The Space Radiobiological Exposure Facility on the China Space Station.

The Space Radiobiological Exposure Facility (SREF) is a general experimental facility at the China Space Station for scientific research in the fields of space radiation protection, space radiation biology, biotechnology, and the origin of life. The facility provides an environment with controllable temperatures for experiments with organic molecules and model organisms such as small animals, plant seeds, and microorganisms. The cultivation of small animals can be achieved in the facility with the use of microfluidic chips and images and videos of such experiments can be captured by microscopy.

Activation characteristics of Ty3-retrotransposons after spaceflight and genetic stability of insertion sites in rice progeny.

Introduction: The space environment is mutagenic and may induce genomic and phenotypic variations. Exploring the changes in transposon activity in the rice genome under space radiation is of great significance.

Methods: To analyze the activation characteristics of Ty3-retrotransposons and genetic stability of insertion sites in rice progeny after spaceflight, seeds of Nipponbare, DN416, and DN423 were exposed on board the SJ-10 recoverable satellite for 12.

Using single-sample networks and genetic algorithms to identify radiation-responsive genes in rice affected by heavy ions of the galactic cosmic radiation with different LET values.

Introduction: Heavy ions of the galactic cosmic radiation dominate the radiation risks and biological effects for plants under spaceflight conditions. However, the biological effects and sensitive genes caused by heavy ions with different linear energy transfer (LET) values have not been thoroughly studied.

Methods: To comprehensively analyze the biological effects of heavy ions with different LET values on rice under spaceflight conditions, we utilized the Shijian-10 recoverable satellite (SJ-10) to transport the dehydrated rice seeds on a 12.

Existing hip joint disease is associated with an increased incidence of hip fracture in adults: A retrospective survey of 9710 individuals from a single center.

Objective: In hip disease patients, pain and movement restrictions might cause changes in bone strength and increase the likelihood of falls, finally leading to hip fracture. The aim of this study was to identify the incidence of, characteristics of and risk factors for hip fracture in patients with existing hip disease.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study.

A new joint reconstruction technique in the treatment of giant cell tumors around the knee: Structural allograft and unicompartmental arthroplasty.

Objective: The long-term prognosis of patients who underwent unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) with a structural allograft or hemiarticular allograft transplantation to treat giant cell tumors (GCTs) around the knee and the prosthesis survival rate were analyzed.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 73 patients who were diagnosed with GCTs around the knee and underwent surgery to restore joint function from 2000 to 2015. Patients were divided into two groups according to the surgical procedure used for functional knee reconstruction: hemiarticular allograft transplantation or structural allograft and UKA.

Bone Remodelling of the Proximal Femur After Hip Revision with a Metaphyseal-Fixation Femoral Stem Component.

Background: Whether hip revision with a metaphyseal-fixation femoral stem component can restore the bone mass of the proximal femur remains unclear. The aims of this study were to identify whether the bone mineral density (BMD) of the proximal femur increases following hip revision with a metaphyseal-fixation femoral stem and to identify the factors associated with BMD recovery.

Methods: This was a retrospective study involving 36 patients who underwent hip arthroplasty with a metaphyseal-diaphyseal fixation stem (standard length stem) and had indications for hip revision, which was performed with a proximal press-fit short-stem prosthesis for each patient.

The diagnostic value of blood sample NGS in patients with early periprosthetic joint infection after total hip arthroplasty.

The diagnostic value of next-generation sequencing (NGS) of blood samples from patients with periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) after total hip arthroplasty (THA) was evaluated by comparing it with drainage fluid NGS and bacterial culture. The study was designed as a retrospective diagnostic test. Thirty-six infected patients were diagnosed with PJI according to the Musculoskeletal Infection Society (MSIS) criteria and 57 volunteers were included in our study.

Differential Soft Sensor-Based Measurement of Interactive Force and Assistive Torque for a Robotic Hip Exoskeleton.

With the emerging of wearable robots, the safety and effectiveness of human-robot physical interaction have attracted extensive attention. Recent studies suggest that online measurement of the interaction force between the robot and the human body is essential to the aspects above in wearable exoskeletons. However, a large proportion of existing wearable exoskeletons monitor and sense the delivered force and torque through an indirect-measure method, in which the torque is estimated by the motor current.

First measurements of the radiation dose on the lunar surface.

Human exploration of the Moon is associated with substantial risks to astronauts from space radiation. On the surface of the Moon, this consists of the chronic exposure to galactic cosmic rays and sporadic solar particle events. The interaction of this radiation field with the lunar soil leads to a third component that consists of neutral particles, i.

Deformable adult human phantoms for radiation protection dosimetry: anthropometric data representing size distributions of adult worker populations and software algorithms.

Computational phantoms representing workers and patients are essential in estimating organ doses from various occupational radiation exposures and medical procedures. Nearly all existing phantoms, however, were purposely designed to match internal and external anatomical features of the Reference Man as defined by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP). To reduce uncertainty in dose calculations caused by anatomical variations, a new generation of phantoms of varying organ and body sizes is needed.

An ICRP-based Chinese adult male voxel model and its absorbed dose for idealized photon exposures--the skeleton.

A site-specific skeleton voxel model for a Chinese adult male was constructed in this paper upon a previous Chinese individual voxel model. The whole skeleton was divided into 19 site-specific bones and bone groups; the mass of various skeleton tissues at each bone site, e.g.

Organ dose conversion coefficients on an ICRP-based Chinese adult male voxel model from idealized external photons exposures.

A high-resolution whole-body voxel model called CAM representing the Chinese adult male was constructed in this paper based on a previous individual voxel model. There are more than 80 tissues and organs in CAM, including almost all organs required in the ICRP new recommendation. The mass of individual organs has been adjusted to the Chinese reference data.

An analysis of dependency of counting efficiency on worker anatomy for in vivo measurements: whole-body counting.

In vivo radiobioassay is integral to many health physics and radiological protection programs dealing with internal exposures. The Bottle Manikin Absorber (BOMAB) physical phantom has been widely used for whole-body counting calibrations. However, the shape of BOMAB phantoms-a collection of plastic, cylindrical shells which contain no bones or internal organs-does not represent realistic human anatomy.

CNMAN: a Chinese adult male voxel phantom constructed from color photographs of a visible anatomical data set.

A voxel phantom of Chinese adult male called CNMAN was constructed from color photographs of the first Chinese visible human data set, for radiation protection purpose. This data set was obtained from a 35-y-old Chinese male cadaver by a medical university in China. The man, 170 cm in height and 65 kg in weight, was dead without any pathological changes.