Publications by authors named "Bita Mesgarpour"

Introduction: This study measures the COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness (CVE) against hospital admission and severe COVID-19.

Methods: This study is a test-negative case-control design using data from eight provinces in April, 2021 until March, 2022. The individuals were classified as cases and controls based on the results of the RT-PCR test for SARS-CoV-2 and matched based on the timing of the test being conducted as well as the timing of hospital admission.

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Polypharmacy, defined here as the concomitant use of five or more medications, is a significant health issue, particularly affecting individuals with chronic diseases like hypertension (HTN). To compare individuals with and without HTN in term of polypharmacy, and to investigate correlates of polypharmacy and medication use patterns in individuals with HTN in southwest Iran. This cross-sectional study used the baseline data of 9270 participants of the Pars Cohort Study (PCS) with a mean age of 52.

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Background: Drug data has been used to estimate the prevalence of chronic diseases. Disease registries and annual surveys are lacking, especially in less-developed regions. At the same time, insurance drug data and self-reports of medications are easily accessible and inexpensive.

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Background: We investigated acute poisonings resulting from medications affecting the nervous system and illicit substances at Loghman Hakim Hospital in Tehran.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patient records at Iran's largest tertiary toxicology referral center between January 2010 and December 2015. We analyzed the prevalence, trend, age and gender distribution of acute poisoning caused by nervous system agents.

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Background: Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) is a common chronic condition. Its chronic nature may affect the pattern of medication use. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, associated factors, and patterns of polypharmacy and medication use among GERD patients in southwestern Iran.

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Background: Although polypharmacy is considered a major predictor of irrational use of drugs, little is known about polypharmacy in developing regions. We aimed to indicate the prevalence and correlates of polypharmacy and to determine the medication profile at the population level in southern Iran.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we analyzed data from participants of the Pars Cohort Study (PCS) (aged above 40 years, N=9269).

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Background: Assessment of quality and cost of medical care has become a core health policy concern. We conducted a nationwide survey to assess these measures in Iran as a developing country. To present the protocol for the Iran Quality of Care in Medicine Program (IQCAMP) study, which estimates the quality, cost, and utilization of health services for seven diseases in Iran.

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Article Synopsis
  • Lockdowns during the COVID-19 pandemic led to many dental offices closing, prompting this study to examine the relationship between these lockdowns and online searches for "toothache" using Google Trends.
  • The study analyzed search data from 16 countries over the past five years, particularly focusing on periods of lockdown, and employed statistical methods to assess changes in search volumes.
  • Results indicated a significant increase in online searches for toothache in 2020 compared to previous years, highlighting the potential urgency for dental care during health crises.
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Background: Polypharmacy in patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) has been linked to several adverse outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the pattern of medication use and prevalence of polypharmacy among CVDs patients in Iran.

Method: We used the baseline data of the Pars cohort study (PCS).

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  • Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are considered the most reliable form of evidence, but they can have risks of bias (RoB), which can be assessed through systematic reviews.
  • This study examined RCTs conducted in Iran, focusing on their characteristics and levels of RoB as reported in Cochrane Reviews (CRs).
  • Findings showed that a significant percentage of RCTs in Iran displayed high or unclear RoB across various categories, highlighting the need to improve the methodological quality of RCTs in the country.
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Objective: Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a life-threatening infectious disease. Treatment requires multiple antimicrobial agents used for extended periods of time. The present study sought to evaluate the treatment success rate of bedaquiline-based regimens in MDR-TB patients.

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Background: In the present COVID-19 crisis, one of the greatest challenges for research funding at both the international and national level is selecting the best research topic to achieve efficiency and equity in health research and to address the knowledge gap urgently raised due to the event. Despite international recommendations, countries should consider their context-specific situation and define local research priorities. We aimed to exercise a priority-setting activity to identify the knowledge gaps and suggest research priorities in response to the COVID-19 epidemic in Iran.

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Background: Today, academic social network sites' role in improving the quality of education and how investigators conduct their research has become more critical.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate Iranian health researchers' requirements for academic social network sites from a low-income country perspective.

Methods: This qualitative study with a phenomenological approach was done in 2020.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study evaluated the Risk of Bias (RoB) in randomized clinical trials found in Cochrane systematic reviews for oral health, assessing 2,565 trials published by June 1, 2020.
  • Most studies had sample sizes of 50 or more, and 907 were classified as double-blind; however, 31.4% exhibited high performance bias, with nearly half showing a high Overall Risk of Bias (ORoB).
  • Results indicated that studies using placebos and those designed as double or triple-blind had better outcomes, while crossover studies had the highest percentage of low ORoB, suggesting significant areas for improvement in research quality.
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  • - The study investigated the prevalence and perception of research misconduct among medical faculty in Iran using a nationwide survey sent to nearly 5,000 members, resulting in a 13.8% response rate.
  • - Findings revealed that about 70% of respondents believed their research quality could improve without publication pressure, and 72.1% reported awareness of misconduct instances in the past year.
  • - The survey identified "pressure for tenure" as a major factor influencing research misconduct, with only 18.5% of participants rating their organization's effectiveness in addressing such misconduct as high or very high.
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  • The study highlights the issue of underreporting of Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) and its impact on pharmacovigilance in Iran from 1999 to 2017.
  • ADR reporting increased over the years, reaching 15.3 per 100,000 inhabitants in 2017, but overall reporting remains low due to a significant estimated underreporting rate of 76%.
  • The findings suggest that only about one in four detected ADRs were reported, indicating a need for improved reporting practices in the pharmacovigilance system.
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Background: In November 2018, the United States withdrew from the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), known commonly as the Iran nuclear deal, and imposed severe sanctions on Iran. This study explores the impact of US sanctions in Iran's health research system.

Methods: This phenomenological study interviewed 24 Iranian health science scholars through purposeful sampling to learn about their experiences and thoughts regarding the impact of US sanctions on Iran's health research system.

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Background: Evaluating a pharmacovigilance system helps identify its deficiencies and could facilitate measures to remedy and improve the quantity and quality of adverse drug reaction (ADR) reports and other opportunities for pharmacovigilance systems strengthening. This study aimed to evaluate the status of pharmacovigilance in Iran using the World Health Organization (WHO) pharmacovigilance indicators with the prospect of identifying the gaps and areas for improvement.

Methods: This study was conducted in 2 parts.

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Assessment of scientific misconduct is considered to be an increasingly important topic in medical sciences. Providing a definition for scientific research misconduct and proposing practical methods for evaluating and measuring it in various fields of medicine discipline are required. This study aimed at assessing the psychometric properties of Scientific Research Misconduct-Revised (SMQ-R) and Publication Pressure Questionnaires (PPQ).

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Producing evidence in epidemics is crucial to control the current epidemic and prevent its recurrence in the future. Data must be collected and analyzed rapidly to recognize the most efficient and feasible methods with proper timelines. However, there are many challenges a research system may encounter during a crisis.

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Healthcare decision-making is a process that mainly depends on evidence and involves increasing numbers of stakeholders, including the consumers. Cochrane evidence responds to this challenge by identifying, appraising, integrating and synthesizing high-quality evidence. Recently, a collaborative effort has been initiated in Iran with Cochrane to establish a representative local entity.

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Purpose: Underreporting is the major limitation of a voluntary adverse drug reaction (ADR) reporting system. Many studies have assessed the effectiveness of different interventions designed to improve ADR reporting. The aim of this study was to systematically map interventions and strategies to improve ADR reporting among health care professionals.

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