Impact of a diabetes disease management program on guideline-adherent care, hospitalization risk and health care costs: a propensity score matching study using real-world data.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of a DMP for patients with diabetes mellitus in a Swiss primary care setting.

Methods: In a prospective observational study, we compared diabetes patients in a DMP (intervention group; N = 538) with diabetes patients receiving usual care (control group; N = 5050) using propensity score matching with entropy balancing. Using a difference-in-difference (DiD) approach, we compared changes in outcomes from baseline (2017) to 1-year (2017/18) and to 2-year follow-up (2017/19).