Computed Tomography Findings in Non-Obstetric Vulvar Hematoma: A Case Report.

Unlabelled: Non-obstetric vulvar hematoma is a rare but clinically important diagnosis in the emergency department for which there is no consensus on optimal diagnosis or management. We present a case of non-obstetric vulvar hematoma that occurred after minimal trauma in a young, otherwise healthy woman who presented with labial swelling after consensual digital penetration, initially managed conservatively but ultimately requiring surgical drainage. Although a rare presentation in the emergency department, prompt identification, diagnosis, and management of vulvar hematoma is crucial to appropriately treat complications including pain, hemodynamically significant hemorrhage, urinary obstruction, and soft tissue necrosis.

Patch-free streaming contrast-rebalanced dichoptic cartoons versus patching for treatment of amblyopia in children aged 3 to 5 years: a pilot, randomized clinical trial.

Background: We developed and tested a dichoptic treatment designed for younger children that can be viewed freely and involves a dichoptic manipulation of a popular animation series that enables contrast-rebalancing without disrupting fusion. Our aim was to assess whether this novel amblyopia treatment is superior to patching in children aged 3-5 years.

Methods: A total of 34 children with amblyopia were randomly assigned to contrast-rebalanced dichoptic cartoons (4 hours/week) or patching (14 hours/week) for 2 weeks.

Harm reduction in severe and long-standing Anorexia Nervosa: part of the journey but not the destination-a narrative review with lived experience.

Questions remain about the best approaches to treatment for the subset of patients with severe and long-standing Anorexia Nervosa, commonly described in the literature as "Severe and Enduring Anorexia Nervosa." When discussing the optimal strategies and goals for treating this group, there is uncertainty over whether to focus on refining current treatment methods or exploring alternative approaches. One such alternative is "harm reduction," which has generated a wave of positive interest from patients and clinicians alike because of its emphasis on individual autonomy, personal goals and quality of life.

MICU1 and MICU2 control mitochondrial calcium signaling in the mammalian heart.

Activating Ca-sensitive enzymes of oxidative metabolism while preventing calcium overload that leads to mitochondrial and cellular injury requires dynamic control of mitochondrial Ca uptake. This is ensured by the mitochondrial calcium uptake (MICU)1/2 proteins that gate the pore of the mitochondrial calcium uniporter (mtCU). MICU1 is relatively sparse in the heart, and recent studies claimed the mammalian heart lacks MICU1 gating of mtCU.

Factors related to social inferencing performance in moderate-severe, chronic TBI.

Objective: Following traumatic brain injury (TBI), deficits in social cognition are common. Social inferencing is a crucial component of social cognition that enables an individual to understand the thoughts, feelings, and intentions of a communication partner when this information is not explicitly stated. Existing literature suggests a variety of factors contribute to social inferencing success (e.

Ocular Biometric Components in Hyperopic Children and a Machine Learning-Based Model to Predict Axial Length.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the development of optical biometric components in children with hyperopia, and apply a machine-learning model to predict axial length.

Methods: Children with hyperopia (+1 diopters [D] to +10 D) in 3 age groups: 3 to 5 years (n = 74), 6 to 8 years (n = 102), and 9 to 11 years (n = 36) were included. Axial length, anterior chamber depth, lens thickness, central corneal thickness, and corneal power were measured; all participants had cycloplegic refraction within 6 months.

Leveraging neural plasticity for the treatment of amblyopia.

Amblyopia is a form of visual cortical impairment that arises from abnormal visual experience early in life. Most often, amblyopia is a unilateral visual impairment that can develop as a result of strabismus, anisometropia, or a combination of these conditions that result in discordant binocular experience. Characterized by reduced visual acuity and impaired binocular function, amblyopia places a substantial burden on the developing child.

Motion-Defined Form Perception in Deprivation Amblyopia.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess motion-defined form perception, including the association with clinical and sensory factors that may drive performance, in each eye of children with deprivation amblyopia due to unilateral cataract.

Methods: Coherence thresholds for orientation discrimination of motion-defined form were measured using a staircase procedure in 30 children with deprivation amblyopia and 59 age-matched controls. Visual acuity, stereoacuity, fusion, and interocular suppression were also measured.

Biological, physical and morphological factors for the programming of a novel microbial hygromorphic material.

The urgency for energy efficient, responsive architectures has propelled smart material development to the forefront of scientific and architectural research. This paper explores biological, physical, and morphological factors influencing the programming of a novel microbial-based smart hybrid material which is responsive to changes in environmental humidity. Hygromorphs respond passively, without energy input, by expanding in high humidity and contracting in low humidity.

An improved, optimised and robust keratin azure assay for accurate assessment of keratinase activity.

Keratin, in the form of coarse sheep wool, has been identified as an undervalued natural resource, which with the appropriate tools ( a keratinase biocatalyst) can be repurposed for various textile and industrial biotechnology applications. For these purposes, we describe a novel method for identifying keratinase activity through the use of α-keratin azure (KA), an anthraquinone dyed substrate. A colourimetric method monitored the keratinase activity of Proteinase K (PK), which degrades the KA substrate and releases soluble products that are observed at 595 nm.

Trauma THOMPSON: Clinical Decision Support for the Frontline Medic.

Introduction: U.S. Military healthcare providers increasingly perform prolonged casualty care because of operations in settings with prolonged evacuation times.

Low-Dose Cyclophosphamide Associated With Hyponatremia and Hepatotoxicity.

Cyclophosphamide (CY) is an alkylating agent often used as a chemotherapeutic agent, with increasing use as an immunosuppressant. Cyclophosphamide has many established adverse effects, including hyponatremia and limited reports of hepatotoxicity, particularly in high-dose treatment. A case of simultaneous hyponatremia and acute liver injury associated with the initiation of cyclophosphamide two weeks prior is discussed here.

Objective assessment of control compared with clinical triple office control score in children with intermittent exotropia.

Poor control of intermittent exotropia may be used as an indication for surgery. However, control fluctuates during the day and from day to day. The standardized triple office control score (mean of three scores on a 6-point ordinal scale) is representative of repeated assessments throughout the day, but lacks validation against an objective measure of eye movements.

Risk of recurrence after cessation of dichoptic, binocular treatment of amblyopia.

Contrast-rebalanced dichoptic games and videos have been shown to be an effective treatment for childhood amblyopia. Whether the visual acuity gains achieved with these binocular treatments are long-lasting has not been determined. In this prospective cohort study of 100 consecutive amblyopic children who improved by ≥0.

Content Quality of YouTube Videos About Pain Management After Cesarean Birth: Content Analysis.

Background: YouTube is an increasingly common source of health information; however, the reliability and quality of the information are inadequately understood. Several studies have evaluated YouTube as a resource during pregnancy and found the available information to be of poor quality. Given the increasing attention to postpartum health and the importance of promoting safe opioid use after birth, YouTube may be a source of information for birthing individuals.

Sortilin Inhibition Protects Neurons From Degeneration in the Diabetic Retina.

Purpose: To investigate the level and localization of the multifunctional receptor sortilin in the diabetic retina, as well as the effect of sortilin inhibition on retinal neurodegeneration in experimental diabetes.

Methods: The localization of sortilin and colocalization with the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) and Müller cell (MC) markers were determined using immunofluorescence on retinal sections from human patients with diabetes and streptozotocin-induced diabetic C57BL/6J male mice. In the diabetic mice, levels were further quantified using Western blot and quantitative PCR.

The Australian evidence-based clinical practice guideline for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

Objective: The objective of this article was to provide an overview of the development and recommendations from the Australian evidence-based clinical practice guideline for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The guideline aims to promote accurate and timely identification and diagnosis, and optimal and consistent treatment of ADHD.

Methods: Development integrated the best available evidence with multidisciplinary clinical expertise and the preferences of those with lived experience, underpinned by the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) framework.

Amblyopia and the whole child.

Amblyopia is a disorder of neurodevelopment that occurs when there is discordant binocular visual experience during the first years of life. While treatments are effective in improving visual acuity, there are significant individual differences in response to treatment that cannot be attributed solely to difference in adherence. In this considerable variability in response to treatment, we argue that treatment outcomes might be optimized by utilizing deep phenotyping of amblyopic deficits to guide alternative treatment choices.

Slow Binocular Reading in Amblyopic Children Is a Fellow Eye Deficit.

Significance: Amblyopic children read 25% slower than their peers during binocular silent reading.

Purpose: We compared binocular reading to fellow eye reading to determine whether slow reading in amblyopic children is due to binocular inhibition; that is, the amblyopic eye is interfering during binocular reading.

Methods: In a cross-sectional study, 38 children with amblyopia and 36 age-similar control children who completed grades 1 to 6 were enrolled.

Binocular amblyopia treatment improves manual dexterity.

Purpose: To determine whether deficits in manual dexterity in children with amblyopia improve after binocular amblyopia treatment and whether improvements are related to age at treatment, baseline sensory status, or amount of improvement in sensory status with treatment.

Methods: Manual dexterity (Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2), visual acuity, fusion, suppression, and stereoacuity were measured at baseline and after 4-8 weeks of binocular amblyopia in 134 children with amblyopia, including 75 children in the "younger group" (aged 3 to <7 years) and 59 in the "older group" (aged 7-10 years), and in 40 age-similar control children.

Results: Baseline manual dexterity standard scores of amblyopic children were significantly below those of controls in both the younger (8.

Not Like the Textbook: An Atypical Case of Ectopic Pregnancy.

Ectopic pregnancy is a potentially life-threatening outcome of pregnancy that occurs with the implantation of an embryo outside of the endometrial cavity. Classically considered a "must not miss" diagnosis, ectopic pregnancy is a common emergency department presentation, associated with a symptom triad of amenorrhea, vaginal bleeding, and abdominal pain. However, varied presentations of ectopic pregnancy or lack of typical risk factors can complicate the evaluation and diagnosis of this condition.

Dichoptic and Monocular Visual Acuity in Amblyopia.

Purpose: Standard-of-care assessment for children with amblyopia includes measuring amblyopic eye best-corrected visual acuity (AE BCVA) with the fellow eye occluded. By definition, this abolishes the interocular suppression fundamental to amblyopia. Thus, measured AE BCVA may not accurately represent that eye's contribution to natural binocular viewing.