Osr2 functions as a biomechanical checkpoint to aggravate CD8 T cell exhaustion in tumor.

Alterations in extracellular matrix (ECM) architecture and stiffness represent hallmarks of cancer. Whether the biomechanical property of ECM impacts the functionality of tumor-reactive CD8 T cells remains largely unknown. Here, we reveal that the transcription factor (TF) Osr2 integrates biomechanical signaling and facilitates the terminal exhaustion of tumor-reactive CD8 T cells.

A Case-Control Study on Factors of HPV Vaccination for Mother and Daughter in China.

(1) Background: To explore the influencing factors of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination among mothers and daughters so as to provide evidence and strategies for improving the HPV vaccination rate of 9-18-years-old girls. (2) A questionnaire survey was conducted among the mothers of 9-18-year-old girls from June to August 2022. The participants were divided into the mother and daughter vaccinated group (M1D1), the mother-only vaccinated group (M1D0), and the unvaccinated group (M0D0).

TLR4 signalling via Piezo1 engages and enhances the macrophage mediated host response during bacterial infection.

TLR4 signaling plays key roles in the innate immune response to microbial infection. Innate immune cells encounter different mechanical cues in both health and disease to adapt their behaviors. However, the impact of mechanical sensing signals on TLR4 signal-mediated innate immune response remains unclear.

Macrophage achieves self-protection against oxidative stress-induced ageing through the Mst-Nrf2 axis.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in phagocytes is a major defense mechanism against pathogens. However, the cellular self-protective mechanism against such potential damage from oxidative stress remains unclear. Here we show that the kinases Mst1 and Mst2 (Mst1/2) sense ROS and maintain cellular redox balance by modulating the stability of antioxidant transcription factor Nrf2.

Structural characterization and antioxidant activities of κ-carrageenan oligosaccharides degraded by different methods.

In the present study, four kinds of κ-carrageenan oligosaccharides were obtained by the degradation of parent κ-carrageenan using free radical depolymerization, mild acid hydrolysis, κ-carrageenase digestion and partial reductive hydrolysis, respectively. Their structure types were accurately and comparatively elucidated by ESI-MS and CID MS/MS. The antioxidant activities of different degraded products were investigated by four different antioxidant assays, including superoxide radical scavenging activity, hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, reducing power and DPPH radical scavenging activity.