Nationwide Incidence and Outcomes of Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 Requiring Intensive Care in Iceland.

Objectives: To determine the nationwide demographics and hospital mortality of patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection requiring admission to the ICU for coronavirus disease 2019 in Iceland.

Design: Prospective observational study.

Setting: All ICUs in Iceland (Landspitali University Hospital and Akureyri Regional Hospital).

Tuning of shell thickness of solid lipid particles impacts the chemical stability of encapsulated ω-3 fish oil.

Hypothesis: This study demonstrates that tuning the shell thickness of lipid particles can modulate their oxidative stability. We hypothesized that a thick crystallized shell around the incorporated fish oil would improve the oxidative stability due to the reduced diffusion of prooxidants and oxygen.

Experiments: We prepared solid lipid nanoparticles (5%w/w lipid phase, 1.

Influence of co-surfactants on crystallization and stability of solid lipid nanoparticles.

Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to find a suitable co-surfactant to replace non-food grade bile salts in solid lipid nanoparticle (SLN) formulations. The hypothesis was that the molecular structure and physical properties of co-surfactant modulate the stabilization of SLNs upon polymorphic transition.

Experiments: Tristearin SLNs were prepared by using two main surfactants: saturated high-melting lecithin, and unsaturated low-melting lecithin.

Formation of solid shell nanoparticles with liquid ω-3 fatty acid core.

A major challenge for food and pharmaceutical industries is the engineering of nanostructures that can efficiently encapsulate bioactive compounds with enhanced physical and chemical stability, and high load. The influence of surfactant properties on the physical and chemical stability of (i) nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) containing tristearin and ω-3 fish oil, (ii) tristearin solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN), and (iii) ω-3 fish oil-in-water emulsions was investigated. As surfactants we used low (LM)- and high-melting (HM) lecithins.

[Intensive care patients with influenza A (H1N1) infection in Iceland 2009].

Background: We describe the main characteristics of patients that required intensive care due to the influenza (H1N1) outbreak in 2009.

Methods: Retrospective and prospective analysis of medical records from patients admitted to ICU with positive RT-PCR for (H1N1).

Results: During a six week period in the fall of 2009, 16 patients were admitted to intensive care in Iceland with confirmed H1N1 infection.

[Energy expenditure and nutritional support in intensive care patients].

Study Objectives: Nutritional support of ICU patients is usually guided by estimations of their caloric needs. However, recent studies have shown that energy expenditure (EE) of critically ill patients is not as high as previously thought. The goal of this study was to measure EE in ICU patients, compare it with estimated EE and evaluate nutritional support.