The relationship between anxiety symptoms and disturbances in biological rhythms in patients with depression.

Background: Biological rhythms denote the cyclical patterns of life activities anchored to a 24-hour cycle. Research shows that depression exhibits disturbances in biological rhythms. Yet, the relationship between these biological rhythms and concomitant anxiety symptoms is insufficiently investigated in structured clinical assessments.

Reliability and validity of clinically useful depression outcome scale identifying mixed features in patients with manic episode.

Objectives: This study aims to explore the reliability, validity, and feasibility of Clinically Useful Depression Outcome Scale (CUDOS) in screening mixed features in patients diagnosed with mania.

Methods: A total of 109 patients with (hypo-) manic episode were recruited. The reliability of Chinese version of CUDOS (CUDOS-C) were analyzed with Cronbach's alpha and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).