Genomic insights into ecological adaptation of oaks revealed by phylogenomic analysis of multiple species.

Understanding the ecological adaptation of tree species can not only reveal the evolutionary potential but also benefit biodiversity conservation under global climate change. is a keystone genus in Northern Hemisphere forests, and its wide distribution in diverse ecosystems and long evolutionary history make it an ideal model for studying the genomic basis of ecological adaptations. Here we used a newly sequenced genome of , an evergreen oak species from East Asia, with 18 published Fagales genomes to determine how Fagaceae genomes have evolved, identify genomic footprints of ecological adaptability in oaks in general, as well as between evergreen and deciduous oaks.

sp. nov.: unraveling a critical evolutionary link in East Asian from Central China integrating morphology, phylogeny, and plastid genomics.

Introduction: L., representing the largest genus within the mint family, is noted for its global distribution of approximately 1000 species, with East Asia, and particularly China, recognized as a critical center of diversity for the genus.

Methods: Our research was conducted through extensive fieldwork in Guidong County, Hunan Province, China, where we identified a previously undescribed species of .

Nightmare or delight: Taxonomic circumscription meets reticulate evolution in the phylogenomic era.

Phylogenetic studies in the phylogenomics era have demonstrated that reticulate evolution greatly impedes the accuracy of phylogenetic inference, and consequently can obscure taxonomic treatments. However, the systematics community lacks a broadly applicable strategy for taxonomic delimitation in groups characterized by pervasive reticulate evolution. The red-fruit genus, Stranvaesia, provides an ideal model to examine the influence of reticulation on generic circumscription, particularly where hybridization and allopolyploidy dominate the evolutionary history.

includes (Maleae, Rosaceae): evidence from phylogenomics and morphology.

has been treated as a separate genus or merged into or . Our phylogenomic evidence from 797 single-copy nuclear genes and plastomes confirmed the sister relationship between and . By integrating the phylogenomic and morphological evidence, we propose to accept a broad generic concept of and merge into .

, a new species of (Violaceae) from karst forest in Guizhou, China.

Xiao C. Li & Z. W.

Self-Distilled Supervised Contrastive Learning for diagnosis of breast cancers with histopathological images.

Convolutional neural networks (CNN) and its variants have been widely used for developing the histopathological image based computer-aided diagnosis (CAD). However, the annotated data are scarce in clinical practice, and limited training samples generally cannot well train the CNN model, resulting in degraded predictive performance. To this end, we propose a novel Self-Distilled Supervised Contrastive Learning (SDSCL) algorithm to improve the diagnostic performance of a CNN-based CAD for breast cancer.

A new species () of Begoniaceae from southern Xizang (Tibet) of China.

, a huge new species in Begoniasect.Platycentrum of Begoniaceae from southern Xizang (Tibet) of China, is described. Morphologically, it is mostly similar to and , but clearly differs from the former mainly by its dioecious and taller plants, sparse hairs on abaxial veins, longer inflorescence, unique shape of fruits, and differs from the latter mainly by its late and longer flowering time, 6-tepals of female flower and 3-loculed ovary.

Development of nuclear and chloroplast polymorphic microsatellites for Crossostephium chinense (Asteraceae).

Background: Crossostephium chinense is a traditional Chinese medicinal herb and it is often cultivated as an ornamental plant. Previous studies on this species mainly focused on its chemical composition and it was rarely represented in genetic studies, and thus genomic resources remain scarce.

Methods And Results: Both chloroplast and nuclear polymorphic microsatellites of C.

, a new species of Begoniaceae from Guangdong, China.

D.K.Tian & X.

The genome of and characterization of the celastrol biosynthesis pathway.

is a vine from the Celastraceae family that is used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). The active ingredient, celastrol, is a friedelane-type pentacyclic triterpenoid with putative roles as an antitumor, immunosuppressive, and anti-obesity agent. Here, we report a reference genome assembly of with high-quality annotation using a hybrid sequencing strategy.