Whey protein protects liver mitochondrial function against oxidative stress in rats exposed to acrolein.

Acrolein (AC) is one of the most toxic environmental pollutants, often associated with incomplete combustion of petrol, wood, and plastic, oil frying, and tobacco smoking, that causes oxidative damage to DNA and mitochondria. Considering that little is known about the protective effects of whey protein (WP) against AC-induced liver toxicity, the aim of our study was to learn more about them in respect to liver mitochondrial oxidative stress, respiratory enzymes, Krebs cycle enzymes, and adenosine triphosphate (ATP). To do that, we treated Sprague Dawley rats with daily doses of AC alone (5 mg/kg bw in 0.

Cerium oxide nanoparticles exert antitumor effects and enhance paclitaxel toxicity and activity against breast cancer cells.

Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeONPs) displayed cytotoxic properties against some cancer cells. However, there is very limited data about the possible antitumoral potential of them in breast cancer cells when used alone and/or together with a chemotherapeutic drug. We investigated the effects of CeONPs alone or in combination with paclitaxel (PAC) on healthy or carcinoma breast cells.

Cytotoxic, genotoxic, and carcinogenic effects of acrylamide on human lung cells.

While an association between acrylamide (AC) exposure and the risk of developing cancer has been shown in some studies, there are very limited data on the relationship between AC exposure and lung cancer risk. Thus, we investigated the cytotoxic, genotoxic, and carcinogenic effects of AC on human lung bronchial epithelial cell line (BEAS-2B cells). AC (5 and 10 mM) significantly decreased the cell viability for all treatment times.

3-Imino derivative-sulfahydantoins: Synthesis, in vitro antibacterial and cytotoxic activities and their DNA interactions.

Sulfahydantoins are five-membered rings found in the structure of chemicals that exhibit antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and anticonvulsant properties. They also activate serine protease enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of peptide bonds. Five 3-imino sulfahydantoin compounds were synthesized by using Strecker synthesis reaction with minor modifications.

Conjugated linoleic acid protects brain mitochondrial function in acrolein induced male rats.

Acrolein (AC) is a toxic substance that can have a neurotoxic effect. It can cause oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), a dietary supplement, has many biological functions.

Trimetazidine alone or in combination with gemcitabine and/or abraxane decreased cell viability, migration and ATP levels and induced apoptosis of human pancreatic cells.

Background: Trimetazidine (TMZ) is an anti-ischemic agent that can inhibit the fatty acid oxidation. It has been stated that inhibition of fatty acid oxidation may be an acceptable approach to cancer treatment.

Methods: We examined the effects of TMZ alone or together with abraxane (ABX) and/or gemcitabine (GEM) on cell viability, apoptosis, adhesion, migration and ATP levels of human pancreatic cancer cell line PANC-1.

Protective effect of Argan oil on mitochondrial function and oxidative stress against acrylamide-induced liver and kidney injury in rats.

Context: Acrylamide (ACR) is now a risk for general public health. Argan oil (AO) is harvested from the fruits of and its rich source of antioxidant and phenolic compounds.

Objective: The aim of present study was to investigate the protective effect of AO against ACR-induced liver and kidney injury in rats.

Clothianidin induces DNA damage and oxidative stress in bronchial epithelial cells.

Clothianidin (CHN) is a member of the neonicotinoid group of insecticides. Its oxidative and DNA damage potential for human lung cells are not known. Therefore, the present study was designed to examine the effects of CHN on DNA damage and oxidative stress in human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) treated with CHN for 24, 72, and 120 hr.

Effects of whey protein and conjugated linoleic acid on acrolein-induced cardiac oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and dyslipidemia in rats.

Acrolein is a ubiquitous environmental pollutant. Whey protein and conjugated linoleic acid are widely used weight-loss supplements. We aimed to evaluate blood lipid profiles, oxidative stress and mitochondrial bioenergetics function in hearts of rats treated with acrolein and/or the weight-loss supplements.

Hepatoprotective effects of capsaicin and alpha-tocopherol on mitochondrial function in mice fed a high-fat diet.

Capsaicin (CAP) and alpha-tocopherol (TOC) have antioxidant properties. We investigated effects of CAP and TOC on mitochondrial oxidative stress and mitochondrial bioenergetics in liver of mice fed HFD. AST, ALT, glucose, homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance index ((HOMA-IR)) and mitochondrial oxidative stress parameters increased, whereas oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) enzymes, tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) enzymes, ATP level and mitochondrial metabolic function (MTT) decreased in mice fed a HFD compared to the fed a standard diet (NC).

Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of clothianidin in human lymphocytes with or without metabolic activation system.

Clothianidin (CHN) is a broad-spectrum neonicotinoid insecticide. Limited studies have been carried out on the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of both CHN using different genotoxicity tests in human cells with or without human metabolic activation system (S9 mix). Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of CHN and its metabolites on human lymphocyte cultures with or without S9 mix using chromosomal aberration (CA) and micronucleus (MN) tests.

Argan oil reduces oxidative stress, genetic damage and emperipolesis in rats treated with acrylamide.

Acrylamide (AA), a well-known toxicant, is present in high-temperature-processed foods in heated foods. Argan oil (AO), a natural vegetable oil, is receiving increasing attention due to its powerful biological properties. However, limited information is available about its effects in lymphoid organs and bone marrow.

Acrolein-induced oxidative stress and genotoxicity in rats: protective effects of whey protein and conjugated linoleic acid.

Acrolein (AC), a highly reactive hazardous pollutant, poses serious threats to human health. Whey protein (WP) and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) have beneficial health implications. We investigated the protective effects of WP and CLA against AC-induced toxicity in rats.

Effects of tartrazine on proliferation and genetic damage in human lymphocytes.

The color additive, tartrazine (TRZ), is widely used in food products, drugs and cosmetics. Genotoxicity of TRZ and its metabolites has not been investigated in detail in the presence and absence of a metabolic activator (S9 mix) in human. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of TRZ and its metabolites on cultured human lymphocytes by using chromosome aberration (CA) and micronucleus (MN) tests.

Effects of argan oil on the mitochondrial function, antioxidant system and the activity of NADPH- generating enzymes in acrylamide treated rat brain.

Argan oil (AO) is rich in minor compounds such as polyphenols and tocopherols which are powerful antioxidants. Acrylamide (ACR) has been classified as a neurotoxic agent in animals and humans. Mitochondrial oxidative stress and dysfunction is one of the most probable molecular mechanisms of neurodegenerative diseases.

Association of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and nerve growth factor gene polymorphisms with susceptibility to migraine.

Migraine is one of the most common neurological diseases worldwide. Migraine pathophysiology is very complex. Genetic factors play a major role in migraine.

Oxidative stress and antioxidant defense in patients with chronic hepatitis B.

Background: Oxidative stress is defined as a disturbance of balance between free radicals and antioxidant defense system. This study investigated oxidative stress in patients with chronic hepatitis B.

Methods: Sixty nine patients with chronic hepatitis B admitted to the Department of the Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology of Medical Faculty of Ondokuz Mayis University were enrolled into study.

Serum prolidase activity and oxidative status in patients with diabetic neuropathy.

We found no data in the literature related to oxidative stress index (OSI), total oxidative status (TOS) and prolidase activity in patients with diabetic neuropathy (DN). In this study, we aimed to evaluate the oxidative status of DN patients via measurement of TOS and serum total antioxidant status (TAS) and estimation of OSI using new automated methods. Thirty-eight healthy participants, 40 diabetic patients without neuropathy, and 39 patients with DN were included.

Effect of hexavalent chromium on the growth and physiological and biochemical parameters on Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala DC.

In order to determine the toxic effect of chromium Cr(VI) on the seed germination, the root and shoot length, the root-cotyledonary leaves, the fresh and dry weight in eight-day-old seedlings Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala DC (kale) were treated with various concentrations of Cr in the growth medium.

Effects of a 900-MHz electromagnetic field on oxidative stress parameters in rat lymphoid organs, polymorphonuclear leukocytes and plasma.

Background And Aims: The present study investigated the effects of a 900-MHz electromagnetic field (EMF) for 2 h/day for 45 days on lymphoid organs (spleen, thymus, bone marrow), polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) and plasma of rats, focusing on changes in the enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant system. We determined whether there is any difference between immature and mature rats in terms of oxidative damage caused by EMF and tested recovery groups to determine whether EMF-induced damage is reversible in immature and mature rats.

Methods: Twenty four immature and 24 mature rats were divided randomly and equally into six groups as follows: two control groups, immature (2 weeks old) and mature (10 weeks old); two groups were exposed to 900 MHz (28.

Viscum album L. extract and quercetin reduce cyclophosphamide-induced cardiotoxicity, urotoxicity and genotoxicity in mice.

Possible protective effects of a methanolic extract of Viscum album (VA) and quercetin (QE) against cyclophosphamide (CP) induced cardiotoxicity, urotoxicity and genotoxicity in mice were evaluated. Mice were administered orally VA (250 mg/kg/day) and QE (50 mg/kg/day) for 10 days alone or in combination with CP. After the same doses of VA and QE given for 7 days, rats were intraperitoneally administered CP (40 mg/kg) on days 8 and 9 of the experiment.

The antioxidant and antigenotoxic effects of pycnogenol(®) on rats treated with cisplatin.

Oxidative stress and inflammation are implicated in the pathogenesis of cisplatin-induced toxicity. Pycnogenol® is known for its strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, the possible protective effects of pycnogenol on kidney, bone marrow, and red blood cells in rats treated with cisplatin were investigated.

Effects of omeprazole and gentamicin on the biochemical and histopathological alterations of the hypoxia/ reoxygenation induced intestinal injury in newborn rats.

We utilized a newborn rat model of hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) that resembles human necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) to investigate the effects of omeprazole and/or gentamicin on the formation of free oxygen radicals (FOR) and bowel histopathology. For H/R, 1-day-old rats were placed into a chamber of 100% CO2 for 5 min, then they were reoxygenized for the next 5 min. The rats (n = 70) were divided into seven groups: group 1 (control), group 2 (H/R), group 3 (omeprazole), group 4 (H/R + omeprazole), group 5 (gentamicin), group 6 (H/R + gentamicin), group 7 (H/R + omeprazole + gentamicin).