Effect of plantar fascia stiffness on plantar windlass mechanism and arch: Finite element method and dual fluoroscopic imaging system verification.

This study explored the relationship between the foot arch stiffness and windlass mechanism, focusing on the contribution of the posterior transverse arch. Understanding the changing characteristics of foot stiffness is critical for providing a scientific basis for treating foot-related diseases. Based on a healthy male's computed tomography, kinematic, and dynamics data, a foot musculoskeletal finite element model with a dorsiflexion angle of 30°of metatarsophalangeal joint was established.

Effect of orthopedic insoles on lower limb motion kinematics and kinetics in adults with flat foot: a systematic review.

Flatfoot is characterized by the collapse of the medial longitudinal arch, eversion of the rearfoot and abduction of the loaded forefoot. Orthopedic insoles are the frequently recommended treatment to support the arch of the foot, adjust the structure of the foot, reduce pain, improve stability and new techniques have been applied to the design of orthopedic insoles in recent years. However, the effectiveness of orthopedic insoles in different motions is still debated from the perspective of biomechanics.

Curved carbon-plated shoe may further reduce forefoot loads compared to flat plate during running.

Using a curved carbon-fiber plate (CFP) in running shoes may offer notable performance benefit over flat plates, yet there is a lack of research exploring the influence of CFP geometry on internal foot loading during running. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of CFP mechanical characteristics on forefoot biomechanics in terms of plantar pressure, bone stress distribution, and contact force transmission during a simulated impact peak moment in forefoot strike running. We employed a finite element model of the foot-shoe system, wherein various CFP configurations, including three stiffnesses (stiff, stiffer, and stiffest) and two shapes (flat plate (FCFP) and curved plate (CCFP)), were integrated into the shoe sole.

Influence of changes in foot morphology and temperature on bruised toenail injury risk during running.

Despite runners frequently suffering from dermatologic issues during long distance running, there is no compelling evidence quantitatively investigating their underlying injury mechanism. This study aimed to determine the foot morphology and temperature changes during long distance running and reveal the effect of these alterations on the injury risk of bruised toenail by measuring the subjective-perceived hallux comfort and gap length between the hallux and toebox of the shoe. Ten recreational runners participated in the experimental tests before (baseline), immediately after 5 and 10 km of treadmill running (12 km/h), in which the foot morphology was measured by a 3D foot scanner, the foot temperature was detected by an infrared camera, the perceived comfort was recorded by a visual analogue scale, and the gap length in the sagittal plane was captured by a high-speed camera.

The effects of non-Newtonian fluid material midsole footwear on tibial shock acceleration and attenuation.

Given the possibility of higher ground temperatures in the future, the pursuit of a cushioning material that can effectively reduce sports injuries during exercise, particularly one that retains its properties at elevated temperatures, has emerged as a serious concern. A total of 18 man recreational runners were recruited from Ningbo University and local clubs for participation in this study. Frequency analysis was employed to investigate whether there is a distinction between non-Newtonian (NN) shoes and ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) shoes.

Effects of plantar fascia stiffness on the internal mechanics of idiopathic pes cavus by finite element analysis: implications for metatarsalgia.

Metatarsalgia occurring in individuals with pes cavus is typically associated with abnormal loading patterns in the forefoot resulting from structural alterations. Simultaneously, the frequent overstress of the plantar fascia (PF) caused by the persistence of this foot deformity may further exacerbate the chronic pain induced by metatarsal overload. We aimed to investigate and quantify the effects of PF stiffness on the internal biomechanics of pes cavus using a computational modelling approach.

Establishment of hypertension risk nomograms based on physical fitness parameters for men and women: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: This study aims to establish hypertension risk nomograms for Chinese male and female adults, respectively.

Method: A series of questionnaire surveys, physical assessments, and biochemical indicator tests were performed on 18,367 adult participants in China. The optimization of variable selection was conducted by running cyclic coordinate descent with 10-fold cross-validation through the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression.

Comparative Efficacy of Vibration foam Rolling and Cold Water Immersion in Amateur Basketball Players after a Simulated Load of Basketball Game.

To compare the efficacy of different recovery strategies (sitting; cold water immersion, CWI; vibration foam rolling, VFR) on the lower extremities of amateur basketball players after the simulated load of a basketball game, we assessed the power, agility, and dynamic balance before and after interventions. Ten amateur basketball players alternately underwent 12 min of sitting, 12 min of CWI at 5 °C, and 12 min of VFR. The power, agility, and dynamic balance were measured immediately post-warm-up, immediately post-game, immediately post-intervention, 1 h after interventions, and 24 h after interventions.

PCA of Running Biomechanics after 5 km between Novice and Experienced Runners.

Increased running experience appears to lower the risk of running-related injuries, but the mechanisms underlying this are unknown. Studying the biomechanics of runners with different running experiences before and after long-distance running can improve our understanding of the relationship between faulty running mechanics and injury. The purpose of the present study was to investigate if there were any differences in lower-limb biomechanics between runners after a 5 km run.

Biomechanics of Topspin Forehand Loop in Table Tennis: An Application of OpenSim Musculoskeletal Modelling.

Topspin is one of the most attacking strokes in table tennis, and topspin forehand loop is an effective way to score. The aim of this study was to investigate the kinematics of the lower extremities in topspin forehand loop between different levels via OpenSim Musculoskeletal Modelling. Ten elite athletes (NL1) and ten medium athletes (NL2) performed the topspin forehand loop without muscle and joint injuries.

The influence of running shoe with different carbon-fiber plate designs on internal foot mechanics: A pilot computational analysis.

A carbon-fiber plate (CFP) embedded into running shoes is a commonly applied method to improve running economy, but little is known in regard the effects of CFP design features on internal foot mechanics. This study aimed to explore how systematic changes in CFP geometrical variations (i.e.

Applications of Finite Element Modeling in Biomechanical Analysis of Foot Arch Deformation: A Scoping Review.

Excessive foot arch deformation is associated with plantar tissue overload and ligamentous injury pathologies. Finite element (FE) analysis, as an effective tool for modeling and simulation, has been utilized clinically for providing insights into arch biomechanics. This systematic scoping review aimed to summarize the current state of computational modeling techniques utilized in arch biomechanics from 2000 onwards and outline the main challenges confronting the further development of accurate models in clinical conditions.

The Relationship between Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome and Hip Biomechanics: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis.

(1) Background and purpose: Muscular control and motor function in a patient with Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) have not yet been investigated systematically. Therefore, this review synthesis the previous results about the association of PFPS with gluteus muscle activation, hip strength, and kinematic characteristic of the hip and knee joint, to deepen understanding of the PFPS etiology and promote the establishment of an effective treatment strategy. (2) Methods: A literature search was conducted from January 2000 to July 2022 in four electronic databases: Medline, Embase, Google scholar, and Scopus.

The Effect of Concave-Side Intertransverse Ligament Laxity on the Stress of AIS Lumbar Spine Based on Finite Element Method.

(1) Background: Scoliosis has the mechanical characteristic of asymmetric stress distribution, which is one of the reasons for the aggravation of scoliosis. Bracing therapy is the best treatment for AIS, but it is difficult and costly to operate. Is it possible to reduce pressure in the concave side by relaxing the ITL in the concave side of scoliosis, so as to improve the abnormal stress distribution of scoliosis? In this paper, a finite element method was used to simulate the effect of the relaxation of concave-side ITL on the stress of a lumbar spine with scoliosis, which provides some guidance for the treatment of scoliosis.

The Effect of Arch Stiffness on the Foot-Ankle Temporal Kinematics during Gait Termination: A Statistical Nonparametric Mapping Study.

This study compares foot-ankle temporal kinematics characteristics during planned and unplanned gait termination (PGT and UGT) in subjects with different arch stiffnesses (ASs) based on the statistical nonparametric mapping (SnPM) method. By measuring three-dimensional arch morphological parameters under different loading conditions, 28 healthy male subjects were classified and participated in gait termination (GT) tests to collect metatarsophalangeal (MTP) and ankle-joint kinematics data. The two-way repeated-measures ANOVA using SnPM was employed to assess the impacts of AS on foot-ankle kinematics during PGT and UGT.

Development and Validation of a Subject-Specific Coupled Model for Foot and Sports Shoe Complex: A Pilot Computational Study.

Nowadays, footwear serves an essential role in improving athletic performance and decreasing the risk of unexpected injuries in sports games. Finite element (FE) modeling is a powerful tool to reveal the biomechanical interactions between foot and footwear, and establishing a coupled foot-shoe model is the prerequisite. The purpose of this pilot study was to develop and validate a 3D FE coupled model of the foot and sports shoe complex during balanced standing.

Sex-specific differences in biomechanics among runners: A systematic review with meta-analysis.

Patellofemoral disorders are more common in female runners compared to their male counterparts. Differences in biomechanical characteristics between groups of runners could provide insight into the causes of higher rates of injury in female versus male runners, which would be useful to physical therapists and athletic trainers in development of individualized injury prevention programs. This review compares the differences in biomechanical characteristics between female and male runners.

Mixed Comparison of Different Exercise Interventions for Function, Respiratory, Fatigue, and Quality of Life in Adults With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.

Background: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neuromuscular disease whose primary hallmark is the progressive degeneration of motor neurons in the brainstem, spinal cord, and cerebral cortex that leads to weakness, spasticity, fatigue, skeletal muscle atrophy, paralysis, and even death. Exercise, as a non-pharmacological tool, may generally improve muscle strength, cardiovascular function, and quality of life. However, there are conflicting reports about the effect of exercise training in adults with ALS.

Effect of Heel Lift Insoles on Lower Extremity Muscle Activation and Joint Work during Barbell Squats.

The effect of heel elevation on the barbell squat remains controversial, and further exploration of muscle activity might help find additional evidence. Therefore, 20 healthy adult participants (10 males and 10 females) were recruited for this study to analyze the effects of heel height on lower extremity kinematics, kinetics, and muscle activity using the OpenSim individualized musculoskeletal model. One-way repeated measures ANOVA was used for statistical analysis.

Biomechanical Characteristics of the Typically Developing Toddler Gait: A Narrative Review.

Independent ambulation is one of the most important motor skills in typically developing toddlers. Gait analysis is a key evaluation method in basic and clinical research. A narrative review on the literature of toddler gait development was conducted following inclusion criteria, explicitly including the factors of English article, age range, no external intervention during the experimental process of studies involved, the non-symptomatic toddler, and no pathological gait.

Effect of Long-Distance Running on Inter-segment Foot Kinematics and Ground Reaction Forces: A Preliminary Study.

Long-distance running has gained massive popularity in recent years, yet the intra-foot adaptations during this event remain unclear. This study aimed to examine the kinematic and ground reaction force alterations induced within the foot following a 5 and 10 km run using the Oxford Foot Model Ten marathon-experienced recreational runners participated in this study. Five-kilometer running led to more rearfoot dorsiflexion, rearfoot eversion, and rearfoot rotation while less forefoot plantarflexion during the stance phase.