Co-delivery of Siape1 and Melatonin by I-loaded PSMA-targeted Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Prostate Cancer.

Background: Both apurinic/apyrimidinic endodeoxyribonuclease 1 (APE1) inhibition and melatonin suppress prostate cancer (PCa) growth.

Objective: This study evaluated the therapeutic efficiency of self-assembled and prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeted nanocarrier loading I radioactive particles and encapsulating siRNA targeting APE1 (siAPE1) and melatonin for PCa.

Methods: The linear polyarginine R12 polypeptide was prepared using Fmoc-Arg-Pbf-OH.

Integrative multi-omics analysis depicts the methylome and hydroxymethylome in recurrent bladder cancers and identifies biomarkers for predicting PD-L1 expression.

Background: Urinary bladder cancer (UBC) is a common malignancy of the urinary tract; however, the mechanism underlying its high recurrence and responses to immunotherapy remains unclear, making clinical outcome predictions difficult. Epigenetic alterations, especially DNA methylation, play important roles in bladder cancer development and are increasingly being investigated as biomarkers for diagnostic or prognostic predictions. However, little is known about hydroxymethylation since previous studies based on bisulfite-sequencing approaches could not differentiate between 5mC and 5hmC signals, resulting in entangled methylation results.

Activation hypoxia inducible factor-1α gene affected the tumor microenvironment and induced recurrence and invasion of bladder cancer in vitro.

Objective: This work aimed to investigate the molecular mechanism of the activation of hypoxia-inducible factors under different low oxygen partial pressures.

Methods: Strictly follow in vitro aseptic culture of bladder cancer cell line UMUC3 and when the cells grow in the logarithmic phase, culture the cells under different low oxygen partial pressures. Among these groups, two groups of cells were transfected with small interfering-hypoxia inducible factor 1α (si-HIF-1α) liposome plasmids to silencing the HIF-1α expression.

CDH1 overexpression predicts bladder cancer from early stage and inversely correlates with immune infiltration.

Background: Bladder cancer (BC) seriously endangers public health, but effective biomarkers for BC diagnosis, particularly in the early stage, are still lacking. Identification of reliable biomarkers associated with early-stage BC is of great importance to early treatment and an improved outcome.

Methods: Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using four publicly available early-stage BC gene-expression profiles.

Decreased Sirt3 contributes to cyclic production of reactive oxygen species and islet β-cell apoptosis in high glucose conditions.

Background: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays a vital role in the apoptosis of islet β-cells in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Sirt3 (Sirtuin 3, a deacetylase) and FoxO1 (a transcription factor) might be involved in ROS production. This study was to investigate mechanism of ROS production and β-cell apoptosis in T2DM.

Quercetin ameliorates oxidative stress‑induced cell apoptosis of seminal vesicles via activating Nrf2 in type 1 diabetic rats.

It was known that diabetes may affect the male reproductive function by inhibiting the secretion of male accessory glands including seminal vesicles. Increased cell apoptosis induced by oxidative stress is thought to be an important pathological change in the seminal vesicles in diabetic patients. Quercetin is a potent anti-oxidative bioflavonoid.

Quercetin protects islet β-cells from oxidation-induced apoptosis via Sirt3 in T2DM.

Objectives: Sirt3 may regulate ROS production and might be involved in β-cell apoptosis, which plays an important role in the progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Quercetin is a potent anti-oxidative bioflavonoid, but its effects on T2DM remain to be explored. This study aimed to investigate the effects of quercetin on β-cell apoptosis and explore its mechanisms.

Preoperative Fibrinogen-Albumin Ratio, Potential Prognostic Factors for Bladder Cancer Patients Undergoing Radical Cystectomy: A Two-Center Study.

Background: We conducted a two-center study to investigate the prognostic value of preoperative fibrinogen-albumin ratio (FAR) in patients undergoing radical cystectomy (RC).

Methods: The clinical and survival data of 267 patients with bladder cancer (BCa) treated with RC were collected, of which 140 patients from Xuzhou Central Hospital were divided into training set and 127 patients from The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University were divided into validation set. X-tile software was used to obtain the optimal cut-off values for preoperative platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and FAR.

Accessory spleen after splenectomy mimicking adrenal tumor: a case report.

Accessory spleen is a congenital anomaly, those asymptomatic generally do not need surgical intervention. Retroperitoneal heterotopic accessory spleens are often misdiagnosed, especially in cases that have undergone splenectomy for various reasons. In these cases, most patients are received unnecessary resection for misdiagnosed as adrenal gland tumors, ganglioblastomas or paragangliomas preoperatively.

Antitumor mechanism of MAP30 in bladder cancer T24 cells, and its potential toxic effects in mice.

To investigate the antitumor mechanism of MAP30 in human bladder cell line (T24) and its potential toxic effects in mice.  In this study, the biological behavior of MAP30's influence on bladder cell was investigated to reveal the antitumor mechanism and role of MAP30 in bladder cancer. MAP30 gene sequence optimized by gene synthesis codon was inserted into the prokaryotic expression vector pET-28a to produce a large amount of target protein in Escherichia coli.

Comprehensive gene expression analysis after ERH gene knockdown in human bladder cancer T24 cell lines.

Introduction: In this article, we utilized Ingenuity® Pathway Analysis (IPA®) bioinformatics analysis software and Metascape® bioinformatics analysis website tools to analyse the possible mechanism of ERH affecting tumourigenesis (proliferation and apoptosis) in bladder cancer (BC) T24 cells.

Methods: The ERH gene was knocked down, and BC T24 cells were divided into ERH normal and knockdown groups. Affymetrix® gene expression microarrays were performed to obtain a differentially expressed gene list (DEGL) between the 2 groups.

Effects of Free Anthraquinones Extract from the Rhubarb on Cell Proliferation and Accumulation of Extracellular Matrix in High Glucose Cultured-Mesangial Cells.

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the leading cause of end-stage failure of the kidney, but the efficacy of currently available strategies for the prevention of DN remains unsatisfactory. In this study, we investigated the effects of free anthraquinones (FARs) extract, which was extracted from the rhubarb and purified by macroporous resin DM130 with gradient mixtures of ethanol/water as the lelution solvents, in high glucose-cultured glomerular mesangial cells (MCs). The cell proliferation was determined by CCK-8 assay, the levels of TGF-β1, CTGF, ColIV and FN proteins in the supernatant of MCs were measured by ELISA assays, and the mRNA levels of these four genes were detected by RT-PCR.

Re-transurethral resection treatment for non-invasive bladder tumor.

The objective of this study was to compare surgical treatments for non-invasive bladder tumor. Hundred and forty patients with non-invasive bladder tumor were studied. Seventy-three patients were treated by transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) and Repeated-Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumor (R-TURBT), while 67 by partial cystectomy.

[Elective microscopic resection of dorsal penile nerves for primary premature ejaculation: a clinical observation].

Objective: To evaluate the effect of elective microscopic resection of dorsal penile nerves in the treatment of primary premature ejaculation (PPE).

Methods: Seventy-eight PPE patients received elective microscopic resection of dorsal penile nerves, 5 branches in 9 cases, 6 in 17, 7 in 15, 8 in 14, 9 in 8, 10 in 6, 11 in 6, and 12 in 3. The patients were followed up for 12 months, and their intravaginal ejaculation latency time (IELT) and sexual intercourse satisfaction scores were recorded before and after treatment.

Target expression of Staphylococcus enterotoxin A from an oncolytic adenovirus suppresses mouse bladder tumor growth and recruits CD3+ T cell.

We recently engineered an oncolytic adenovirus (PPE3-SEA) that expresses the superantigen, Staphylococcus enterotoxin A (SEA), and that has enhanced tumor specificity because the telomerase reverse transcriptase and hypoxia-inducible factor promoters regulate expression of E1A and E1B genes, respectively. Here, we evaluated the PPE3-SEA adenovirus anti-tumor activity against MB49 mouse bladder cancer cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. PPE3-SEA infection of murine MB49 cells in vitro induced cytopathic effects, and significant expression of SEA mRNA and protein, as measured by RT-PCR and western blot, respectively.

The transurethral seminal vesiculoscopy in the diagnosis and treatment of the seminal vesicle disease.

To develop a transurethral endoscopy technique of the transurethral seminal vesiculoscopy to examine and treat seminal vesicle disease. A total of 61 patients with seminal vesicle disease were diagnosed and treated with the transurethral seminal vesiculoscopy through the distal seminal tracts and vesicles. 58 cases were successfully treated using transurethral seminal vesiculoscopy via the seminal vesicles.

Mechanism of monoclonal antibody-coupled Staphylococcus superantigen-A induced apoptosis in human bladder cancer cells.

To investigate the mechanism of apoptosis induced by BDI-1 monoclonal antibody (MAb) coupled Staphylococcal superantigen-A (SEA) in human bladder cancer cell line BIU-87. Human PBMC (effector cells) mediated cytotoxic killing of BIU-87 cells (target cells) was studied by culturing the BIU-87 cells in the presence of effector cells plus medium after their activation by treatment with SEA-targeted by MAb, SEA alone or vehicle (control). Proliferation and apoptosis of BIU-87 cells was measured after the treatments.

[Correlation of testis/sperm specific thioredoxin-1, 2 and 3 with male reproduction].

Sptrx-1, 2 and 3 are a series of thioredoxins specifically expressed in the testis/sperm. They play a significant role structurally and functionally in the process of spermiogenesis. The genesis and mutation of sptrx-1, 2 and 3 are correlated to male reproduction.