Data of biomass and N in grass and clover roots, stubbles, and herbage and associated NO and CO emissions, inclusive soil air composition, following autumn ploughing - A field study.

This article presents the detailed data of the soil characteristics, field management, amount and N content of below- (roots +crown) and aboveground (stubble and herbage) grass mixture, red clover and red clover grass swards at the end of the 3rd production year, together with fluxes of greenhouse gas emissions (NO, CO, CH) and soil air composition (CO, NO, CH, N and O) of a field experiment in Norway. These data supplement the findings presented in the research article " Roots and other residues from ley with or without red clover: quality and effects on NO Emission Factor in a partly frozen soil following autumn ploughing"(Bleken et al. 2022).

Roots and other residues from leys with or without red clover: Quality and effects on NO emission factors in a partly frozen soil following autumn ploughing.

Revised IPCC guidelines assume that a constant share of N in decomposing crop residues is directly emitted as NO (emission factor: EF), and calculate the amount of nitrogen (N) in non-removable residues of temporary grasslands proportionally to the average annual herbage yield. However, EF depends on the intrinsic quality of the residues and their interactions with environmental conditions. Only a few field studies on NO emissions from grassland renewal are available, and none have simultaneously quantified the N amount and quality of non-removable residues (roots and stubble).

Soil pH-increase strongly mitigated NO emissions following ploughing of grass and clover swards in autumn: A winter field study.

Emissions from crop residues contribute largely to the total estimated NO emissions from agriculture. Since low soil pH increases NO production by impairing the last denitrification step, liming has been suggested as a mitigation strategy; however, it may also increase NO emissions by enhancing mineralization and nitrification. To gain field-based empirical knowledge, we measured NO fluxes with an autonomous field-flux robot in limed and control plots before and after autumn ploughing of 3-year-old grass, clover grass or red clover swards under different N fertilization regimes.

Predicting field NO emissions from crop residues based on their biochemical composition: A meta-analytical approach.

Crop residue incorporation is a common practice to increase or restore organic matter stocks in agricultural soils. However, this practice often increases emissions of the powerful greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (NO). Previous meta-analyses have linked various biochemical properties of crop residues to NO emissions, but the relationships between these properties have been overlooked, hampering our ability to predict NO emissions from specific residues.

Tuning Pt and Cu sites population inside functionalized UiO-67 MOF by controlling activation conditions.

The exceptional thermal and chemical stability of the UiO-66, -67 and -68 classes of isostructural MOFs [J. Am. Chem.

Probing the surface of nanosheet H-ZSM-5 with FTIR spectroscopy.

Herein we report FTIR in situ adsorption of molecular hydrogen, carbon monoxide, water, methanol, pyridine and 2,4,6-trimethylpyridine (collidine) on nanosheet H-ZSM-5 which was recently studied in the methanol to hydrocarbons (MTH) reaction. The nature of the hydroxyl groups and surface species are described in detail. The IR spectrum of nanosheet H-ZSM-5 is dominated by silanols, which saturate the external surfaces.

The fast Z-scan method for studying working catalytic reactors with high energy X-ray diffraction: ZSM-5 in the methanol to gasoline process.

The methanol to gasoline process over the zeolite catalyst ZSM-5 in a lab-sized reactor bed (4 mm diameter) has been studied in operando with high energy synchrotron X-ray diffraction. The fast z-scan method was used, scanning the reactor repeatedly and at speed through the X-ray beam. The X-ray diffraction data were processed using high throughput parametric Rietveld refinement to obtain real structural parameters.

[Evaluation of the learning outcome in clinical rotations].

This article examines the learning outcome and obtainment of skills in clinical rotations. The survey involved junior doctors (JDs) and consultants responsible for education (CREs). The questionnaires covered different subjects rated on a scale.

Conversion of methanol over 10-ring zeolites with differing volumes at channel intersections: comparison of TNU-9, IM-5, ZSM-11 and ZSM-5.

Four 3D 10-ring zeolites, IM-5, TNU-9, ZSM-11 and ZSM-5, with Si/Al = 14-24 and crystal sizes below 2 microns, were tested as catalysts for the methanol to hydrocarbons reaction (MTH) at atmospheric pressure, 350 °C and WHSV = 9 h(-1). All catalysts gave initially full methanol conversion, and showed strikingly similar effluent product selectivities. However, their life-time duration differed significantly, and decreased in the order: ZSM-11 > ZSM-5 ≫ TNU-9 > IM-5.

Thermochemistry of organic reactions in microporous oxides by atomistic simulations: benchmarking against periodic B3LYP.

The methylation of ethene by methyl chloride and methanol in the microporous materials SAPO-34 and SSZ-13 has been studied using different periodic atomistic modeling approaches based on density functional theory. The RPBE functional, which earlier has been used successfully in studies of surface reactions on metals, fails to yield a qualitatively correct description of the transition states under study. Employing B3LYP as functional gives results in line with experimental data: (1) Methanol is adsorbed more strongly than methyl chloride to the acid site.

Hematologic and biochemical reference intervals for Norwegian crossbreed grower pigs.

Background: Hematologic and biochemical reference intervals depend on many factors, including environment and age. Reference intervals for Norwegian grower pigs are lacking, and previously published reference intervals for similar pigs from other countries are now outdated due to significant changes in management and breeding on the pig farms.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine updated reference intervals for hematologic and biochemical analytes in healthy crossbred grower pigs, and to compare the results among 3 different farms.

[Intensified training at department of dermatology].

In recent years the Department of Dermatology at Aarhus Hospital has implemented a number of changes in order to improve the training of junior medical doctors. Some of the areas in focus are introduction, more responsibility, supervision, work planning and scheduling, conferences and weekly meetings for the specialists. The changes have a positive effect in many ways as training has become more efficient, motivation among staff has risen and the working environment has improved.

Density functional theory based screening of ternary alkali-transition metal borohydrides: a computational material design project.

We present a computational screening study of ternary metal borohydrides for reversible hydrogen storage based on density functional theory. We investigate the stability and decomposition of alloys containing 1 alkali metal atom, Li, Na, or K (M(1)); and 1 alkali, alkaline earth or 3d/4d transition metal atom (M(2)) plus two to five (BH(4))(-) groups, i.e.

[24-hour nonstop research training course].

The University of Aarhus and Further Training Region North (Danish: Videreuddannelsesregion Nord) arranged a 24-hour experimental course in research training for junior physicians. Previously, the course has been imparted as three course days with daytime training, but this time it had the form of one 24-hour session. The idea behind the new concept is to combine a high professional content with considerable change in the form of the course.

Pearls on a string: a Z' = 7 structure for glycyl-L-valine.

The title peptide, C7H14N2O3, crystallizes with seven independent molecules in the asymmetric unit. All have essentially the same overall conformation, but some flexibility is exhibited by the glycine residue. It appears that the high Z' value, observed only three times before for an organic compound, permits formation of shorter hydrogen bonds in one of the two head-to-tail chains involving the N-terminal amino groups and the C-terminal carboxylate groups than found in a hypothetical model structure of glycyl-L-valine with Z' = 1, and that it furthermore alleviates strain associated with an eclipsed orientation of the amino group.

High nitrogen costs of dairy production in Europe: worsened by intensification.

Intensification of agriculture has been proposed as one way of minimizing emissions per unit of product, apparently legitimizing the ongoing structural changes in agriculture. We have investigated the relationship between the farming intensity and the nitrogen (N) dissipation by calculating the overall N emission factor (E: total N surplus per unit of N in the produce) from several studies of dairy farms, covering a wide range of environments and production intensities. Fundamental steps were (1) the distinction between trophic levels, mineral, plant and animal N; and (2) the inclusion of N losses related to bought feed.

Cannibalism in whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus).

Cannibalism in whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus) is studied on the basis of an evolutionary model. The model predicts that individuals may be cannibalistic if they gain sufficiently in terms of fitness relative to the reduction in survival caused by this behaviour. If cannibalistic forms mainly increase survival it is predicted that cannibalism is particularly likely to be an evolutionarily optimal strategy if only a few age classes are being cannibalized and if, simultaneously, many age classes are cannibalistic.

Egg diapause and demographic strategy in Lepidocyrtus lignorum Fabricius (Collembola; Entomobryidae).

In this study we found that the surface-dwelling Collembolan Lepidocyrtus lignorum reproduces mainly in autumn. Eggs have a diapause terminated by cold. Hatching occurs synchronously in spring, producing a distinct cohort I.