Current state, challenges and future orientations of the applications of lactic acid bacteria exopolysaccharide in foods.

In the quest for a balanced diet and better health, the global shift towards nutrient-dense foods highlights the multiple roles of lactic acid bacteria exopolysaccharides (LAB-EPS) in improving food quality and health. This paper offers a comprehensive survey of LAB-EPS, focusing on their classification, biosynthesis pathways and application in the food industry, from dairy products to bakery products and meat. It highlights the impact of LAB-EPS on the texture and sensory qualities of food.

How does an innovative decision-making scheme affect the high-quality economic development driven by green finance and higher education?

This research examines the various elements that contribute to the achievement of high-quality economic development (HQED) in China. Specifically, it explores the influence of several major indices, such as the Green Finance Index, Energy Development Index, Higher Education, Technology Market Environment, and Human Capital. In this study, we utilize a Spatial Durbin Model to examine the interdependencies and spatial linkages between various variables, and their combined impact on China's efforts towards achieving HQED.

C-H Bond Alkylations and Difluoromethylation of Tertiary Phosphines Using a Ruthenium Catalyst.

-C-H bond functionalization of tertiary phosphines was developed using [Ru(-cymene)Cl] as a catalyst. Desired product structures were confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Mechanistic experiments indicated that -C-H bond functionalization was a radical reaction and that a hexagonal ruthenacycle complex was a crucial intermediate in the process.

-Dehydrogenative Alkylation of Arenes with Ethers, Ketones, and Esters Catalyzed by Ruthenium.

A -dehydrogenative alkylation of arenes with cyclic ethers, ketones, and esters catalyzed by ruthenium is achieved in the presence of a di--butyl peroxide (DTBP) oxidant. Interestingly, when quinoline and isoquinoline are employed as the directing group, or a chain ether as alkylation reagent, the system produces Minisci reaction products. Mechanistic study indicates that -dehydrogenative alkylation is a radical process initiated by DTBP with the assistance of a C-Ru bond /-directing effect.