Web-Like Interconnected Carbon Networks from NaCl-Assisted Pyrolysis of ZIF-8 for Highly Efficient Oxygen Reduction Catalysis.

The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is under intense research due to its significance in energy storage and conversion processes. Recent studies show that interconnected and hierarchically porous structures can further enhance ORR kinetics as well as catalyst durability, but their preparation can be quite time and/or chemical consuming. Here, a simple approach is reported to prepare such complex structures by pyrolyzing composites containing NaCl and ZIF-8.

Factors Influencing Lamina Cribrosa Microcapillary Hemodynamics and Oxygen Concentrations.

Purpose: To identify and rank the lamina cribrosa (LC) morphologic factors that influence LC microcapillary hemodynamics and oxygen concentrations using computational fluid dynamics (CFD).

Methods: We generated 12,000 'artificial' LC microcapillary networks and predicted blood flow velocities and oxygen concentrations within the microcapillaries using CFD. Across models, we varied the average pore size of the LC (5500 ± 2400 μm2), the microcapillary arrangement (radial, isotropic, or circumferential), the LC diameter (1.