Frailty assessment in geriatric trauma patients: comparing the predictive value of the full and a condensed version of the Fried frailty phenotype.

Background: Frailty is associated with multiple negative outcomes in geriatric trauma patients. Simultaneously, frailty assessment including physical measurements for weakness (grip strength) and slowness (gait speed) poses challenges in this vulnerable patient group. We aimed to compare the full 5-component Fried Frailty Phenotype (fFP) and a condensed model (cFP) without physical measurements, with regard to predicting hospital length of stay (LOS) and discharge disposition (DD).

Ferric carboxymaltose with or without phosphate substitution in iron deficiency or iron deficiency anemia before elective surgery - The DeFICIT trial.

Background: Iron deficiency anemia in the perioperative setting is treated predominantly with intravenous iron formulation, of which ferric carboxymaltose may induce hypophosphatemia by modulating fibroblast growth factor 23.

Methods: In this single-center, prospective, randomized, double-blind trial, we consented 92 adult patients scheduled for elective major abdominal or thoracic surgery. These patients either had isolated iron deficiency (plasma ferritin <100 ng/mL or transferrin saturation < 20 %) or iron deficiency anemia (hemoglobin (Hb) 100-130 g/L with plasma ferritin <100 ng/mL or transferrin saturation < 20 %).

Effect of vitamin D3, omega-3 fatty acids, and exercise on serum sclerostin levels and bone turnover markers.

Context: Sclerostin inhibits canonical Wnt signaling, a pathway promoting bone formation. The effects of vitamin D3, omega-3 fatty acids (omega-3s), and exercise on serum sclerostin levels and bone metabolism are unclear.

Objective: To investigate the effects of 2000 IU/d vitamin D3, 1g/d omega-3s, and a simple home-based strength exercise program (SHEP), alone or in combination, on serum sclerostin and bone turnover marker levels.

Effect of vitamin D, omega-3 supplementation, or a home exercise program on muscle mass and sarcopenia: DO-HEALTH trial.

Background: We aimed to investigate the effect of daily supplemental vitamin D, omega-3s, and a thrice-weekly home exercise program, alone or in combination, on change of appendicular lean muscle mass index (ALMI) and incident sarcopenia in older adults.

Methods: This is a secondary endpoint analysis of a 3-year randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial with a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial design among 2157 community-dwelling, healthy adults aged 70 + years, from 2012 to 2018 (DO-HEALTH). Participants were randomized to 2000 IU/d vitamin D and/or 1 g/d marine omega-3s and/or exercise.

Association between prescription drugs and all-cause mortality risk in the UK population.

Although most drugs currently approved are meant to treat specific diseases or symptoms, it has been hypothesized that some might bear a beneficial effect on lifespan in healthy older individuals, outside of their specific disease indication. Such drugs include, among others, metformin, SGLT2 inhibitors and rapamycin. Since 2006, the UK biobank has recorded prescription medication and mortality data for over 500'000 participants, aged between 40 and 70 years old.

Effect of long-term physical exercise and multidomain interventions on cognitive function and the risk of mild cognitive impairment and dementia in older adults: A systematic review with meta-analysis.

Introduction: Recent studies have suggested that sustained multidomain interventions, including physical exercise, may be beneficial in preventing cognitive decline. This review aims to assess the impact of prolonged physical exercise and multidomain strategies on overall cognitive faculties and dementia risk among community-dwelling older adults without dementia.

Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Web of Science, PsychInfo, and CINHAL databases from inception until April 1, 2024, for randomized controlled trials that investigated the effects of long-term (≥ 12 months) physical exercise or multidomain interventions on non-demented, community-dwelling older adults.

Real-life intrinsic capacity screening data from the ICOPE-Care program.

The Integrated Care for Older People (ICOPE) program is a healthcare pathway that uses a screening test for intrinsic capacity (IC) as its entry point. However, real-life data informing on how IC domains cluster and change over time, as well as their clinical utility, are lacking. Using primary healthcare screening data from more than 20,000 French adults 60 years of age or older, this study identified four clusters of IC impairment: 'Low impairment' (most prevalent), 'Cognition+Locomotion+Hearing+Vision', 'All IC impaired' and 'Psychology+Vitality+Vision'.

Total magnesium intake and risk of frailty in older women.

Background: An adequate magnesium intake might lower the risk of frailty through its role in muscle function.

Methods: We analysed data from 81 524 women aged ≥60 years participating in the Nurses' Health Study. Total magnesium intake was obtained from repeated food frequency questionnaires administered between 1984 and 2010 and self-reported information on supplementation.

Does living alone influence fall risk among Swiss older adults aged 60+? A pooled observational analysis of three RCTs on fall prevention.

Objectives: Falling and living alone have been identified as public health challenges in an ageing society. Our study investigates whether living alone influences fall risk in community-dwelling older adults in Switzerland.

Design And Methods: Secondary analysis of three randomised controlled trials investigating how different doses of vitamin D and an exercise programme may influence the risk of further falls in people 60+ at risk of falling.

Association Between Visual Acuity and Prospective Fall Risk in Generally Healthy and Active Older Adults: The 3-Year DO-HEALTH Study.

Objective: Although aging has a strong impact on visual acuity (VA) and falls, their interaction is understudied in generally healthy older adults. This study aimed to examine if and to what extent baseline VA is associated with an increased risk of all and injurious falls over 3 years in generally healthy community-dwelling older adults.

Design: Observational analysis of DO-HEALTH, a double-blind, randomized controlled trial.

Effects of testosterone and vitamin D on fall risk in pre-frail hypogonadal men: a factorial design RCT.

Objective: To test whether transdermal testosterone at a dose of 75 mg per day and/or monthly 24'000 IU Vitamin D reduces the fall risk in pre-frail hypogonadal men aged 65 and older.

Design: 2 × 2 factorial design randomized controlled trial, follow up of 12 months.

Methods: Hypogonadism was defined as total testosterone <11.

Does Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment Reduce the Incidence of Postoperative Delirium? A Quasi-experimental Study in Older Adults Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation.

Purpose: Postoperative delirium (POD) after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is frequent in older adults and associated with multiple negative outcomes including a higher mortality. We aimed to investigate whether a comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) prior to TAVI reduces the odds of POD and results in a positive change in self-care ability, intended to lay a foundation for future geriatric comanagement.

Patients And Methods: We used a retrospective, single-center study with a quasi-experimental design enrolling patients aged 70 years and older undergoing CGA before elective TAVI, and a nonrandomized comparison group without preoperative CGA.

Specific dairy foods and risk of frailty in older women: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Dairy contains a complex mixture of lipids, proteins, and micronutrients. Whether habitual dairy consumption is associated with health benefits is not well established. Since dairy is high in nutrients that are potentially protective against frailty, the association between dairy products and the risk of frailty is of interest.

Dietary protein and blood pressure: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and evaluation of the evidence.

Introduction: This umbrella review aimed to investigate the evidence of an effect of dietary intake of total protein, animal and plant protein on blood pressure (BP), and hypertension (PROSPERO: CRD42018082395).

Methods: PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Database were systematically searched for systematic reviews (SRs) of prospective studies with or without meta-analysis published between 05/2007 and 10/2022. The methodological quality and outcome-specific certainty of evidence were assessed by the AMSTAR 2 and NutriGrade tools, followed by an assessment of the overall certainty of evidence.

Adherence to the MIND diet and the odds of mild cognitive impairment in generally healthy older adults: The 3-year DO-HEALTH study.

Background: The Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet may slow cognitive decline in older adults. A potential mechanism could be possible anti-inflammatory properties of the MIND-diet.

Objective: To examine whether adherence to the MIND diet at baseline is associated with the odds of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and changes in biomarkers of inflammation (High-sensitivity C-reactive Protein(hsCRP), interleukin-6(IL-6)) over three years in adults ≥70 years.

Effects of vitamin D, omega-3 and a simple strength exercise programme in cardiovascular disease prevention: The DO-HEALTH randomized controlled trial.

Background: The effects of non-pharmaceutical interventions in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in older adults remains unclear. Therefore, the aim was to investigate the effect of 2000 IU/day of vitamin D, omega-3 fatty acids (1 g/day), and a simple home strength exercise program (SHEP) (3×/week) on lipid and CVD biomarkers plasma changes over 3 years, incident hypertension and major cardiovascular events (MACE).

Methods: The risk of MACE (coronary heart event or intervention, heart failure, stroke) was an exploratory endpoint of DO-HEALTH, incident hypertension and change in biomarkers were secondary endpoints.

Validation of the ICEBERG emergency room screening tool for early identification of older patients with geriatric consultation needs.

Background: The growing number of older and oldest-old patients often present in the emergency room (ER) with undiagnosed geriatric syndromes posing them at high risk for complications in acute care.

Objective: To develop and validate an ER screening tool (ICEBERG) to capture 9 geriatric domains of risk in older patients.

Design Setting And Participants: For construct validity we performed a chart-based study in 129 ER patients age 70 years and older admitted to acute geriatric care (pilot 1).

Protein intake and body weight, fat mass and waist circumference: an umbrella review of systematic reviews for the evidence-based guideline on protein intake of the German Nutrition Society.

Purpose: This umbrella review aimed to assess whether dietary protein intake with regard to quantitative (higher vs. lower dietary protein intake) and qualitative considerations (total, plant-based or animal-based protein intake) affects body weight (BW), fat mass (FM) and waist circumference (WC).

Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews for systematic reviews (SRs) with and without meta-analyses of prospective studies published between 04 October 2007 and 04 January 2022.