Young Adults with a History of Residential Youth Care: A Cohort Profile of a Hard-to-Reach Population.

Adults with a history of living in residential youth care (RYC) face elevated risks across various life domains. In this cohort profile paper, we outline the design of a comprehensive follow-up study-the VINGO study-targeting young adults (22-30 years) with a history of living in RYC (T2). We describe the recruitment strategy and present sample characteristics.

A deep learning based method for left ventricular strain measurements: repeatability and accuracy compared to experienced echocardiographers.

Background: Speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) provides quantification of left ventricular (LV) deformation and is useful in the assessment of LV function. STE is increasingly being used clinically, and every effort to simplify and standardize STE is important. Manual outlining of regions of interest (ROIs) is labor intensive and may influence assessment of strain values.

Investigating Digital Patient-Reported Outcome Measures in Patient-Centered Diabetes Specialist Outpatient Care (DigiDiaS): Protocol for a Multimethod Prospective Observational Study.

Background: Living with type 1 diabetes is challenging, and to support self-management, repeated consultations in specialist outpatient care are often required. The emergence of new digital solutions has revolutionized how health care services can be patient centered, providing unprecedented opportunities for flexible, high-quality care. However, there is a lack of studies exploring how the use of digital patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) for flexible specialist care affects diabetes self-management.

Patient-reported outcome measures in diabetes outpatient care: a scoping review.

Background: Patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures are increasingly used in clinical diabetes care to increase patient involvement and improve healthcare services. The objectives were to identify instruments used to measure PROs in outpatient diabetes clinics and to investigate the use of these PRO measures alongside the experiences of patients and healthcare personnel in a clinical setting.

Research Design And Methods: A scoping review was conducted according to the framework of Arksey and O'Malley with scoping searches of Cinahl, EMBASE, Medline and Health and Psychosocial Instruments.

Deep learning for automated left ventricular outflow tract diameter measurements in 2D echocardiography.

Background: Measurement of the left ventricular outflow tract diameter (LVOTd) in echocardiography is a common source of error when used to calculate the stroke volume. The aim of this study is to assess whether a deep learning (DL) model, trained on a clinical echocardiographic dataset, can perform automatic LVOTd measurements on par with expert cardiologists.

Methods: Data consisted of 649 consecutive transthoracic echocardiographic examinations of patients with coronary artery disease admitted to a university hospital.

Norwegian Endurance Athlete ECG Database.

Athletes often have training-induced remodeling of the heart, and this can sometimes be seen as abnormal but non-pathological changes in the electrocardiogram. However, these changes can be confused with severe cardiovascular diseases that, in some cases, can cause cardiovascular death. Electrocardiogram data from athletes is therefore important to learn more about the difference between normal athletic remodeling and pathological remodeling of the heart.

CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Gene Editing in Salmonids Cells and Efficient Establishment of Edited Clonal Cell Lines.

Finfish production has seen over three-fold increase in the past 30 years (1990-2020), and Atlantic salmon (A. salmon; ) accounted for approximately 32.6% of the total marine and coastal aquaculture of all finfish species in the year 2020, making it one of the most profitable farmed fish species globally.

The effect of the new rescue helicopters on the rescue service's mission profile.

Background: The change of rescue helicopter type from the Sea King to the SAR Queen has been controversial. Some hospitals can no longer receive rescue helicopters because of the stronger rotor downwash from the SAR Queen. For the same reason, it has been unclear whether the SAR Queen would be able to land near patients for air ambulance missions.

Adapting a Patient-Reported Outcome Measure to Digital Outpatient Specialist Health Care Services for Type 1 Diabetes: User Involvement Study.

Background: Diabetes self-management is crucial for patients with type 1 diabetes, and digital services can support their self-management and facilitate flexible follow-up. The potential of using digital patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures in routine outpatient care is not fully used owing to a lack of adapted PRO measures.

Objective: This study presents the process of identifying and adapting a digital PRO measure for use in clinical diabetes practice and describes the preferred item topics of the adapted PRO measure, as reported by patients and diabetes specialist nurses.

Promoting psychosocial environments in Norwegian primary schools: a scoping review protocol exploring the roles and responsibilities of school social workers.

Introduction: Early intervention by identifying children at risk and providing necessary support is vital to prevent stunted psychosocial development and mental health issues. In this regard, schools are important intervention arenas, reaching all students at a universal level. The need for enhanced efforts is well recognised in Norwegian policy documents, whereas school social workers can represent significant roles in supporting teachers with expanded knowledge on psychosocial factors, mental health and relevant interventions.

Estimation of Heart Rate Variability from Finger Photoplethysmography During Rest, Mild Exercise and Mild Mental Stress.

Due to the possibilities in miniaturization and wearability, photoplethysmography (PPG) has recently gained a large interest not only for heart rate measurement, but also for estimating heart rate variability, which is derived from ECG by convention. The agreement between PPG and ECG-based HRV has been assessed in several studies, but the feasibility of PPG-based HRV estimation is still largely unknown for many conditions. In this study, we assess the feasibility of HRV estimation based on finger PPG during rest, mild physical exercise and mild mental stress.

Perceived social support and quality of life among adolescents in residential youth care: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Residential youth care (RYC) institutions aim to provide care and stability for vulnerable adolescents with several previous and present challenges, such as disrupted attachments, wide-ranging adverse childhood experiences, mental health problems, and poor quality of life (QoL). To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first to provide knowledge of the associations between perceived social support and QoL and to explore the potential moderating effect of perceived social support on QoL for adolescents who have experienced maltreatment and polyvictimization.

Methods: All RYC institutions with adolescents between the ages 12-23 in Norway were asked to participate in the study.

Dynamic Optimization and Non-linear Model Predictive Control to Achieve Targeted Particle Morphologies.

An event-driven approach based on dynamic optimization and nonlinear model predictive control (NMPC) is investigated together with inline Raman spectroscopy for process monitoring and control. The benefits and challenges in polymerization and morphology monitoring are presented, and an overview of the used mechanistic models and the details of the dynamic optimization and NMPC approach to achieve the relevant process objectives are provided. Finally, the implementation of the approach is discussed, and results from experiments in lab and pilot-plant reactors are presented.

The accuracy of DFT-optimized geometries of functional transition metal compounds: a validation study of catalysts for olefin metathesis and other reactions in the homogeneous phase.

We have investigated the performance of eight popular density functionals, four of which are "standard" functionals not including dispersion (B3LYP, BP86, PBE, and TPSS) and four of which have been constructed to account for dispersion (B97D, wB97XD, M06, and M06L), in reproducing 18 molecular structures derived from single-crystal X-ray diffraction experiments on ruthenium-based olefin metathesis catalyst precursors. Our analysis of all the internuclear distances reveals that standard DFT predicts systematically expanded structures. In contrast, all the methods accounting for dispersion give rise to more compact structures, removing the systematic overestimation of internuclear distances.

Quantification of metabolites in breast cancer patients with different clinical prognosis using HR MAS MR spectroscopy.

Absolute quantitative measures of breast cancer tissue metabolites can increase our understanding of biological processes. Electronic REference To access In vivo Concentrations (ERETIC) was applied to high resolution magic angle spinning MR spectroscopy (HR MAS MRS) to quantify metabolites in intact breast cancer samples. The ERETIC signal was calibrated using solutions of creatine and TSP.

Clinical 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy of brain metastases at 1.5T and 3T.

Purpose: To investigate whether improvements in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and spectral resolution are found in spectra from patients with brain metastases obtained at higher magnetic field strengths using standard clinical instrumentation.

Material And Methods: Six patients with brain metastases, 13 healthy volunteers, and a phantom containing brain metabolites were examined using two clinical MR instruments operating at 1.5T (Siemens) and 3T (Philips) with standard clinical head coils.

Manganese-enhanced MRI of the optic visual pathway and optic nerve injury in adult rats.

Purpose: To evaluate manganese (Mn2+)-enhanced MRI in a longitudinal study of normal and injured rat visual projections.

Materials And Methods: MRI was performed 24 hours after unilateral intravitreal injection of MnCl2 (150 nmol) into adult Fischer rats that were divided into four groups: 1) controls (N = 5), 2) dose-response (N = 10, 0.2-200 nmol), 3) time-response with repeated MRI during 24-168 hours post injection (N = 4), and 4) optic nerve crush (ONC) immediately preceding the MnCl2 injection (N = 7).

External standard method for the in vivo quantification of choline-containing compounds in breast tumors by proton MR spectroscopy at 1.5 Tesla.

Quantification of choline-containing compounds observed with (1)H MRS of breast tumors is of interest since such compounds have been linked to malignancy. Experiments were performed at 1.5 T with an external standard containing phosphocholine for calibration.

Effects of hyperthermia on bioenergetic status and phosphorus T1S in human melanoma xenografts monitored by 31P-MRS.

Conventional hyperthermia enhances tumor response to radiotherapy through thermal cell inactivation and vascular shut-down, whereas mild hyperthermia potentiates the effect of radiotherapy by improving tumor oxygenation. The work reported here was aimed at investigating whether 31P-magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P-MRS) measurements of tumor bioenergetic status; i.e.

In vivo 1H MRS of normal breast and breast tumors using a dedicated double breast coil.

Image-guided localized proton MR spectroscopy (MRS) of normal breasts and breast tumors (ductal and undifferentiated carcinomas) was performed using a dedicated double breast coil. In vivo 1H MR spectra from 10 normal volunteers showed signals from water and lipids only, even in breasts with small contribution of fatty breast tissue. In the spectra from 6 of the 12 examined patients, an intense signal assigned to choline compounds was detected.

Influence of a reduced G-suit pressure schedule on G-duration tolerance using enhanced G-protection ensembles.

Background: Reducing pressure to enhanced G-protection ensembles may diminish potential undesirable physiologic effects, as well as improve wear comfort and garment durability.

Hypothesis: G-duration tolerance will not be affected by reducing pressure to the Swedish tactical flight combat suit (TFCS). A second objective tested the similarity in G-duration tolerance between the TFCS and Combined Advanced Technology Enhanced Design G-Ensemble (COMBAT EDGE) combined with a prototype enhanced coverage G-suit.