The association between being breastfed in infancy and risks of cancer in adulthood-a UK Biobank study.

Background: Being breastfed has established benefits for infant health, but its long-term effects on adult diseases, including cancer, remain underexplored. We examined associations between being breastfed in infancy and the risks of common cancers.

Methods: Data from 339,115 participants (191,117 women) enrolled in the UK Biobank with self-reported breastfeeding data were linked to national cancer registries.

Duration and intensity of being breastfed and educational attainment, income and labour force participation: a prospective cohort and sibling study from Denmark.

Objective: Breastfeeding improves cognitive ability in childhood, but the long-term impact on socioeconomic outcomes remains unknown. We examined associations between durations of predominant and any breastfeeding and educational attainment, income, and labor force participation in adulthood, and whether these varied by maternal education.

Study Design: Prospective cohort study.

Early life body size and puberty markers as predictors of breast cancer risk later in life: A neural network analysis.

Background: The early life factors of birthweight, child weight, height, body mass index (BMI) and pubertal timing are associated with risks of breast cancer. However, the predictive value of these factors in relation to breast cancer is largely unknown. Therefore, using a machine learning approach, we examined whether birthweight, childhood weights, heights, BMIs, and pubertal timing individually and in combination were predictive of breast cancer.

Trends in childhood body mass index between 1936 and 2011 showed that underweight remained more common than obesity among 398 970 Danish school children.

Aim: To examine trends in all body mass index (BMI) groups in children from 1936 to 2011.

Methods: We included 197 694 girls and 201 276 boys from the Copenhagen School Health Records Register, born between 1930 and 1996, with longitudinal weight and height measurements (6-14 years). Using International Obesity Task Force criteria, BMI was classified as underweight, normal-weight, overweight and obesity.

Risks of Ventricular Arrhythmia and Heart Failure in Carriers of Variants.

Background: Variants in are reported in 2% to 6% of familial cases of dilated cardiomyopathy and may be associated with fatal ventricular arrhythmia and rapid heart failure progression. We sought to determine the risk of adverse events in variant carriers and the impact of sex on outcomes.

Methods: Consecutive probands and relatives carrying variants were retrospectively recruited from 12 cardiomyopathy units.

Advancing precision public health for obesity in children.

Worldwide, far too many children and adolescents are living with the disease of obesity. Despite decades of public health initiatives, rates are still rising in many countries. This raises the question of whether precision public health may be a more successful approach to preventing obesity in youth.

Birthweight, childhood body size, and timing of puberty and risks of breast cancer by menopausal status and tumor receptor subtypes.

Background: Associations of birthweight, childhood body size and pubertal timing with breast cancer risks by menopausal status and tumor receptor subtypes are inconclusive. Thus, we investigated these associations in a population-based cohort of Danish women.

Methods: We studied 162,419 women born between 1930 and 1996 from the Copenhagen School Health Records Register.

Artificial intelligence assisted compositional analyses of human abdominal aortic aneurysms .

Quantification of histological information from excised human abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) specimens may provide essential information on the degree of infiltration of inflammatory cells in different regions of the AAA. Such information will support mechanistic insight in AAA pathology and can be linked to clinical measures for further development of AAA treatment regimens. We hypothesize that artificial intelligence can support high throughput analyses of histological sections of excised human AAA.

Body mass index trajectories in childhood and incidence rates of type 2 diabetes and coronary heart disease in adulthood: A cohort study.

Aims: We examined associations between five body mass index (BMI) trajectories from ages 6-15 years and register-based adult-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) and coronary heart disease (CHD) with and without adjustment for adult BMI.

Methods: Child and adult BMI came from two Danish cohorts and 13,205 and 13,438 individuals were included in T2D and CHD analyses, respectively. Trajectories were estimated by latent class modelling.

Early life body size, pubertal timing, and risks of benign breast disease in a large cohort of Danish female adolescents and women.

A high childhood body mass index (BMI) may be protective against benign breast disease (BBD), but little is known about the effects of other early life body size measures. Thus, we examined associations between birthweight, childhood BMI, height, and pubertal timing and BBD risks. We included 171,272 girls, born from 1930 to 1996, from the Copenhagen School Health Records Register, which contains information on birthweight, childhood anthropometry (7-13 years), age at onset of the growth spurt (OGS), and peak height velocity (PHV).

Trajectories of Infant Weight Gain from Birth to 12 Months and Adult-Onset Coronary Heart Disease.

Objective: To investigate associations between infant weight gain trajectories and coronary heart disease (CHD).

Study Design: We followed 3645 Danish individuals born between 1959 and 1961 with information on weight at birth and at age 2 weeks and 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, or 12 months. Sex-specific weight trajectories were generated using latent class modeling.

Associations of maternal birth weight, childhood height, BMI, and change in height and BMI from childhood to pregnancy with risks of preterm delivery.

Background: It remains unknown whether maternal early life body size and changes in height and BMI from childhood to pregnancy are associated with risks of having a preterm delivery.

Objectives: We investigated whether a woman's birth weight, childhood height, BMI, and changes in height and BMI from childhood to pregnancy were associated with preterm delivery.

Methods: We studied 47,947 nulliparous women born from 1940 to 1996 who were included in the Copenhagen School Health Records Register with information on birth weight and childhood heights and weights at ages 7 and/or 13 years.

Birthweight, Childhood Body Mass Index, Height and Growth, and Risk of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

Introduction: Adult obesity is linked with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), but the importance of body size at ages before PCOS is diagnosed is unknown.

Objective: To investigate associations between a woman's own birthweight, childhood body mass index (BMI), height and growth patterns in relation to her risk of PCOS.

Methods: We included 65,665 girls from the Copenhagen School Health Records Register, born in the period 1960-1996, with information on birthweight and measured weight and height at the ages of 7-13 years.

Associations between body mass index and height during childhood and adolescence and the risk of coronary heart disease in adulthood: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Body mass index (BMI) at child and adolescent ages is positively associated with adult coronary heart disease (CHD) whereas height at these ages may be inversely associated with CHD. However, potential effects of age, sex, and socioeconomic status on associations between BMI and CHD are less investigated. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of BMI and height at ages 2-19 years in relation to adult CHD and examined effects of age, sex, socioeconomic status, and other factors.

Risk of gestational diabetes mellitus in nulliparous women - Associations with early life body size and change in body mass index from childhood to adulthood.

Aims: We examined whether a woman's birthweight, childhood height, body mass index (BMI), and BMI changes from childhood to pregnancy were associated with risks of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

Methods: We studied 13,031 women from the Copenhagen School Health Records Register born 1959-1996 with birthweight and measured anthropometric information at ages 7 and/or 13. The diagnosis of GDM (n = 255) was obtained from a national health register.

Associations between body mass index trajectories in childhood and cardiovascular risk factors in adulthood.

Background And Aims: Children with a growth trajectory of overweight have higher levels of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors than children with a normal-weight trajectory. However, less is known about how trajectories of body mass index (BMI) across the rest of the BMI spectrum relate to CVD risk factors and whether adult BMI affects these associations. Our aim was to examine associations between childhood BMI trajectories and adult CVD risk factors.

Associations of childhood BMI and change in BMI from childhood to adulthood with risks of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy.

Background: Maternal overweight (including obesity) is an established risk factor for gestational hypertension and pre-eclampsia. However, it is largely unknown whether body size before adulthood relates to these diseases.

Objectives: We examined whether childhood BMI (in kg/m2) and changes in BMI from childhood to adulthood were associated with gestational hypertension and pre-eclampsia.

Body mass index and height in relation to type 2 diabetes by levels of intelligence and education in a large cohort of Danish men.

Socioeconomic status (SES) is inversely associated with risks of type 2 diabetes (T2D). We investigated if young men's cognitive function, measured by intelligence test scores and educational level, as determinants of SES modified associations between body mass index (BMI) and height with the risk of T2D. 369 989 young men from the Danish Conscription Database born between 1939 and 1959 with information on measured height, weight, intelligence test scores, and education were linked to the Danish National Patient Register.

Possible Modifiers of the Association Between Change in Weight Status From Child Through Adult Ages and Later Risk of Type 2 Diabetes.

Objective: We investigated the association between changes in weight status from childhood through adulthood and subsequent type 2 diabetes risks and whether educational attainment, smoking, and leisure time physical activity (LTPA) modify this association.

Research Design And Methods: Using data from 10 Danish and Finnish cohorts including 25,283 individuals, childhood BMI at 7 and 12 years was categorized as normal or high using age- and sex-specific cutoffs (<85th or ≥85th percentile). Adult BMI (20-71 years) was categorized as nonobese or obese (<30.

Birthweight, childhood overweight, height and growth and adult cancer risks: a review of studies using the Copenhagen School Health Records Register.

Background: Most identified risk factors for cancer primarily occur in adulthood. As cancers generally have long latency periods, it is possible that risk factors acting earlier in life and accumulation of risks across the life course are important. Thus, focusing only on adult overweight as a modifiable risk factor may overlook childhood as an important aetiologic time window when body size is relevant for future cancer risks.

Nonpharmacological Interventions Addressing Pain, Sleep, and Quality of Life in Children and Adolescents with Primary Headache: A Systematic Review.

Purpose: Children and adolescents with primary headache are at risk of persistent somatic symptoms and reduced quality of life (Qol) due to pain and pain-related behaviors, such as avoiding school and activities. Sleep is essential to health, and children and adolescents with primary headaches have more sleep complaints than do healthy controls. A treatment approach that addresses multifactorial causes is likely important.