[CGM-continuous glucose monitoring - statement of the Austrian Diabetes Association].

This position statement represents the recommendations of the Austrian Diabetes Association regarding the clinical diagnostic and therapeutic application, safety and benefits of continuous subcutaneous glucose monitoring systems in patients with diabetes mellitus, based on current evidence.

Sensor augmented pump therapy from onset of type 1 diabetes: late follow-up results of the Pediatric Onset Study.

Aim: To evaluate the metabolic control and β-cell function 1 yr after the end of the European multicentre randomized Pediatric Onset Study.

Methods: Of 154 study patients, 131 were re-examined 24 months after type 1 diabetes onset (49.6% boys, age at onset 8.

Continuous glucose monitoring in children, adolescents, and adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus: analysis from the prospective DPV diabetes documentation and quality management system from Germany and Austria.

Objective: To determine frequency, duration, and relationship of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) to glycemic control and rate of hypoglycemia in children and adults in Germany and Austria.

Research Design And Methods: From 59,920 patients documented in the DPV (Diabetessoftware zur prospektiven Verlaufsdokumentation) database, 144,385 sensor days of 2874 patients using CGM between January 2008 and September 2010 were analyzed.

Results: Overall, 4.

Prevalence of intentional under- and overdosing of insulin in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of insulin under- and overdosing in paediatric patients.

Research Design And Methods: Cross-sectional study including 241 patients (age 14.0 + 2.

Low levels of asymmetric dimethylarginine in children with diabetes mellitus type I compared with healthy children.

Objective: Although high levels of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) are associated with an increased risk for vasculopathy in adults, elevated ADMA concentrations also have been found in healthy young children. Patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 (DM1) are at risk for vasculopathy, and because the function of ADMA in the development of vascular symptoms is incompletely understood, we investigated ADMA concentrations in pediatric patients with DM1 compared with healthy age- and sex-matched individuals.

Study Design: This cross-sectional study included 85 pediatric patients with DM1 and 89 age- and sex-matched healthy controls.

Type 1 diabetes and epilepsy: efficacy and safety of the ketogenic diet.

Diabetes type 1 seems to be more prevalent in epilepsy, and low-carbohydrate diets improve glycemic control in diabetes type 2, but data on the use of the classic ketogenic diet (KD) in epilepsy and diabetes are scarce. We present 15 months of follow-up of a 3 years and 6 months old girl with diabetes type 1 (on the KD), right-sided hemiparesis, and focal epilepsy due to a malformation of cortical development. Although epileptiform activity on electroencephalography (EEG) persisted (especially during sleep), clinically overt seizures have not been reported since the KD.

Incidence and time trend of type 1 and type 2 diabetes in Austrian children 1999-2007.

Objective: To analyze the time trend of the nationwide incidence of type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents < or = 15 years of age compared with type 1 diabetes between 1999 and 2007 in Austria.

Study Design: In a prospective, population-based incidence study, all newly diagnosed patients with diabetes < or = 15 years of age were registered by the Austrian Diabetes Incidence Study Group. The Diabetes type was classified on the basis of clinical and laboratory findings according to ADA criteria.

Dermatological side effects and complications of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion in preschool-age and school-age children.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate whether very young children develop more dermatological complications during insulin pump treatment compared with school children.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study in 78 consecutive children using insulin pump treatment >4 months.

Results: Children in group A [n = 40, 28 males (M) and 12 females (F)] were 2.

Long-term follow-up of patients with congenital hyperinsulinism in Austria.

Aim: To assess the neurological and clinical long-term outcome of patients diagnosed with congenital hyperinsulinism (CHI) in Austria.

Patients And Methods: Fourteen patients diagnosed with CHI (1978-2000) were investigated retrospectively by reviewing hospital records. Thirteen of them were evaluated with either a questionnaire or clinical, neurological and biochemical investigations (age at evaluation 4.

Perinatal risk factors for early childhood onset type 1 diabetes in Austria - a population-based study (1989-2005).

Background: To investigate the rapid increase in incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in children <5 yr in Austria.

Methods: Data of children born between 1989 and 2005 (n = 444) from the T1DM children incidence registry were linked with birth certificates (n = 1 407 829).

Results: Age of mother, level of education, birth weight, birth length, body mass index, and APGAR score at 10 min were not significant.

Changing geographical distribution of diabetes mellitus type 1 incidence in Austrian children 1989--2005.

Objectives: We investigated whether the significant spatial West/East trend of incidence of Diabetes mellitus Type 1 in Austrian children changed between 1989 and 2005. Additionally we tested, whether population density and mean body mass index of newborns is associated with incidence.

Study Design And Setting: All newly diagnosed cases aged 0-14 years in Austria (n = 2644), prospectively registered from 1989 to 2005 were allocated to 99 districts.

Steep increase of incidence of childhood diabetes since 1999 in Austria. Time trend analysis 1979-2005. A nationwide study.

In a prospective population-based incidence study all newly diagnosed type 1 diabetic patients 0-<15 years of age were registered by the Austrian Diabetes Incidence Study Group. The nationwide incidence of type 1 diabetes between 2000-2005 was compared with the previously published incidence rates. Long-term trends as well as seasonal trends were estimated by Poisson regression models.

Recent trend in overweight and obesity in male adolescents in Austria: a population-based study.

Objective: The aim of the study was to provide current estimates of the prevalence of overweight and obesity in young Austrian men and to determine both the trend over the study period and regional differences.

Method: Data extracted from the database containing the nation-wide compulsory conscription health examinations were analysed. Four cohorts of 18-year-old males (1986-1990: n=252,799; 1991-1995: n=209,266; 1996-2000: n=208,427; 2001-2005: n=209,168) were investigated.

Telemedical support to improve glycemic control in adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Introduction: In this paper, we evaluated the feasibility of a telemedical (TM) support program and its effect on glycemic control in adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Thirty-six adolescents (m=20, median age at the start of the study: 15.3 years (range: 10.

Screening detected celiac disease in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus: effect on the clinical course (a case control study).

Objective: To investigate clinical and metabolic characteristics of diabetic children with screening detected celiac disease in a multicenter case-control study.

Cases: 98 diabetic patients were diagnosed as having silent celiac disease by screening with endomysial antibodies and subsequent biopsy.

Controls: two controls in the same center were chosen, (stratified by age and age-at-diabetes onset) who were negative for endomysial antibodies (n = 195).

Growth data in large series of 587 children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Objective: Discordant data were found in recent growth studies in children with type-1 diabetes mellitus. This study focuses on growth data and final height in the largest cohort of diabetic children studied so far.

Methods: 7598 growth data collected in a longitudinal/cross sectional way between 1971 and 1996 in 587 diabetic subjects (317 males, 270 females) were available for analysis of height and BMI, together with 3889 HbA1c measurements.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is rare but not absent in children under 15 years of age in Austria.

Unlabelled: Until recently, most children with diabetes mellitus had type 1 diabetes (T1DM). The prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is on the rise in North America, especially in risk populations such as the American Indians. Few epidemiological data on the incidence of the disease exist in Europe.

Regional distribution of risk for childhood diabetes in Austria and possible association with body mass index.

Unlabelled: This study was performed to investigate whether the body mass index (BMI) of diabetic children at manifestation is related to the non-random risk distribution in Austria and whether there is an association with the BMI of the background population. All newly diagnosed cases aged <15 years (n=1644) from 1989 to 2000 were allocated to districts using the postal code. BMI at the time of diagnosis was derived from the Austrian incidence data sheet in 99.

Small area variation in childhood diabetes mellitus in Austria: links to population density, 1989 to 1999.

We analyzed the associations of environmental factors with the regional distribution of Type 1 diabetes mellitus in Austria. All newly diagnosed cases (n=1449) from 1989 to 1999 were allocated to districts using the postal code. Nitrate content of the water was measured by the Austrian Federal Environmental Agency.

Coeliac disease in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus: to screen or not, to treat or not?

Coeliac disease is more prevalent in individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus than in the normal population. It often presents in an atypical or silent form. Specific autoantibodies are found in almost all cases.