Better visualization of vermiform appendix with tissue harmonic imaging compared to conventional sonography.

Background: Surgery of appendicitis carries 7-11% negative appendectomy rates. Sonographically visualized normal appendix precludes unnecessary computed tomography (CT) examination and may reduce negative appendectomy rates. Tissue harmonic imaging (THI) has been reported to improve the overall image quality.

ADC evaluation of the corticospinal tract in multiple sclerosis.

Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values derived from diffusion-weighted MR imaging (DWI) provide important information about tissues. The goal of this study was to evaluate the ADC values in the corticospinal tract regions in multiple sclerosis (MS). The ADC values of 42 patients with multiple sclerosis and 46 healthy people were measured.

MRI features of a primary thoracic epidural melanoma: a case report.

We present the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings on a patient with a primary thoracic extradural spinal malignant melanoma. MRI showed a well-defined T1-hyperintense mass that was mostly of low signal on T2-weighted images. Surgery confirmed the presence of a well-encapsulated black-colored lesion which proved to be a melanoma.

Effects of vardenafil on intraocular pressure and orbital hemodynamics.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of vardenafil on systemic blood pressure, intraocular pressure (IOP), and orbital hemodynamics.

Methods: Twenty-one (21) volunteers suffering erectile dysfunction, with an average age of 51.5 +/- 6.

Focal liver lesions evaluated by MR imaging.

Magnetic resonance signal intensity of focal liver lesions is the result of their histological and cytological features. Therefore, analysis of lesion signal intensity and enhancement patterns obtained with magnetic resonance imaging is essential for the differential diagnosis of focal liver lesions. In this article, we review the magnetic resonance imaging features of the most common focal liver lesions.

Effect of oxymetazoline nasal spray on intraocular pressure and retrobulbar hemodynamics.

Objectives: To determine the effect of oxymetazoline nasal spray on intraocular pressure and retrobulbar hemodynamics in patients with open-angle glaucoma and to compare the results with those measured in healthy control participants.

Study Design: Controlled, prospective clinical trial.

Setting: University hospital.

Risky anatomic variations of sphenoid sinus for surgery.

We searched for the surgically risky anatomic variations of sphenoid sinus and aimed to compare axial and coronal tomography in detection of these variations. Fifty-six paranasal tomography images (112 sides) were evaluated for coronal, axial and both coronal and axial images. Tomographic findings including bony septum extending to optic canal or internal carotid artery; protrusions and dehiscences of the walls of internal carotid artery, optic nerve, maxillary nerve and vidian nerve; extreme medial course of internal carotid artery; patterns of aeration of the anterior clinoid process; and Onodi cells were evaluated.

Prevalence of primary tethered cord syndrome associated with occult spinal dysraphism in primary school children in Turkey.

The prevalence and associated factors of primary tethered cord syndrome (PTCS) in primary school children were investigated. A cross-sectional study was performed in four demographically different primary schools in Turkey. Demographic, familial and physical data were collected from 5,499 children based on enuresis as a predominant symptom and dermatologic and orthopedic signs as clues of occult spinal dysraphism.

Transient arterial enhancement in a hepatic peritumoral fat-spared area.

Early-enhancing areas that are perfusion abnormalities rather than tumor deposit are sometimes encountered on arterial dominant-phase images in multisection dynamic magnetic resonance imaging. Focal sparing in diffusely fatty liver is also a well recognized entity. However, both conditions occasionally create problems in the diagnosis of hepatic mass lesions.

The analysis of anterior skull base from two different perspectives: coronal and reconstructed sagittal computed tomography.

The aim of the study was to determine the heights of the anterior skull base and the distances between the anterior nasal spine and the skull base at three levels by means of coronal and reformatted sagittal images of computed tomography. The present study was performed on coronal and reformatted sagittal CT scans of 30 patients with sinonasal complaints. On the coronal view, the heights of the cribriform plate, the roof of ethmoid, and lateral lamella and the medial take-off angle between the ethmoid roof and cribriform plate were measured at different levels.

Superior mesenteric artery syndrome: CT and ultrasonography findings.

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to describe computed tomography (CT) and ultrasonography findings in superior mesenteric artery syndrome (SMAS).

Materials And Methods: The study was performed on 89 CT examinations. Ultrasonography was performed on 32 and barium study was performed on four of these subjects.

Cerebral hemodynamics in ocular hypertension.

Purpose: To evaluate the cerebral blood flow velocity in patients with ocular hypertension.

Material And Methods: Twenty-four ocular hypertensive patients and 24 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers were recruited in a prospective comparative study. All subjects had normal findings on full-threshold visual field tests and clinically normal optic nerves.

Helicobacter pylori seropositivity and atherosclerosis risk factors.

Certain viral and bacterial infections may contribute to the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. The aim of this study is to determine whether Helicobacter pylori (HP) seropositivity contributes to conventional atherosclerosis risk factors in the development of an early sign of atherosclerosis: intima-media thickness (IMT) of the carotid artery. Eighty-four patients who had at least two conventional atherosclerosis risk factors and a control group of 50 patients having no risk factors for atherosclerosis were enrolled in the study.

Doppler sonography of the normal lacrimal gland.

Purpose: We used Doppler sonography to determine the resistance index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI) of the normal lacrimal artery (LA) in both females and males. We also compared the values obtained at various periods of reproductive life.

Methods: The study was performed in 25 prepubertal girls, 28 females of reproductive age, and 27 postmenopausal women, 23 pregnant women, and 104 healthy males.

Giant abdominal wall abscess dissecting into thorax as a complication of ESWL.

Abscess as a complication of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy is a rare condition. We present the computed tomography findings of an abdominal wall abscess that occurred after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for which prophylactic antibiotics had not been given. The abscess destroyed the posterior abdominal wall muscles and dissected into the thorax.

Contrast media induces hypoperfusion in kidneys with ureteral stone: Doppler US study.

We aimed to assess the hemodynamic effects of nonionic low-osmolarity contrast media (CM) on kidneys with ureteral stone (KUS). A total of 16 patients with KUS (group A) and 25 control patients (group B) were evaluated with Doppler ultrasound (US) bilaterally for main (MRA), interlobar (ILA) and arcuate renal arteries (ARA), before and 15 min after CM for IV pyelography. Peak systolic (PSV) and end diastolic velocities (EDV) and resistance index (RI) were measured.

[Anatomic variations of the colon detected on abdominal CT scans].

Purpose: The frequency of anatomic variations of the colon detected on abdominal CT scans was examined.

Materials And Methods: 296 consequtive abdominal tomography were evaluated prospectively for the presence of retrorenal colon, retrogastric (pancreaticogastric interposition or retrosplenic) colon, high positioned colon, interposition of the colon between the psoas muscle and the kidney and hepatodiaphragmatic interposition (anterior or posterior).

Results: We observed 2 retrogastric colon [1 pancreaticogastric (0.

Quantitative analysis of liposuction with B mode ultrasound.

Background: The objective of this study was to determine whether ultrasonography is a reliable method for monitoring subcutaneous fat thickness in the quantitative analysis of liposuction results.

Methods: Subcutaneous fat thicknesses before and 2 months after liposuction in prespecified areas were measured in 14 patients using a 7.5-MHz ultrasound scanner.

Evaluation of differences between observers and automatic-manual measurements in calculation of Doppler parameters.

Objective: We aimed to search for differences between observers and automatic and manual measurements in calculations of Doppler parameters.

Methods: The middle cerebral artery (MCA), central retinal artery, ophthalmic artery (OA), common carotid artery (CCA), vertebral artery (VA), popliteal artery (PA), interlobar renal artery (IRA), and arcuate renal artery (ARA) were evaluated in 20 healthy subjects bilaterally. Peak systolic velocity (PSV), end-diastolic velocity (EDV), time-averaged maximum velocity (TAMAX), resistive index (RI), and pulsatility index (PI) were measured from the same spectrum manually by 3 observers and automatically.

Short-term effect of latanoprost on ocular circulation in ocular hypertension.

Purpose: To determine the short-term effects of latanoprost on retrobulbar circulation in ocular hypertension.

Methods: Forty-six eyes of 23 consecutive bilateral ocular hypertensive patients with an intraocular pressure (IOP) of greater than 22 mmHg were evaluated in a prospective controlled study. All subjects received a single drop of latanoprost 0.

Smoking prevents the expected postprandial increase in intestinal blood flow: a Doppler sonographic study.

Objective: To assess whether cigarette smoking had an effect on superior mesenteric artery postprandial blood flow.

Methods: Forty-six subjects were studied in 3 groups with Doppler sonography. Group A consisted of nonsmokers; groups B and C consisted of smokers.

Late-onset ureteric urinoma with intermittent jet flow as a complication of ureterolithotomy.

We present the case of a late-onset urinoma in a 47-year-old man with a history of right ureterolithotomy performed 6 months previously, following 2 unsuccessful attempts at extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy. The ipsilateral kidney was nonfunctional and hydronephrotic. The urinoma did not show enhancement on contrast-enhanced CT and intravenous pyelography.

[The effect of aging on the apparent diffusion coefficient of normal appearing white and gray matter].

Purpose: To test if the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values reflect the ultrastructural changes of normal appearing white and gray matter with advancing age.

Materials And Methods: We selected 45 patients with normal MRI and DW imaging findings. DW and MRI imaging was performed and for each patient the average ADC on trace images of the frontal and occipital white matter and the thalamus were compared with increasing patient age.

Effect of region of interest on interobserver variance in apparent diffusion coefficient measures.

Background And Purpose: Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values derived from diffusion-weighted MR imaging are useful measurements for assessment of cellular alterations in pathologic conditions of the brain. In this study, two radiologists independently quantitated ADCs and region-of interest sizes in prespecified locations of human brain to test interobserver ADC variance and the effect of varying ROI sizes on ADC differences.

Methods: Twenty-seven patients with normal MR findings underwent diffusion-weighted imaging (b value = 1000 s/mm(2)) on a 1.

[Pictorial essay: Pneumocephalus].

Imaging in pneumocephalus aids in the diagnosis and management of this condition, which usually results from trauma, iatrogenic causes, infections, tumors, and cranium abnormalities. The role of computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging is especially addressed in this article.