Incidence and Treatment of Arginine Vasopressin Deficiency (Central Diabetes Insipidus) in the Setting of Brain Death and Associations with Renal Function and Hemodynamics in Organ Donors.

: Arginine vasopressin deficiency (AVP-D) is a common condition in the setting of brain death. The aim of this study was to analyze the frequency of AVP-D in organ donors, its treatment, as well as the impact of AVP-D on hemodynamics and renal function. : This single-center, retrospective study included 63 organ donors treated between 2017 and 2022.

Comparison of 2 Different Types of Arterial and Biliary Anastomoses While Preserving the Gastroduodenal Artery: A Retrospective Study.

Objective: Here we investigated 2 different arterial reconstruction procedures with preservation of the gastroduodenal artery (GDA) in orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT).

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted. The clinicopathological data of 40 pairs of donors and recipients who underwent OLT from May 2018 to August 2023 were analyzed.

Suppression of Hepatocyte Ferroptosis via USP19-Mediated Deubiquitination of SLC7A11 in Ischemia-Free Liver Transplantation.

Ischemia-free liver transplantation (IFLT) is developed as a novel clinical approach to avoid ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). This study aims to identify the most distinguished programmed cell death pathway in grafts undergoing IFLT versus conventional liver transplantation (CLT) and to explore the underlying mechanism. Ferroptosis is the most distinct programmed cell death form between IFLT and CLT grafts.

Liver protects neuron viability and electrocortical activity in post-cardiac arrest brain injury.

Brain injury is the leading cause of mortality among patients who survive cardiac arrest (CA). Clinical studies have shown that the presence of post-CA hypoxic hepatitis or pre-CA liver disease is associated with increased mortality and inferior neurological recovery. In our in vivo global cerebral ischemia model, we observed a larger infarct area, elevated tissue injury scores, and increased intravascular CD45+ cell adhesion in reperfused brains with simultaneous hepatic ischemia than in those without it.

Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatic Hematoma After Liver Transplantation in a Timely Manner.

Objective: Hematomas of the liver graft, that is, postintervention, subcapsular or intrahepatic are rare yet potentially fatal complications following liver transplantation (LT), necessitating immediate diagnosis and management to avert devastating outcomes. This study was aimed to introduce our approach to manage graft hematoma subsequent to LT.

Methods: Among 131 orthotopic liver transplantations (OLT) conducted at our institution between January 2017 and May 2023, 3 cases of intrahepatic (n = 2) and extrahepatic (n = 1) hematoma were confirmed through computed tomography (CT) within 10 days after LT.

Everolimus plus reduced calcineurin inhibitor prevents anti-HLA antibodies and humoral rejection in kidney transplant recipients: 12-month results from the ATHENA study.

Background: Studies prospectively monitoring donor-specific antibodies (dnDSAs) and their clinical impact are sparse. This substudy of ATHENA was initiated to evaluate the effect of everolimus (EVR) or mycophenolic acid (MPA) in combination with reduced calcineurin inhibitor (CNI, tacrolimus [TAC] or cyclosporine [CsA]) on the formation of human leukocyte antibodies (HLA), including dnDSA, and the impact on clinical outcomes in kidney transplant (KTx) recipients.

Methods: All eligible patients were randomized 1:1:1 to receive either EVR + TAC, EVR + CsA or MPA + TAC, with basiliximab induction plus steroids after transplantation up to Month 12.

Impact of everolimus plus calcineurin inhibitor on formation of non-HLA antibodies and graft outcomes in kidney transplant recipients: 12-month results from the ATHENA substudy.

Background: Non-human leukocyte antigen (non-HLA) antibodies including antibodies targeting Angiotensin II type 1 (AT1R) and Endothelin-1 type A (ETAR) receptors represent a topic of interest in kidney transplantation (KTx). This exploratory substudy evaluated the impact of everolimus (EVR) or mycophenolic acid (MPA) in combination with tacrolimus (TAC) or cyclosporine A (CsA) in patients with preformed non-HLA antibodies, potentially associated rejections and/or their impact on renal function over 1 year.

Methods: All eligible patients were randomized (1:1:1) before transplantation to receive either EVR/TAC, EVR/CsA, or MPA/TAC regimen.

Profiling of Commonly Used Post-transplant Immunosuppressants Reveals Distinct Impact on Antiviral T-cell Immunity Towards CMV.

Infectious complications, including widespread human cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease, frequently occur after hematopoietic stem cell and solid organ transplantation due to immunosuppressive treatment causing impairment of T-cell immunity. Therefore, in-depth analysis of the impact of immunosuppressants on antiviral T cells is needed. We analyzed the impact of mTOR inhibitors sirolimus (SIR/S) and everolimus (EVR/E), calcineurin inhibitor tacrolimus (TAC/T), purine synthesis inhibitor mycophenolic acid (MPA/M), glucocorticoid prednisolone (PRE/P) and common double (T+S/E/M/P) and triple (T+S/E/M+P) combinations on antiviral T-cell functionality.

Pretransplant use of immune checkpoint inhibitors for hepatocellular carcinoma: A multicenter, retrospective cohort study.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) as a downstaging or bridging therapy for liver transplantation (LT) in hepatocellular carcinoma patients are rapidly increasing. However, the evidence about the feasibility and safety of pre-LT ICI therapy is limited and controversial. To this end, a multicenter, retrospective cohort study was conducted in 11 Chinese centers.

Influence of immunosuppressive drugs on natural killer cells in therapeutic drug exposure in liver transplantation.

Background: Natural killer (NK) cells are enriched in the liver and are the main regulators in liver transplantation regarding rejection or tolerance, viral infection, or tumor recurrence. Immunosuppression consists of a triple drug standard regimen comprising tacrolimus (TAC) and corticosteroids (CS) with either mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) or sirolimus (SIR)/everolimus (EVE). The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of trough levels of these regimens under clinical conditions and exposure on human NK-cell activity and function in order to better understand the antiviral and anti-tumor effects of mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor (mTORI).

Prevalence and factors associated with depression and anxiety in living liver donors: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: This study aimed to systematically review the prevalence and factors associated with depression and anxiety in living liver donors after liver transplantation.

Methods: Five English language electronic databases and four Chinese language electronic databases were searched from inception to February 2023. Two investigators independently extracted the data and assessed the study quality.

Identification and validation of Birc5 as a novel activated cell cycle program biomarker associated with infiltration of immunosuppressive myeloid-derived suppressor cells in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Preclinical studies and clinical trials have demonstrated that tumor-intrinsic activation of the cell cycle program impedes anticancer immunotherapy. Identification of cell cycle-related biomarkers may provide novel therapeutic targets to augment the efficacy of immunotherapy in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Method And Results: Based on the genes related to cell cycle program, two clusters (Cluster 1 and Cluster 2) were detected in HCC patients via non-negative matrix factorization algorithm.

Retroperitoneal Laparoscopic Hepatectomy for a Subcapsular Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Segment VI (Video).

Introduction: Hepatocellular carcinoma located in hepatic segment VI/VII or close to the adrenal gland were generally considered challenging for minimally invasive resection. For these individualized patients, this may be overcome by the novel use of a retroperitoneal laparoscopic hepatectomy; however, minimally invasive retroperitoneal liver resection is difficult to perform. This video article demonstrates a pure retroperitoneal laparoscopic hepatectomy for a subcapsular hepatocellular carcinoma.

A randomized-controlled trial of ischemia-free liver transplantation for end-stage liver disease.

Background & Aims: Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) has thus far been considered as an inevitable component of organ transplantation, compromising outcomes, and limiting organ availability. Ischemia-free organ transplantation is a novel approach designed to avoid IRI, with the potential to improve outcomes.

Methods: In this randomized-controlled clinical trial, recipients of livers from donors after brain death were randomly assigned to receive either an ischemia-free or a 'conventional' transplant.

Entecavir Combined With Short-term Hepatitis B Immunoglobulin in Preventing Hepatitis B Virus Recurrence in Liver Transplant Recipients.

Background: The combination of nucleoside analogs and long-term hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) is considered to be the standard regimen for preventing hepatitis B virus (HBV) recurrence after liver transplant (LT). However, long-term use of HBIG causes many adverse effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of nucleoside analogs entecavir combined with short-term HBIG in preventing HBV recurrence after LT.

Systematic characterization of chromodomain proteins reveals an H3K9me1/2 reader regulating aging in C. elegans.

The chromatin organization modifier domain (chromodomain) is an evolutionally conserved motif across eukaryotic species. The chromodomain mainly functions as a histone methyl-lysine reader to modulate gene expression, chromatin spatial conformation and genome stability. Mutations or aberrant expression of chromodomain proteins can result in cancer and other human diseases.

Human Leucocyte Antigen-Matching Can Improve Long Term Outcome of Renal Allografts from Donors Older Than 75 Years.

Background: Renal transplantation is the therapy of choice for kidney failure. The Eurotransplant Senior Program (ESP) has been established to allocate kidneys ≥65 years to recipients of the same age group considered a regional allocation with short cold ischemia (CIT) but not human-leukocyte-antigen (HLA)-matching. The acceptance of organs aged ≥75 years is also still controversial within the ESP.

Involvement of endoplasmic reticulum stress in rifampicin-induced liver injury.

Rifampicin is a first-line antituberculosis drug. Hepatocyte toxicity caused by rifampicin is a significant clinical problem. However, the specific mechanism by which rifampicin causes liver injury is still poorly understood.

Incidence of Ischemia Reperfusion Injury Related Biliary Complications in Liver Transplantation: Effect of Different Types of Donors.

Liver transplantation from donors after circulatory death (DCD) is associated with considerable rates of primary nonfunction and ischemic-type biliary lesions. Compared with donation was after brain death (DBD), the biggest disadvantage of DCD is warm ischemia injury in the procurement stage. Donation after brain death followed by circulatory death (DBCD) is a unique practice in China.

Panoramic comparison between NK cells in healthy and cancerous liver through single-cell RNA sequencing.

Objective: NK cells play crucial roles in the immune defense mechanisms against viral infections and transformed cells. However, the developmental progression, transcriptomic landscape, and functional subtypes of liver NK cells are not well defined. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for approximately 80% of primary liver cancer worldwide, yet the biological characteristics of NK cells in the HCC environment are unclear.

Risk factors of perioperative complications and management with enhanced recovery after primary surgery in women with epithelial ovarian carcinoma in a single center.

The present study aimed to evaluate the postoperative complications and the impact of an enhanced recovery programme in patients who underwent primary surgery (including extensive upper abdominal surgery) for epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC). All patients with stage I-IV ovarian carcinoma who underwent primary surgery were identified, and postoperative complications were evaluated and graded according to the Clavien-Dindo classification. Of 161 patients, 46 (28.