Overlooked roles of ClO and Cl in micropollutant abatement and DBP formation by chlorination.

This study investigated the roles of diverse free available chlorine (FAC) species including HOCl/OCl, HOCl, ClO, and Cl in the degradation of micropollutants. The degradation of 5 micropollutants was significantly affected by pH, FAC dosage, and chloride (Cl) concentration. The reaction orders in FAC (n) of 5 micropollutants (acetaminophen, carbamazepine, naproxen, gemfibrozil, and mecoprop) ranged from 1.

Design and synthesis of novel pyrazino[2,1-a]isoquinolin derivatives with potent antifungal activity.

A series of novel pyrazino[2,1-a]isoquinolin compounds were designed, synthesized, and their antifungal activities in vitro were evaluated. The results showed that all of the title compounds exhibited antifungal activities. Most of them exhibited stronger antifungal activities than the lead compounds; compound 7c is more potent than fluconazole against two of the three tested fungal strains.

Synthesis and antifungal activities in vitro of novel pyrazino [2,1-a] isoquinolin derivatives.

A series of novel pyrazino[2,1-a]isoquinolin compounds were designed and synthesized, and their antifungal activities in vitro were evaluated. The results showed that all of the compounds exhibited antifungal activities. Some of them exhibited stronger antifungal activities than that of lead compounds and among them compound 11b was the most potent one, which showed more potent than that of the active control fluconazole to the four of the five tested fungi.