Cutting tool characterization plays a crucial role in understanding the behavior of machining operations. The selection of a suitable cutting material, the operating conditions for the work piece, is necessary to yield good cutting-tool life. Several pieces of research have been carried out in cutting-tool characteristics for turning operation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe present methyl-ammonium lead iodide perovskite solar cells coupled with one-dimensional photonic crystals (PCs) to achieve enhancement in light harvesting and photocurrent efficiencies. The introduction of PCs as a light reflection layer in the solar cells attributes to the increase in light harvesting efficiency and photocurrent density, which can be tuned by controlling the PC parameters such as the number of layers and layer thickness. Another important feature of the design is the introduction of a thin Au/Ag layer on top, which lets through more than 70% sunlight incident on it into the device, protects the hole transporting layer, and also helps in containing the light reflected from the PC layer into the device for further harvesting.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) caused by protozoa belonging to the genus usually have anthroponotic mode of transmission and is issue of great public health importance in Indian subcontinent. Asymptomatic cases of VL and PKDL are subject of keen interest to find their role in the transmission of VL in epidemic areas. We evaluated the immunological cytokine determinants expressed in most clinical suspects of asymptomatic VL and PKDL (IL-10, IFN-γ, and TNF-α).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe present the tunability of terahertz (THz) photonic bandgaps and localization modes in one-dimensional (1D) periodic and quasi-periodic structures based on alternating layers of graded-index materials and InSb. These configurations show that operation frequencies of photonic bands and localization modes can be tuned by controlling temperature, structural and grading parameters, grading profiles, and different quasi-periodic arrangements. The number of photonic bands and localization modes can also be modulated with layer thickness and quasi-periodic arrangements.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEngineering of thermally tunable terahertz photonic and omnidirectional bandgaps has been demonstrated theoretically in one-dimensional quasi-periodic photonic crystals (PCs) containing semiconductor and dielectric materials. The considered quasi-periodic structures are taken in the form of Fibonacci, Thue-Morse, and double periodic sequences. We have shown that the photonic and omnidirectional bandgaps in the quasi-periodic structures with semiconductor constituents are strongly depend on the temperature, thickness of the constituted semiconductor and dielectric material layers, and generations of the quasi-periodic sequences.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: SACHSE COLD KNIFE IS CONVENTIONALLY USED FOR OPTICAL INTERNAL URETHROTOMY INTENDED TO MANAGE URETHRAL STRICTURES AND HO: YAG laser is an alternative to it. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of urethral stricture treatment outcomes, efficacy, and complications using cold knife and Ho: YAG (Holmium laser) for optical internal urethrotomy.
Materials And Methods: In this prospective study included, 90 male patients age >18 years, with diagnosis of urethral stricture admitted for internal optical urethrotomy during April 2010 to March 2012.
In Leishmania species, protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) - a redox chaperone is primarily associated with virulence and survival. The precise mechanism, especially in relation to redox changes and its effects on immunological responses in visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is not completely understood as yet. Therefore, we purified a recombinant PDI from Leishmania donovani (r-LdPDI) which was of ∼15 kDa molecular size and examined its effects on immunological responses in peripheral blood (PBMC) of human VL cases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNarrow peaks are observed in the transmission spectra of p-polarized light passing through a thin gold film that is coated on the surface of a transparent diffraction grating. The spectral position and intensity of these peaks can be tuned over a wide range of wavelengths by simple rotation of the grating. The wavelengths where these transmission peaks are observed correspond to conditions where surface plasmon resonance occurs at the gold-air interface.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe report a technique that utilizes surface plasmon resonance dispersion as a mechanism to provide multicolor contrast for imaging thin molecular films. Illumination of gold surfaces with p-polarized white light in the Kretschmann configuration produces distinct reflected colors due to excitation of surface plasmons and the resulting absorption of specific wavelengths from the source light. In addition, these colors transform in response to the formation of thin molecular films.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe demonstrate how grating-coupler assisted infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy can be used to simultaneously determine the chemical identity and relative thickness of organic thin films. With a grating substrate, a threshold anomaly associated with passing off of the -1 diffracted order occurs at grazing angles of incidence, resulting in a sharp absorbance in the infrared. The position of this peak is sensitive to the grating geometry as well as the dielectric environment near its surface.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA surface plasmon resonance sensor array based upon a grating substrate was developed for the detection of biomolecular interactions. The substrate consisted of a gold grating prepared by wet chemical treatment of a commercial recordable compact disk. A custom-built floating pin microspotter was constructed to deliver solutions containing omega-functionalized linear alkanethiols to the grating surface and produce an array of sensor elements with different exposed functional end groups.
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