Effect of Multimodal Prehabilitation on Muscle Mass in Rectal Cancer Patients Receiving Neoadjuvant Treatment.

Colorectal cancer is the second most prevalent type of cancer in the world. Surgical complications occur in up to 50% of patients which results in increased morbidity, mortality, and poor health-related quality of life. The negative impact on survival and physical function is exacerbated in those receiving neoadjuvant treatment.

Nanotechnology-driven Microemulsion Based Intranasal Delivery to Neurotechnology-driven Neuralink: Strategies to Improve Management of Neurodegenerative Disorders.

Neurodegenerative disorder refers to malfunctioning of neurons their degradation leading to death of neurons. Among various neurodegenerative disorders APHD (Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's Disease) are particularly concerning due to their progressive and debilitating nature. The therapeutic agent used for treatment and management of APHD often show unsatisfactory clinical outcome owing to poor solubility and limited permeability across blood brain barrier (BBB).

Influence of Essential Oil Composition on Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of Three Cultivars of Cymbopogon Flexuosus: In Vitro and In Silico Study.

The present study investigates and compares the chemical composition, antioxidant, and antibacterial properties of lemongrass essential oils (LEOs) extracted from fresh leaves of three cultivars of C. flexuosus: Krishna (CF-KA), Cauvery (CF-CA), and Nima (CF-NI), grown in Chhattisgarh plains. Analysis through gas chromatography techniques revealed that citral content was highest in CF-NI (79.

Smart solutions in hypertension diagnosis and management: a deep dive into artificial intelligence and modern wearables for blood pressure monitoring.

Hypertension, a widespread cardiovascular issue, presents a major global health challenge. Traditional diagnosis and treatment methods involve periodic blood pressure monitoring and prescribing antihypertensive drugs. Smart technology integration in healthcare offers promising results in optimizing the diagnosis and treatment of various conditions.

Triple Blockade of Oncogenic RAS Signaling Using KRAS and MEK Inhibitors in Combination with Irradiation in Pancreatic Cancer.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the deadliest of human malignancies and carries an exceptionally poor prognosis. It is mostly driven by multiple oncogenic alterations, with the highest mutation frequency being observed in the KRAS gene, which is a key oncogenic driver of tumorogenesis and malignant progression in PDAC. However, KRAS remained undruggable for decades until the emergence of G12C mutation specific KRAS inhibitors.

Neuropilin2 in Mesenchymal Stromal Cells as a Potential Novel Therapeutic Target in Myelofibrosis.

Bone marrow fibrosis in myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN), myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), MPN/MDS overlap syndromes and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is associated with poor prognosis and early treatment failure. Myelofibrosis (MF) is accompanied by reprogramming of multipotent bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) into osteoid and fiber-producing stromal cells. We demonstrate NRP2 and osteolineage marker NCAM1 (neural cell adhesion molecule 1) expression within the endosteal niche in normal bone marrow and aberrantly in MPN, MDS MPN/MDS overlap syndromes and AML ( = 99), as assessed by immunohistochemistry.

The utility of coronary artery calcium scoring to enhance cardiovascular risk assessment for South Asian adults.

South Asian individuals represent a highly diverse population and are one of the fastest growing ethnic groups in the United States. This population has a high prevalence of traditional and non-traditional cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and a disproportionately high prevalence of coronary heart disease. To reflect this, current national society guidelines have designated South Asian ancestry as a "risk enhancing factor" which may be used to guide initiation or intensification of statin therapy.

Sustainable Bio-Based Adsorbents for Simultaneous and Efficient Removal of Hazardous Dyes from Aqueous Solutions.

Dyes provide a notable environmental issue as a result of their intrinsic poisonous and carcinogenic characteristics. An estimated 60,000 metric tons of dyes has been discharged into the environment, leading to a substantial increase in water pollution. The mitigation of these dyes is a substantial and intricate challenge.

Physiological and molecular insights into the allelopathic effects on agroecosystems under changing environmental conditions.

Allelopathy is a natural phenomenon of competing and interfering with other plants or microbial growth by synthesizing and releasing the bioactive compounds of plant or microbial origin known as allelochemicals. This is a sub-discipline of chemical ecology concerned with the effects of bioactive compounds produced by plants or microorganisms on the growth, development and distribution of other plants and microorganisms in natural communities or agricultural systems. Allelochemicals have a direct or indirect harmful effect on one plant by others, especially on the development, survivability, growth, and reproduction of species through the production of chemical inhibitors released into the environment.

Systematic quantification of differences in shear wave elastography estimates between linear-elastic and viscoelastic material assumptionsa).

Quantitative, accurate, and standardized metrics are important for reliable shear wave elastography (SWE)-based biomarkers. For over two decades, the linear-elastic material assumption has been employed in SWE modes. In recent years, viscoelasticity estimation methods have been adopted in a few clinical systems.

Epigenetic dynamics of aging and cancer development: current concepts from studies mapping aging and cancer epigenomes.

Purpose Of Review: This review emphasizes the role of epigenetic processes as incidental changes occurring during aging, which, in turn, promote the development of cancer.

Recent Findings: Aging is a complex biological process associated with the progressive deterioration of normal physiological functions, making age a significant risk factor for various disorders, including cancer. The increasing longevity of the population has made cancer a global burden, as the risk of developing most cancers increases with age due to the cumulative effect of exposure to environmental carcinogens and DNA replication errors.

Characterization of Complete Mitochondrial Genome of Badri Breed of Bos indicus (Bovidae: Bovinae): Selection Pressure and Comparative Analysis.

High-altitude mammals are often subject to specific environmental obstacles, which exert selective pressure on their physiological and morphological traits, hence driving their evolutionary processes. It is anticipated that these circumstances will lead to the adaptive evolution of protein-coding genes (PCGs) in the mitochondrial genome, which play a crucial role in the oxidative phosphorylation system. In this study, we have generated the complete mitochondrial genome of the Badri breed of Bos indicus inhabiting a high-altitude environment to test the signatures of adaptive evolution on PCGs and their phylogenetic relationships.

Viscoelastic Characterization of Phantoms for Ultrasound Elastography Created Using Low- and High-Viscosity Poly(vinyl alcohol) with Ethylene Glycol as the Cryoprotectant.

Ultrasound elastography enables noninvasive characterization of the tissue mechanical properties. Phantoms are widely used in ultrasound elastography for developing, testing, and validating imaging techniques. Creating phantoms with a range of viscoelastic properties relevant to human organs and pathological conditions remains an active area of research.

Tissue-location-specific transcription programs drive tumor dependencies in colon cancer.

Cancers of the same tissue-type but in anatomically distinct locations exhibit different molecular dependencies for tumorigenesis. Proximal and distal colon cancers exemplify such characteristics, with BRAF predominantly occurring in proximal colon cancers along with increased DNA methylation phenotype. Using mouse colon organoids, here we show that proximal and distal colon stem cells have distinct transcriptional programs that regulate stemness and differentiation.

Nutritional analysis of rice landraces from southern Odisha, India.

Rice landraces conserved by tribal farmers are important for their nutritional richness. Landraces are rich in essential amino acids, vitamins, anthocyanins, and flavonoids useful to cure noncommunicable diseases and metabolic disorders. A study was carried out with 10 rice landraces from the tribal-dominated belt of Southern Odisha to investigate grain nutrition, proximate composition, and vitamin and mineral contents.

Neuroinflammation and Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory Potentials of a Spiroketal-Enol Ether Polyyne Isolated from Artemisia pallens Wall. ex DC.

Artemisia pallens Wall. ex DC (Asteraceae) is cultivated for the production of high-value essential oil from its aerial biomass. In this study, the chemical composition of the root (crop-residue) essential oil was investigated for the first time, using column-chromatography, GC-FID, GC-MS, LC-QTOF, and NMR techniques, which led to the identification of twenty constituents, with isolation of (E)-2-(2',4'-hexadiynylidene)-1,6-dioxaspiro [4.

The triggering pathway, the metabolic amplifying pathway, and cellular transduction in regulation of glucose-dependent biphasic insulin secretion.

Introduction: Insulin secretion is a highly regulated process critical for maintaining glucose homeostasis. This abstract explores the intricate interplay between three essential pathways: The Triggering Pathway, The Metabolic Amplifying Pathway, and Cellular Transduction, in orchestrating glucose-dependent biphasic insulin secretion.

Mechanism: During the triggering pathway, glucose metabolism in pancreatic beta-cells leads to ATP production, closing ATP-sensitive potassium channels and initiating insulin exocytosis.

Lanthanide Metal-Organic Frameworks Exhibiting Fluoro-Bridged Extended Chains: Synthesis, Crystal Structures, and Magnetic Properties.

Two fluoro-bridged lanthanide-containing metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) were synthesized using 2,2'-bipyridine-4,4'-dicarboxylic acid (BPDC), a fluorinated modulator, and a lanthanide nitrate. The syntheses of MOFs containing Gd or Tb and a closely related MOF structure containing Ho, Gd, or Tb are presented. The presence of the fluorinated metal chains in these MOFs is shown through single crystal X-ray diffraction, energy dispersion X-ray spectroscopy, F nuclear magnetic resonance, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.

Total ablative stereotactic body radiotherapy to primary and oligometastatic renal cell carcinoma in medically inoperable cases: An institutional analysis.

Introduction: Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) has been found to be an effective and safe modality with excellent oncological outcome in medically inoperable primary renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and oligometastases. There is scarcity of data on the synchronous delivery of SBRT to primary and oligometastatic RCC in patients unfit for nephrectomy. Here, we report the findings of a retrospective study of prospectively collected data on "total ablative SBRT.

Quest for Active Species in Al/B-Catalyzed CO Hydrosilylation.

We demonstrate the catalytic role of aluminum and boron centers in aluminum borohydride [(2-MeCHCH)(CH)Al(μ-H)B(CH)] () during carbon dioxide (CO) hydrosilylation. Preliminary investigations into CO reduction using [(2-MeNCHCH)(H)Al(μ-H)] () and [PhC][B(3,5-CHCl)] () in the presence of EtSiH and PhSiH resulted in CH(OSiR) and CHOSiR, which serve as formaldehyde and methanol surrogates, respectively. In pursuit of identifying the active catalytic species, three compounds, B(3,5-CHCl) (), [(2-MeNCHCH)(3,5-CHCl)Al(μ-H)B(3,5-CHCl)] (), and [(2-MeNCHCH)Al(THF)][B(3,5-CHCl)] (), were isolated.

Combined Experimental and Mechanoelastic Modeling Studies on the Low-Spin Stabilized Mixed Crystals of 3D Oxalate-Based Coordination Materials.

Structural studies involving single-crystal and powder X-ray diffraction analysis have been performed on dehydrated coordination networks of the [NiCo(bpy)][LiCr(ox)] series, 0 ≤ ≤ 1, (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine). The high-symmetry cubic 3D structure of these materials is formed by oxalate anions bridging alternating Cr and Li ions into an anionic framework, which contains large cavities that incorporate the [NiCo(bpy)] cations. Irrespective of the Co/Ni ratio, all of the mixed samples are phase-pure and retain the high-symmetry cubic structure, with the lattice parameters gradually decreasing upon increasing Ni(II) concentration.