Large extracellular vesicles from induced pluripotent stem cell-marrow stem cells enhance limb angiogenesis via ERK/MAPK.

This study aims to investigate the effects of large extracellular vesicles (EVs) induced by pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells on lower limb ischemic disease and explore its potential mechanisms. The pathology of muscles was accessed by H&E staining and immunofluorescence staining. , we conducted wound-healing assay, tube formation assay, RT qPCR, ELISA, RNA sequencing and proteomic analysis.

Large extracellular vesicles secreted by human iPSC-derived MSCs ameliorate tendinopathy regulating macrophage heterogeneity.

Tendinopathy is a common musculoskeletal disorder which results in chronic pain and reduced performance. The therapeutic effect of stem cell derived-small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) for tendinopathy has been validated in recent years. However, whether large extracellular vesicles (lEVs), another subset of extracellular vesicles, possesses the ability for the improvement of tendinopathy remains unknown.

Early Emergent and Progressive Aberrant Subchondral Bone Remodeling Coupled with Aggravated Cartilage Degeneration in Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip.

Objective: Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is the most common skeletal development in children and could result in secondary osteoarthritis. This study aims to clarify the alternations of subchondral trabecular bone remodeling and microstructural properties during the development of DDH, and the potential influence of these alternations on the overlying cartilage degeneration and DDH progression.

Design: Traditional straight-leg swaddling method was adopted to establish DDH model in newborn Sprague Dawley rats.

Small extracellular vesicles from iPSC-derived mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate tendinopathy pain by inhibiting mast cell activation.

This study aimed to explore the effect of small extracellular vesicles from induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells (iMSC-sEVs) on acute pain and investigate the underlying mechanisms. The pathology of tendons was accessed by hematoxylin and eosin staining, immunohistochemical and immunofluorescent staining. The pain degree was measured by pain-related behaviors.

Machine Learning Algorithm Guiding Local Treatment Decisions to Reduce Pain for Lung Cancer Patients with Bone Metastases, a Prospective Cohort Study.

Introduction: As life expectancy increases for lung cancer patients with bone metastases, the need for personalized local treatment to reduce pain is expanding.

Methods: Patients were treated by a multidisciplinary team (MDT), and local treatment including surgery, percutaneous osteoplasty, or radiation. Visual analog scale (VAS) and quality of life (QoL) scores were analyzed.

Mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes ameliorate intervertebral disc degeneration through inhibiting pyroptosis.

Mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs)-based therapies have shown a promised result for intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) treatment. However, its molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Exosomes involve cell-cell communication via transference of its contents among different cells, and the present potential effect on cell death regulation.

Small extracellular vesicles secreted by human iPSC-derived MSC enhance angiogenesis through inhibiting STAT3-dependent autophagy in ischemic stroke.

Background: Small extracellular vesicles (sEV) secreted by mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC, iMSC-sEV) are considered to have great potential in treating ischemic diseases. Angiogenesis play an important role in post-stroke recovery. However, no studies have yet been conducted to systemically examine the effect and the underlying mechanism of iMSC-sEV on angiogenesis under brain ischemia conditions.

ESC-sEVs Rejuvenate Senescent Hippocampal NSCs by Activating Lysosomes to Improve Cognitive Dysfunction in Vascular Dementia.

Vascular dementia (VD) is one of the most common types of dementia, however, the intrinsic mechanism is unclear and there is still lack of effective medications. In this study, the VD rats exhibit a progressive cognitive impairment, as well as a time-related increasing in hippocampal neural stem cells (H-NSCs) senescence, lost and neurogenesis decline. Then, embryonic stem cell-derived small extracellular vesicles (ESC-sEVs) are intravenously injected into VD rats.

Down-regulation of LINC00472 promotes osteosarcoma tumorigenesis by reducing FOXO1 expressions via miR-300.

Background: Osteosarcoma (OS) is one of the most common types of primary bone tumors which poses negative effects on the bones of both young children and adolescents. LncRNA LINC00472 has been reported to be involved with poor prognostics in breast cancer and ovarian cancer. As a new lncRNA, its role in OS remains to be elusive.

Interleukin-6 Serum Levels Are Elevated in Individuals with Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy and Are Correlated with Symptom Severity.

BACKGROUND Few studies have investigated systemic inflammation levels in degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM). This study evaluated the concentration of inflammatory cytokines in DCM patients and assessed whether they can predict symptom severity. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 40 consecutive DCM patients and 10 healthy volunteers were included in this study.

CPNE1 silencing inhibits the proliferation, invasion and migration of human osteosarcoma cells.

Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignancy of the bone affecting children and adolescents. Copine 1 (CPNE1) is a highly conserved calcium-dependent phospholipid-binding protein and may function in regulating signal transduction and membrane trafficking. In the present study, we investigated CPNE1 expression in osteosarcoma tissues and cells, and studied the effects of small interfering RNA (siRNA)-targeting CPNE1 on proliferation, metastasis and chemosensitivity of the osteosarcoma cells.

Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as a Novel Potential Therapeutic Tool for Tissue Repair.

Stem cells, with their therapeutic potential in tissue repair and regeneration, have been widely used in translational medicine. Recent evidence suggests that the beneficial effects are mediated largely by their paracrine actions rather than the engraftment and differentiation at the injured sites. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), actively released from cells, play important roles in cell-to-cell communication and display multiple functions in tissue regeneration.

An in situ photocrosslinkable platelet rich plasma - Complexed hydrogel glue with growth factor controlled release ability to promote cartilage defect repair.

Unlabelled: The repair of articular cartilage injury is a great clinical challenge. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has attracted much attention for the repair of articular cartilage injury, because it contains various growth factors that are beneficial for wound repair. However, current administration methods of PRP have many shortcomings, such as unstable biological fixation and burst release of growth factors, all of which complicate its application in the repair of articular cartilage and compromise its therapeutic efficacy.

Integration of stem cell-derived exosomes with in situ hydrogel glue as a promising tissue patch for articular cartilage regeneration.

The regeneration of articular cartilage, which scarcely shows innate self-healing ability, is a great challenge in clinical treatment. Stem cell-derived exosomes (SC-Exos), an important type of extracellular nanovesicle, exhibit great potential for cartilage regeneration to replace stem cell-based therapy. Cartilage regeneration often takes a relatively long time and there is currently no effective administration method to durably retain exosomes at cartilage defect sites to effectively exert their reparative effect.

Comparison of exosomes secreted by induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells and synovial membrane-derived mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of osteoarthritis.

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disease worldwide. In the past decade, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been used widely for the treatment of OA. A potential mechanism of MSC-based therapies has been attributed to the paracrine secretion of trophic factors, in which exosomes may play a major role.

Exosomes/tricalcium phosphate combination scaffolds can enhance bone regeneration by activating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.

Background: Recently, accumulating evidence has shown that exosomes, the naturally secreted nanocarriers of cells, can exert therapeutic effects in various disease models in the absence of parent cells. However, application of exosomes in bone defect repair and regeneration has been rarely reported, and little is known regarding their underlying mechanisms.

Methods: Exosomes derived from human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hiPS-MSC-Exos) were combined with tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) to repair critical-sized calvarial bone defects, and the efficacy was assessed by histological examination.

Ligustrazine Inhibits Cartilage Endplate Hypertrophy via Suppression of TGF-β1.

CEP hypertrophy is one of the characteristics of intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). LIG exerts a protective effect on IDD in animal model. The effect of LIG on CEP hypertrophy is further investigated in the present study.

Optimization and Biodistribution of [(11)C]-TKF, An Analog of Tau Protein Imaging Agent [(18)F]-THK523.

The quantification of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) using specific PET tracers can facilitate the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and allow monitoring of disease progression and treatment efficacy. [(18)F]-THK523 has shown high affinity and selectivity for tau pathology. However, its high retention in white matter, which makes simple visual inspection difficult, may limit its use in research or clinical settings.

Vitamin D receptor BsmI polymorphism and osteoporosis risk in post-menopausal women.

Introduction: Many studies have suggested that the vitamin D receptor polymorphism BsmI might be associated with the risk of osteoporosis development in post-menopausal women. However, the results have been inconsistent. The aim of this meta-analysis was to derive a more precise evaluation of the relationship.

Novel esophageal squamous cell carcinoma bone metastatic clone isolated by scintigraphy, X ray and micro PET/CT.

Aim: To establish a Chinese esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cell line with high bone metastasis potency using (99m)Tc-methylene diphosphonate ((99m)Tc-MDP) micro-pinhole scintigraphy, X ray and micro-positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) for exploring the mechanism of occurrence and development in esophageal cancer.

Methods: The cells came from a BALB/c nu/nu immunodeficient mouse, and oncogenic tumor tissue was from a surgical specimen from a 61-year-old male patient with ESCC. The cell growth curve was mapped and analysis of chromosome karyotype was performed.

Short-term outcomes of en bloc resection of solitary bone metastases in limbs.

Background: To evaluate the pain, quality of life (QOL), and limb function of patients after en bloc resection of solitary metastatic bone cancer in the limbs.

Material/methods: A total of 27 patients with solitary metastatic bone cancer in the limbs were recruited. All these patients underwent limb-salvage surgery with en bloc resection of the metastatic tumor.

Anterior Z-plate and titanic mesh fixation for acute burst thoracolumbar fracture.

Study Design: A retrospective study.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical outcome, effectiveness, and security of the surgical management of acute thoracolumbar burst fracture with corpectomy, titanic mesh autograft, and Z-plate fixation by anterior approach.

Summary Of Background Data: Many surgical methods were adopted to treat acute burst thoracolumbar fracture.

Extensive posterolateral exposure and total removal of the giant extraforaminal dumbbell tumors of cervical spine: surgical technique in a series of 16 patients.

Background Context: Removal of cervical dumbbell tumors can be particularly challenging because of unique exposure requirements and proximity of the vertebral artery (VA). There are no reports describing the treatment of giant cervical spine dumbbell tumors (CSDTs).

Purpose: To introduce an extensive posterolateral approach to CSDTs involving total lateral mass resection and laminectomy.