Functional Bowel Disorder Management in Routine Practice with Tips for Hot Topics: Expert Opinion Review.

Functional gastrointestinal system disorders are common problems in practice. The most common symptoms are abdominal pain, gas, bloating, diarrhea, constipation, and a mixture of these, and similar symptoms can be seen in conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease, colorectal cancer, and celiac disease depending on the age of the patient, indicating the importance of differential diagnosis. The importance of patient management is shown by making a symptom-based diagnosis and making cost-effective, that is, limited advanced examinations.

Comparison of Characteristics and Survival of New-Onset Hepatocellular Carcinomas With or Without Cirrhosis in a Tertiary Center.

Background/aims:  Although hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) usually develops in cirrhotic livers, HCCs could also arise in non-cirrhotic livers. We aimed to compare the characteristics and survival of cirrhotic- and non-cirrhotic HCCs.

Materials And Methods:  Data of HCC patients between 2011 and 2021 in a single tertiary center was evaluated retrospectively.

The Abdominal Ultrasonography Results of Cappadocia Cohort Study of Turkey Reveals High Prevalence of Fatty Liver.

Background: There is limited data about the prevalence of frequent gastrointestinal diseases in developing parts of the world based on community-based screening studies. Therefore, we aimed to present the detailed transabdominal ultrasonography results of the previously completed Turkey Cappadocia cohort study, which included a population-based evaluation of gastrointestinal symptoms and diseases in adults.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Cappadocia cohort.

Continuous insulin therapy versus apheresis in patients with hypertriglyceridemia-associated pancreatitis.

Background: The optimal treatment modality for lowering the triglyceride level in patients with hypertriglyceridemia (HTG)-associated acute pancreatitis is unknown. We evaluated the efficacy of continuous insulin infusion and apheresis procedures as triglyceride-lowering therapy.

Materials And Methods: Clinical, demographic, and laboratory data were retrospectively evaluated for patients with HTG-associated pancreatitis who received continuous insulin infusion or apheresis in a single tertiary center.

Population-based assessment of gastrointestinal symptoms and diseases: Cappadocia Cohort, Turkey.

Background/aims: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of symptoms and diseases of the lower and upper gastrointestinal system (GIS) in a population-based sample.

Materials And Methods: The cross-sectional cohort study was conducted in Cappadocia cohort comprising the Gülşehir and Avanos districts. The "Gastrointestinal Symptom Questionnaire" was applied to persons over the age of 18 years.

The relationship between fibrosis and nodule structure and esophageal varices.

Background/aims: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the histopathological findings of cirrhosis together with clinical and laboratory parameters, and to investigate their relationship with esophageal varices that are portal hypertension findings.

Materials And Methods: A total of 67 (42 male and 25 female) patients who were diagnosed with cirrhosis were included in the study. The mean age of the patients was 51.

Turkish doctors' cohort: healthy despite low screening.

Objectives: We aimed to determine the prevalence of chronic diseases and unhealthy lifestyle behaviors of Turkish doctors as compared with the general population and the frequency of compliance with preventive clinical practices among doctors.

Methods: This was an observational, prospective cohort study that enrolled graduates between 1975 and 2004 from six medical schools in Turkey. Data on demographics, disease conditions, and unhealthy lifestyle behaviors were gathered.

Nasobiliary Drainage for Benign Recurrent Intrahepatic Cholestasis in Patients Refractory to Standard Therapy.

Purpose: Benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis (BRIC) is characterized by episodic cholestasis and pruritus without anatomical obstruction. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of nasobiliary drainage (NBD) in patients with BRIC refractory to medical therapy and to determine whether the use of NBD prolongs the episode duration.

Methods: This was a multicenter retrospective study consisting of 33 patients suffering from BRIC.

High Dose Oral Furosemide with Salt Ingestion in the Treatment of Refractory Ascites of Liver Cirrhosis.

Purpose: We aimed to evaluate and compare the efficacy and safety of high-dose furosemide+salt orally by comparing HSS+ furosemide (i.v.) and repeated paracentesis in patients with RA.

Viral hepatitis screening guideline before biological drug use in rheumatic patients.

Biological drugs (tumor necrosis factor inhibitors, rituximab, tocilizumab, abatacept, and tofacitinib) are important treatment alternatives in rheumatology, particularly for resistant patients. However, they may cause hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) reactivation; for instance, HBV reactivation may occur in a patient who is an inactive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carrier or who has resolved HBV infection. Therefore, the screening of patients before biological treatment and the application of a prophylactic treatment, particularly with respect to latent HBV infections, are recommended when necessary.

The importance of salivary cortisol in the diagnosis of adrenal insufficiency in cirrhosis.

Background/aims: Reports on adrenal insufficiency (AI) are unexpectedly high in cirrhosis, and the diagnosis of this condition remains a challenge. We aimed to define the prevalence rate of AI in stable cirrhotic patients and determine the correlations of free cortisol and salivary cortisol with total cortisol.

Materials And Methods: Between January 2011 and September 2011, 110 consecutive cirrhotic patients without any infection or hemodynamic instability were enrolled.

Autonomic neuropathy and gallbladder motility in patients with liver cirrhosis.

Background/aims: Impaired gallbladder motility has been suggested as a contributor to increased incidence of gallstones in patients with liver cirrhosis. The purpose of this study was to determine gallbladder function and its relation with autonomic neuropathy in liver cirrhosis.

Materials And Methods: Gallbladder function was measured using ultrasonography in 48 patients with liver cirrhosis and in 31 controls.

Trends in colorectal cancer by subsite, age, and gender over a 15-year period in Adana, Turkey: 1993-2008.

Background/aims: Analyzing temporal trends in cancer incidence rates can generate new insights for the significance of geographical and epidemiological variations of the disease. This study evaluated the time trends over a 15-year period in the frequencies of colon and rectum cancers at various subsites by gender and age.

Materials And Methods: Data were obtained from a populationbased cancer registry in Adana (a Mediterranean city of Turkey).

Risk factors for higher anti-HCV positivity in a border city in southern Turkey with unique population characteristics.

Background/aims: This study was conducted as a seroprevalence study on hepatitis C virus infection in a small city located in southern Anatolia, to estimate the prevalence of hepatitis C virus and to explore the potential risk factors for hepatitis C virus infection at this population level.

Material And Methods: A total of 1427 (685 male (48%), 742 female) subjects agreed to participate in the study. Risk factors were examined using a questionnaire.

Early effect of peginterferon alpha-2b plus ribavirin treatment on blood pressure and insulin resistance in patients with chronic hepatitis C.

Background/aim: To investigate the early effects of peginterferon alpha-2b plus ribavirin therapy on blood pressure and related cardiovascular risk parameters, and also insulin resistance in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection.

Methodology: Twenty-nine patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) were enrolled in the study. Twenty-four hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) of all patients was recorded in the pre-treatment period, and after the 1st and 8th weeks of treatment.

The effect of decrease in serum nitric oxide concentration on portal hemodynamics after Helicobacter pylori treatment: an open-label pilot study.

Background/aims: Helicobacter pylori-induced gastritis increases serum nitrate and nitrite concentrations. The relationship between splanchnic hemodynamics and nitrate and nitrite levels has been demonstrated. We aimed to determine the effect of Helicobacter pylori eradication treatment on portal hemodynamics.

Thrombopoietin or interleukin-6 has no effect on thrombocytopenia of cirrhosis.

Background/aims: We aimed to compare the level of thrombocytopenia in cirrhotic patients with HBV and those with HCV, and to investigate whether the reduced serum level of IL-6 in patients with HCV is responsible for the lower platelet count compared to those with HBV through the effect on serum thrombopoietin level.

Methodology: Fifty-three patients with liver cirrhosis, 28 of who were HBV- seropositive (Group A), 25 of who were HCV- seropositive (Group B) and 15 healthy controls were enrolled in this study.

Results: Platelet count in group B [75 (1.

Effect of anti-HCV positivity on markers of malnutrition and inflammation in hemodialysis patients.

Aim: To investigate the influence of anti-HCV positivity on markers of malnutrition and inflammation in hemodialysis (HD) patients.

Methods: Stable HD patients who had persistently negative or positive HCV antibodies (at least three) and without elevated aminotransferase levels in routine periodical tests with a duration of more than 12 months were included. Patients with conditions known to be associated with acute-phase responses or clinically active (HCV RNA positive) or advanced liver failure were excluded.

Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T mutation and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

A mutation in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene is known as one of the causes of hyperhomocyteinemia. The oxidation products of homocysteine can initiate lipid peroxidation, which has a central role in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We aimed to assess the possible role of the MTHFR C677T mutation in the progression of simple steatosis to an advanced form of NAFLD.

Ultrasonographic evaluation of gallbladder functions in patients with irritable bowel syndrome.

Background: The aim of the present study was to evaluate gallbladder function in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients.

Methods: The functions of gallbladder were investigated every 30 min for 4 h. In addition, ejection fraction of the gallbladder was calculated from the fasting and post-prandial volumes.

Helicobacter pylori eradication lowers serum homocysteine level in patients without gastric atrophy.

Aim: To determine whether Helicobacter pylori (H pylori)infection caused hyperhomocysteinemia by altering serum vitamin B(12), serum folate and erythrocyte folate levels and whether eradication of this organism decreased serum homocysteine level.

Methods: The study involved 73 dyspeptic H pylori-positive patients, none of them had gastric mucosal atrophy based on rapid urease test and histology. Out of 73 patients, 41 (56.

Subepithelial basement membrane thickness in patients with normal colonic mucosal appearance in colonoscopy: results from southern Turkey.

Aim: Our aims were to determine the normal limits of subepithelial basement membrane (SEBM) thickness in order to more accurately diagnose collagenous colitis in the population from southern Turkey and to investigate into links between SEBM thickness and age, and sex.

Methods: The study included 100 patients (mean age 50.0+/-13.

Low eradication rate of Helicobacter pylori with triple 7-14 days and quadriple therapy in Turkey.

Aim: The eradication rate of Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) shows variation among countries and regimens of treatment. We aimed to study the eradication rates of different regimens in our region and some factors affecting the rate of eradication.

Methods: One hundred and sixty-four H pylori positive patients (68 males, 96 females; mean age: 48+/-12 years) with duodenal or gastric ulcer without a smoking history were included in the study.

Clinicopathologic features and risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma: results from a single center in southern Turkey.

Background/aims: The aim of this study was to determine the characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma at a major health center in southern Turkey. Computed tomography was compared to the combination of ultrasonography and serum alpha-fetoprotein determination in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Methods: Of 226 patients with liver cirrhosis, 35 were diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma on first admission or during follow-up in the period between 1999 and 2002.