Barriers to the Use of Medicinal Mushrooms for Production of Metabolites : The Bjarmin Rushton Story.

Traditionalists are reluctant to leave the technology they and their forefathers knew. To them the new technology based on the stirred tank bioreactor is too removed from the soil the mushroom comes from. On the other hand, there are examples of applications of a bioreactor which support the change from the old to the new technology.

Constructing a Talent Identification Index System and Evaluation Model for Cross-Country Skiers.

A talent identification index system for male and female cross-country skiers in four age groups (11-12 years old, 13-14 years old, 15-16 years old, and 17-18 years old) was established. The system comprises five body shape indexes ( =5): Leg-to-Body Ratio (LBR), body fat percentage, maturity status, spreaded brachia index, and upper extremity length. The physiological function indexes ( =2) are VO and haemoglobin mass (Hb).

A Quality-of-Life Study in Healthy Adults Supplemented with Lentinex® Beta-Glucan of Shiitake Culinary-Medicinal Mushroom, Lentinus edodes (Agaricomycetes).

Lentinus edodes (=Lentinula edodes) is a culinary-medicinal mushroom with a long tradition of use in Asia. The major active substance in L. edodes is a beta-(1-3,1-6)-glucan (lentinan).

Using Polarized Spectroscopy to Investigate Order in Thin-Films of Ionic Self-Assembled Materials Based on Azo-Dyes.

Three series of ionic self-assembled materials based on anionic azo-dyes and cationic benzalkonium surfactants were synthesized and thin films were prepared by spin-casting. These thin films appear isotropic when investigated with polarized optical microscopy, although they are highly anisotropic. Here, three series of homologous materials were studied to rationalize this observation.

Two patients with localised hyperhidrosis of the hand based on functional and structural abnormalities of sweat glands.

A 14-year-old girl and a 30-year-old woman presented with localised hyperhidrosis on the dorsal hand and wrist, respectively, provoked by different stimuli such as physical activity and minor trauma to the skin. The skin was seemingly normal in both patients where an iodine-starch test revealed a well-demarcated area of hyperhidrosis. Following histopathological examination, the diagnosis was unilateral localised hyperhidrosis in both cases; one with normal histology and one with a nevus sudoriferous.

An epidemic of meningococcal disease in children in North Norway in the 1970s and 1980s was dominated by a hypervirulent group B strain.

Aim: We examined children hospitalised for invasive meningococcal disease, a leading cause of paediatric sepsis, in Troms County, North Norway, from 1973 to 2016, including the epidemic in the 1970s and 1980s.

Methods: This study was a retrospective review of children under the age of 15 years who were hospitalised for meningococcal disease at the University Hospital of North Norway and Harstad Hospital. We studied hospital and bacteriological records to determine the incidence rates and phenotypes involved.

Identification of copy number variants from exome sequence data.

Background: With advances in next generation sequencing technologies and genomic capture techniques, exome sequencing has become a cost-effective approach for mutation detection in genetic diseases. However, computational prediction of copy number variants (CNVs) from exome sequence data is a challenging task. Whilst numerous programs are available, they have different sensitivities, and have low sensitivity to detect smaller CNVs (1-4 exons).

High levels of multiresistance in quinolone resistant urinary tract isolates of Escherichia coli from Norway; a non clonal phenomen?

Background: The problem of emerging ciprofloxacin resistance is compounded by its frequent association with multiresistance, the reason for which is not fully understood. In this study we compare multiresistance, clonal similarities and phylogenetic group in urinary tract isolates of Escherichia coli sensitive and resistant to the quinolone antimicrobials nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin.

Results: Quinolone resistant isolates were more resistant to non-quinolone antibiotics than sensitive isolates, with resistance to ampicillin, mecillinam, sulphonamide, trimethoprim, tetracycline, kanamycin and chloramphenicol significantly increased.

Dynamics of signaling, cytoskeleton and cell cycle regulation proteins in glioblastoma cells after sub-lethal photodynamic treatment: antibody microarray study.

Background: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) that induces oxidative stress and cell death is used for tumor destruction in oncology. To characterize early molecular events in photosensitized glioblastoma cells, we studied expression of 224 proteins after sublethal PDT that doesn't kill but wounds cells.

Methods: Cultured glioblastoma D54Mg cells were photosensitized with 5-aminolevulinic acid so that cell survival was 95-100%.

Occurrence, population structure, and antimicrobial resistance of enterococci in marginal and apical periodontitis.

Subgingival plaque samples and root canal samples were collected from 2,839 marginal periodontitis (MP) patients and 21 apical periodontitis (AP) patients. Enterococcus species were identified by a series of phenotypic and genotypic tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility assays were performed by an agar disk diffusion test.

Salmon louse (Lepeophtheirus salmonis) transcriptomes during post molting maturation and egg production, revealed using EST-sequencing and microarray analysis.

Background: Lepeophtheirus salmonis is an ectoparasitic copepod feeding on skin, mucus and blood from salmonid hosts. Initial analysis of EST sequences from pre adult and adult stages of L. salmonis revealed a large proportion of novel transcripts.

Array comparative genomic hybridization reveals distinct DNA copy number differences between gastrointestinal stromal tumors and leiomyosarcomas.

Leiomyosarcomas are spindle cell tumors showing smooth muscle differentiation. Until recently, most gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) were also classified as smooth muscle tumors, but now GISTs are recognized as a separate entity, defined as spindle cell and/or epithelioid tumors localized in the gastrointestinal tract. Using microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization (array CGH), we have created a detailed map of DNA copy number changes for 7 GISTs and 12 leiomyosarcomas.

Design of a tubular loop bioreactor for scale-up and scale-down of fermentation processes.

Microorganisms traveling through circulation loops in large-scale bioreactors experience variations in their environment such as dissolved oxygen concentration and pH gradients. The same changes are not experienced in small bioreactors, and it is suggested that herein lies one of the major reasons for the problems encountered when translating fermentation data from one scale to another. One approach to study this problem is to look at the circulation loop itself.

Quality control in colorectal cancer screening: systematic microbiological investigation of endoscopes used in the NORCCAP (Norwegian Colorectal Cancer Prevention) trial.

Background: Endoscopic colorectal cancer (CRC) screening is currently implemented in many countries. Since endoscopes cannot be sterilised, the transmission of infectious agents through endoscopes has been a matter of concern. We report on a continuous quality control programme in a large-scale randomised controlled trial on flexible sigmoidoscopy screening of an average-risk population.