Novel Bat-Monitoring Dataset Reveals Targeted Foraging With Agricultural and Pest Control Implications.

Quantifying ecosystem services provided by mobile species like insectivorous bats remains a challenge, particularly in understanding where and how these services vary over space and time. Bats are known to offer valuable ecosystem services, such as mitigating insect pest damage to crops, reducing pesticide use, and reducing nuisance pest populations. However, determining where bats forage is difficult to monitor.

Digital health for early psychosis in Ghana: patient and caregiver needs and preferences.

In West Africa, the long-term consequences of poor early psychosis recovery include poverty, neglect, and community ostracization. To understand the potential for digital health approaches to support early psychosis care in Ghana, we conducted a survey study among early psychosis patients and their caregivers about mental health needs, technology use and access, and interest in digital mental health. Hospital staff at Accra Psychiatric Hospital reviewed hospital medical records from January 2023 - December 2023 identifying young adults (≥18 years old) who had experienced psychosis symptoms for the first time within the prior five years.

Effect of Improved Provider Communication and Adherence to Guidelines on PrEP Initiation in Kisumu Kenya.

Introduction: Adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) in Kenya have low pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) initiation rates in part due to stigmatizing interactions with health care providers. Our recent randomized clinical trial of a standardized patient actor (SP) training intervention for providers found higher quality PrEP delivery at intervention sites, however it was unclear whether improved service quality improved PrEP initiation.

Methods: This analysis used routine records from facilities participating in the randomized trial which aimed to improve provider communication and adherence to Kenyan guidelines when offering PrEP to AGYW.

Near-Infrared Photothermal Conversion by Isocorrole and Phlorin Derivatives.

Photothermal therapy is a promising strategy for treating tumors and bacterial infections by using light irradiation to locally heat tissues. Metalloisoporphyrinoid materials have been investigated for their use as singlet oxygen photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy but remain underexplored as photothermal agents. Recently, two metallophlorin and two metalloisocorrole materials were found to have strong near-infrared absorbance, with low photoluminescent quantum yields, suggesting high rates of nonradiative decay.

A new airtight sampling method for sulfur hexafluoride (SF) in groundwater.

In the past 20 years, sulfur hexafluoride (SF) has been considered a highly reliable tracer for assessing modern water (< 65 yrs old) in groundwater. However, modern-air contamination may introduce complications in interpreting data obtained using current sampling methods. A new airtight methodology isolates the sample from modern ambient air; thus, returning more reproducible and reliable results when compared to two traditional (air-sensitive and non-airtight) methods.

Radiation efficiency varying equivalent radiated power.

In this paper, an improved version of the classical equivalent radiated power (ERP) approximation is proposed based on principled physical arguments. A geometry-, frequency-, and vibration pattern-dependent approximation of radiation efficiency is developed and used as a corrective factor for the classical ERP approximation. The proposed method called "radiation efficiency varying equivalent radiated power" (revERP), is shown to greatly improve the accuracy of classical ERP at low Helmholtz numbers, while attaining the accuracy of classical ERP at high Helmholtz numbers.

Unlocking the Potential: How Flavonoids Affect Angiogenesis, Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, Proliferation, Invasion, and Alter Receptor Interactions in Endometriosis.

Endometriosis, though not classified as a carcinogenic condition, shares features such as oxidative stress, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, and inflammation with tumor cells. This study aims to review the effects of flavonoids on these processes and their molecular mechanisms in preventing and treating endometriosis. A comprehensive review was conducted, involving a literature search in online databases using keywords like "endometriosis," "endometrioma," and "flavonoid.

Evidence of Significant Intratumoral Transcriptomic Heterogeneity in Non-functioning Pituitary Adenomas Based on Location and Texture.

Introduction Surgical resection remains a standard treatment of non-functioning pituitary adenomas (NFPA). These tumors have significant intratumoral variability of growth rates and texture hardness. This preliminary study aims to identify variations in gene expression of different locations and textures within the same tumor to better explain tumor pathophysiology.

Sex differences in the prognosis of nonsustained ventricular tachycardia detected on Holter recording.

Background: Nonsustained ventricular tachycardia (NSVT) is a common finding during cardiac evaluation and has been linked to increased mortality. While some studies report a sex difference, most data stem from research cohorts.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the prognostic significance of NSVT in a real-life outpatient clinic, focusing on sex differences in mortality.

Efficacy and Satisfaction of a Chemically Characterized L. Extract-Based Food Supplement for Functional Constipation in Healthy Consumers: Preliminary Results of a Questionnaire-Based Survey.

Background/objectives: L. is rich in mucilage and is traditionally used for the management of numerous ailments including gastrointestinal disorders. Functional constipation (FC) is a gastrointestinal condition characterized by defecation anomalies such as infrequent stools, difficulty in stool passage, or both in the absence of pathological abnormalities.

Neuroretinal and RPE changes and susceptibility to Age-Related Macular Degeneration: insights from the longitudinal Alienor Study.

Purpose: We assessed the associations of macular layer thicknesses, measured using spectral-domain OCT (SD-OCT), with incident age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and AMD polygenic risk scores (PRS).

Design: Population-based cohort study PARTICIPANTS: 653 participants of the Alienor study, with biennial eye imaging from 2009 to 2024.

Methods: Macular layer thicknesses of eight distinct layers and three compound layers were automatically segmented based on SD-OCT imaging of the macula.

Clinical Nurse Specialist Coaching Improves Transition Preparedness in Older Adults.

Person-centered coaching provided by clinical nurse specialists (CNSs) is an effective, acceptable, and feasible evidence-based intervention. Psychosocial distress experienced by older adults and their families during transitions of care can contribute to adverse events. CNS coaching demonstrated increased self-reported preparedness for healthcare transitions and knowledge-of-care options.

Plasma neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as a single test rule out biomarker for acute kidney injury: A cross-sectional study in patients admitted to the emergency department.

Objectives: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a syndrome with high mortality and morbidity in part due to delayed recognition based on changes in creatinine. A marker for AKI based on a single measurement is needed and therefore the performance of a single measurement of plasma neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (pNGAL) to predict AKI in patients admitted to the emergency department was tested.

Methods: Samples from the Triage study which included 6005 consecutive adult patients admitted to the emergency department were tested for pNGAL.

Impact of the Electrode Material on the Performance of Light-Emitting Electrochemical Cells.

Light-emitting electrochemical cells (LECs) are promising candidates for fully solution-processed lighting applications because they can comprise a single active-material layer and air-stable electrodes. While their performance is often claimed to be independent of the electrode material selection due to the in situ formation of electric double layers (EDLs), we demonstrate conceptually and experimentally that this understanding needs to be modified. Specifically, the exciton generation zone is observed to be affected by the electrode work function.

Umbilical outpouchings in pigs - an international survey on fitness for transport, welfare and management.

Background: Umbilical outpouchings (UOs) in pigs are a multifactorial disease and little is known about effective prevention strategies and risk factors for UO development. UOs are common in Danish pigs and legislation complicates and increases the cost of keeping and raising pigs with UO. Recommendations for preventive measures exist but the scientific evidence behind the recommendations is often lacking.

Socioeconomic status moderates the effect of physical education on overweight and obesity in children: a quasi-experimental trial.

Unlabelled: This study aimed to estimate the effects of an intensive school-based physical education intervention on the risk of developing overweight or obesity in primary school students when accounting for the moderating role of socioeconomic status. This quasi-experimental trial included data from primary school students participating in an intensive physical education program comprising 4.5 h of weekly physical activity compared to 1.

Transcriptome of capsular contracture around breast implants mimics allograft rejection: a matched case-control study.

Background: Capsular contracture is a frequent and severe complication following breast implant surgery. Although several theories on the pathophysiology exist, the exact molecular mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to identify the specific genes, signaling pathways, and immune cells associated with capsular contracture.

Impact of Trial Eligibility Criteria on Outcomes of 1183 Patients With Follicular Lymphoma Treated in the Real-World Setting.

The development of new first-line treatments for patients with follicular lymphoma (FL) is becoming increasingly challenging due to already excellent survival outcomes. The present study investigated the outcomes of patients with FL who underwent contemporary first-line therapies but would not have been eligible for inclusion in recent trials and explored how commonly used in/exclusion criteria impacted their survival outcomes. This study included adult patients diagnosed with FL in the period 2000-2018 registered in the Danish Lymphoma Registry.

The Effect of Exercise on Pharmacodynamics and Pharmacokinetics of a Single Dose of Unfractionated Heparin-A Randomized, Controlled, Crossover Study.

Exercise increases blood and lymph flow in working muscles, potentially affecting the bioavailability and effect of subcutaneously administered drugs. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of a single exercise session on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of a single dose of subcutaneously administered unfractionated heparin. In a crossover design, 15 healthy males underwent four experimental days where 15,000 IU of unfractionated heparin was injected subcutaneously into the thigh of the non-dominant leg.

Reduced CAR T expansion post infusion is associated with poor survival in patients with large B cell lymphoma after two or more therapies.

CD19 directed chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy is now standard of care for relapsed/refractory large B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Despite good overall response rates, many patients still experience disease progression and therefore it is important to predict those at risk of relapse following CAR T-cell therapy. We performed a prospective study using a flow cytometric assay at a single treatment centre to assess early CAR T-cell expansion in vivo 6 - 9 days after CAR-T cell infusion.

Analysis of selected nutrients and contaminants in fish oil supplements for dogs.

Fish oil supplements for dogs are used therapeutically for various clinical conditions. However, products may be variable in quality, potency, and stability. The objective of this study was to analyze eleven canine fish oil supplements from two time points (2010 and 2021) for the omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) arochlors, minerals, and vitamins A and D, and to compare their compositions to label claims.

Prophylactic Peanut Allergen Ara h 6 Sublingual Immunotherapy Drives Expansion of FoxP3Helios Regulatory T Cells in the Absence of Allergen-Specific IgA.

Insights into the underlying immunological mechanisms of prophylactic sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) may support the development of new strategies for improved prevention and treatment of food allergy. Here, we investigated the humoral, regulatory and sublingual tissue immune response to prophylactic SLIT administration of a single purified peanut allergen in Brown Norway (BN) rats. BN rats received daily sublingual administration of peanut allergen Ara h 6 for three weeks.