Effect of direct voltage induction by low-frequency security systems on neurostimulator lead.

Low-frequency (LF) security systems, such as antitheft electronic article surveillance (EAS) gates emit strong magnetic fields that could potentially interfere with neurostimulator operation. Some patients reported pain and shocking sensations near EAS gates, even after they turned off their pulse generator. To investigate the direct voltage induction of EAS systems on neurostimulator leads, we evaluated voltages induced by two EAS systems (14 kHz continuous wave or 58 kHz pulsed) on a 40 cm sacral neurostimulator lead formed in a circular loop attached to a pulse generator that was turned off.

Nonlinear time reversal of classical waves: experiment and model.

We consider time reversal of electromagnetic waves in a closed, wave-chaotic system containing a discrete, passive, harmonic-generating nonlinearity. An experimental system is constructed as a time-reversal mirror, in which excitations generated by the nonlinearity are gathered, time-reversed, transmitted, and directed exclusively to the location of the nonlinearity. Here we show that such nonlinear objects can be purely passive (as opposed to the active nonlinearities used in previous work), and we develop a higher data rate exclusive communication system based on nonlinear time reversal.

Nonlinear time reversal in a wave chaotic system.

Exploiting the time-reversal invariance and reciprocal properties of the lossless wave equation enables elegantly simple solutions to complex wave-scattering problems and is embodied in the time-reversal mirror. Here we demonstrate the implementation of an electromagnetic time-reversal mirror in a wave chaotic system containing a discrete nonlinearity. We demonstrate that the time-reversed nonlinear excitations reconstruct exclusively upon the source of the nonlinearity.