ciprofloxacin.

Evidence of widespread endemic populations of highly multidrug resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in hospital settings in Hanoi, Vietnam: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Patients with prolonged hospitalisation have a significant risk of carriage of and subsequent infection with extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing and carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae. However, the distinctive roles of the community and hospital environments in the transmission of ESBL-producing or carbapenemase-producing K pneumoniae remain elusive. We aimed to investigate the prevalence and transmission of K pneumoniae within and between the two tertiary hospitals in Hanoi, Viet Nam, using whole-genome sequencing.

Genomes of Vibrio cholerae O1 Serotype Ogawa Associated with Current Cholera Activity in Pakistan.

Here, this report presents two genomes of Vibrio cholerae O1 serotype Ogawa, recovered from cholera cases in Australia linked to travel to Pakistan in 2022. Their multidrug-resistant genotype represents the current activity of cholera within the seventh pandemic. One of the genome sequences was assembled using both short- and long-read sequences.

Sequence-Based Identification of Metronidazole-Resistant Clostridioides difficile Isolates.

The plasmid pCD-METRO confers metronidazole resistance in Clostridioides difficile. We showed high sequence similarity among pCD-METRO plasmids from different isolates and identified pCD-METRO and associated metronidazole-resistant isolates in clinical and veterinary reservoirs in the Americas. We recommend using PCR or genomic assays to detect pCD-METRO in metronidazole-resistant C.

Guiding the design of SARS-CoV-2 genomic surveillance by estimating the resolution of outbreak detection.

Genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 has been essential to inform public health response to outbreaks. The high incidence of infection has resulted in a smaller proportion of cases undergoing whole genome sequencing due to finite resources. We present a framework for estimating the impact of reduced depths of genomic surveillance on the resolution of outbreaks, based on a clustering approach using pairwise genetic and temporal distances.

Dialysis Water Supply Faucet as Reservoir for Carbapenemase-Producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

During June 2017-November 2019, a total 36 patients with carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa harboring Verona-integron-encoded metallo-β-lactamase were identified in a city in western Texas, USA. A faucet contaminated with the organism, identified through environmental sampling, in a specialty care room was the likely source for infection in a subset of patients.

Contrasting long-term dynamics of antimicrobial resistance and virulence plasmids in Typhimurium from animals.

Plasmids are mobile elements that can carry genes encoding traits of clinical concern, including antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and virulence. Population-level studies of , including and , indicate that plasmids are important drivers of lineage expansions and dissemination of AMR genes. Typhimurium is the second most common cause of salmonellosis in humans and livestock in the UK and Europe.

A tale of two plasmids: contributions of plasmid associated phenotypes to epidemiological success among .

Dissemination of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes by horizontal gene transfer (HGT) mediated through plasmids is a major global concern. Genomic epidemiology studies have shown varying success of different AMR plasmids during outbreaks, but the underlying reasons for these differences are unclear. Here, we investigated two plasmids (pKSR100 and pAPR100) that circulated in the same transmission network but had starkly contrasting epidemiological outcomes to identify plasmid features that may have contributed to the differences.

New alleles of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex gene .

SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complexes regulate many aspects of metazoan development and mutations in SWI/SNF genes are associated with diverse human diseases including cancer and alcohol use disorder. In SWI/SNF subunits are required for viability, somatic gonad development, and normal behavioral responses to ethanol. SWI/SNF complexes can be classified as BAF (BRG1/Brm-associated factors) or PBAF (Polybromo-associated BAF) based on their subunit composition.

Fine-Scale Reconstruction of the Evolution of FII-33 Multidrug Resistance Plasmids Enables High-Resolution Genomic Surveillance.

We examined 185 complete, publicly available FII-33 plasmid sequences, characterizing their backbone and various insertions. The variable characteristic insertions facilitated evolutionary reconstruction for this plasmid group, beginning with the acquisition of a primary resistance region (PRR) over 10 years ago. FII-33 plasmids have evolved by acquiring additional resistance genes in the PRR via translocatable elements and by forming cointegrates with plasmids of other types.

Exploring bacterial diversity via a curated and searchable snapshot of archived DNA sequences.

The open sharing of genomic data provides an incredibly rich resource for the study of bacterial evolution and function and even anthropogenic activities such as the widespread use of antimicrobials. However, these data consist of genomes assembled with different tools and levels of quality checking, and of large volumes of completely unprocessed raw sequence data. In both cases, considerable computational effort is required before biological questions can be addressed.

Defining nosocomial transmission of and antimicrobial resistance genes: a genomic surveillance study.

Background: is a leading cause of bloodstream infections. Developing interventions to reduce infections requires an understanding of the frequency of nosocomial transmission, but the available evidence is scarce. We aimed to detect and characterise transmission of and associated plasmids in a hospital setting.

and genes are not uniformly distributed amongst diverse .

Members of the bacterial genus utilize chitin both as a metabolic substrate and a signal to activate natural competence. is a bacterial enteric pathogen, sub-lineages of which can cause pandemic cholera. However, the chitin metabolic pathway in has been dissected using only a limited number of laboratory strains of this species.