ctDNA Hypermethylation is a Prognostic Indicator in EGFR-TKI-Treated Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Purpose: DNA methylation plays a regulatory role in the oncogenesis and tumor progression and is valuable in the diagnosis and prognosis of cancer. While circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is widely used in the detection of oncogenic mutations and the guidance of treatment in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), studies of ctDNA methylation remains insufficient. We aim to investigate the methylation profiles of ctDNA in patients with advanced NSCLC undergoing EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) therapy and to discover novel biomarkers with predictive or prognostic value.

Improved Anti-Oxidant and Anti-Bacterial Capacities of Skim Milk Fermented by .

Milk, on account of its abundant protein content, is recognized as a vital source of bioactive substances. In this study, the bioactive ingredients in milk were obtained by a combination of protease hydrolysis and fermentation with . The compositions of protease hydrolysate (PM) and fermentation supernatant (FM) were determined, and their anti-oxidant and anti-bacterial activities were evaluated.

Preparation and Application of High Internal Phase Pickering Emulsion Gels Stabilized by Starch Nanocrystal/Tannic Acid Complex Particles.

Herein, the starch nanocrystal/tannic acid (ST) complex particles, which were prepared based on the hydrogen bond between starch nanocrystal (SNC) and tannic acid (TA), were successfully used to stabilize the HIPPE gels. The optimal TA concentration of the ST complex particles resulted in better water dispersibility, surface wettability, and interfacial activity as compared to SNC. The hydrogen bond responsible for the formation of ST complex particles and subsequent stable emulsions was demonstrated by varying the pH and ionic strength of the aqueous phase.

Uncovering the Anti-Angiogenic Mechanisms of via Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation.

Background: (CA) has been used to address cancer for centuries in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Previous studies demonstrated its anti-angiogenesis efficacy, but the underlying mechanism of its action remains to be further clarified. This study aims to investigate the underlying mechanisms of CA and its triterpenes in anti-angiogenesis for cancer therapeutics through network pharmacology and experimental validation.

Comparative assessment of seed polypeptides toward the protection of human skin cells against oxidative stress-induced aging.

Skin aging has attracted much attention among the current aging population of society. The seeds of possess a variety of potential biological activities as a healthy diet. However, limited information is available on the skin-antiaging properties of seed protein and its hydrolysate.

Highly Transparent and Flexible Zn-TiCT MXene Hybrid Capacitors.

With the development of transparent and wearable electronic devices, energy supply units with high transmittance and flexibility, long cycle life, and high power and energy density are urgently needed. Zinc ion hybrid capacitors (ZIHCs) combined with the advantages of both supercapacitors and zinc ion batteries are promising energy supply components in the abovementioned devices. In addition, the preparation of multifunctional devices has become a trend for the need of space- and resource-saving.

Porous Pure MXene Fibrous Network for Highly Sensitive Pressure Sensors.

Wearable and elastic pressure sensors have caused widespread concern due to the popularity of smart terminals and human health monitoring. To obtain a flexible pressure sensor with a wide detection region and outstanding sensitivity, exploring new materials and novel structures has become the first choice for the research. Here, a wearable and flexible MXene fibrous network pressure sensor (MFNS) with a high sensitivity and wide detection region is reported.

Detection of circulating tumor cells in pulmonary venous blood for resectable non-small cell lung cancer.

Intraoperative manipulation causes circulating tumor cell (CTC) shedding into the blood and accelerates metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The present study was conducted to assess the degree of dissemination resulting from surgery and to explore the biological features of CTCs. In patients with NSCLC who underwent complete resection, the pulmonary vein (PV) was isolated and stapled following thoracotomy.

Circulating microRNA-422a is associated with lymphatic metastasis in lung cancer.

To identify specific circulating microRNAs that were associated with the lymphatic metastasis in lung cancer, we performed miRNA microarray analysis of lymph node with and without metastasis from five lung cancer patients. Top six differentially expressed miRNAs were selected for further validation. A training cohort of 26 patients with lung cancer was firstly recruited and the selected miRNAs in the plasma samples were investigated.

Effects of Constituent Compounds of Smilax china on Nicotine-Induced Endothelial Dysfunction in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells.

This study investigated the effects of compounds isolated from 70% ethanol (EtOH) extraction of Smilax china L. (SCE), a plant belonging to the family Smilacaceae on nicotine-induced endothelial dysfunction (ED) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. We isolated 10 compounds from ethyl acetate (EtOAc) fraction of 70% EtOH extract of SCE and investigated their inhibitory effect on nicotine-induced ED in endothelial cells.

Chemical Constituents of Euonymus alatus (Thunb.) Sieb. and Their PTP1B and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activities.

Phytochemical study on the corks of Euonymus alatus resulted in the isolation of a novel 3-hydroxycoumarinflavanol (23), along with ten triterpenoids (1-10), ten phenolic derivatives (11-20), and two flavonoid glycosides (21 and 22). Their structures were determined by extensive 1D and 2D-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic and mass spectrometry data analysis. Furthermore, their inhibitory effects against the protein tyrosine phosphatases 1B (PTP1B) and α-glucosidase enzyme activity were evaluated.

Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) inhibitory activity and glucosidase inhibitory activity of compounds isolated from Agrimonia pilosa.

Context: Despite phytochemical studies of Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb. (Rosaceae), the antidiabetic effects of this plant are unknown.

Objective: This study characterizes the isolated compounds from the aerial parts of A.

Insulin-mimetic selaginellins from Selaginella tamariscina with protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) inhibitory activity.

As part of an ongoing search for new antidiabetic agents from medicinal plants, three new (2, 4, and 5) and two known selaginellin derivatives (1 and 3) were isolated from a methanol extract of Selaginella tamariscina. The structures of the new compounds were determined by spectroscopic data analysis. All isolates showed strong glucose uptake stimulatory effects in 3T3-L1 adipocyte cells at a concentration of 5 μM.

Implications of false negative and false positive diagnosis in lymph node staging of NSCLC by means of ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT.

Background: Integrated ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT) is widely performed in hilar and mediastinal lymph node (HMLN) staging of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the diagnostic efficiency of PET/CT remains controversial. This retrospective study is to evaluate the accuracy of PET/CT and the characteristics of false negatives and false positives to improve specificity and sensitivity.

Retrospective study of surgical resection in the treatment of limited stage small cell lung cancer.

Background: Patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) are mainly treated by chemotherapy/radiotherapy, either alone or combined. Surgical resection is an optional treatment for few SCLC patients. The efficacy of surgical intervention for SCLC remains controversial.

MicroRNA let-7c inhibits migration and invasion of human non-small cell lung cancer by targeting ITGB3 and MAP4K3.

MicroRNAs play an important regulatory role in carcinogenesis and cancer metastasis. Different members of let-7 family have been reported to be decreased in human lung tumors. However, the effect of specific let-7 member on metastasis of NSCLC remains undefined.

A pilot study: sequential gemcitabine/cisplatin and icotinib as induction therapy for stage IIB to IIIA non-small-cell lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: A phase II clinical trial previously evaluated the sequential administration of erlotinib after chemotherapy for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This current pilot study assessed the feasibility of sequential induction therapy in patients with stage IIB to IIIA NSCLC adenocarcinoma.

Methods: Patients received gemcitabine 1,250 mg/m(2) on days 1 and 8 and cisplatin 75 mg/m(2) on day 1, followed by oral icotinib (125 mg, three times a day) on days 15 to 28.

Testicular orphan nuclear receptor 4-associated protein 16 promotes non-small cell lung carcinoma by activating estrogen receptor β and blocking testicular orphan nuclear receptor 2.

The possible involvement of estrogen receptors (ERs) and testicular orphan nuclear receptors (TRs) in human non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) has been suggested, but their precise roles and their relationship remain largely unknown. This study aimed to investigate whether TR4-associated protein 16 (TRA16) regulates the ERβ and TR2 pathways and could be a potential target in NSCLC. We used tissue microarrays including NSCLC tissues (n=154) and negative controls (n=14) to examine the expression of TRA16 and ERβ, and in vitro reporter gene assays, the mammalian two-hybrid method and immunoprecipitation in Cos-1 cells to investigate the relationships among TRA16, ERβ and TR2.

Constituents with DNA topoisomerases I and II inhibitory activity and cytotoxicity from the roots of Rubia cordifolia.

Activity-directed isolation of the ethyl acetate fraction from the roots of Rubia cordifolia resulted in the identification of a new anthraquinone, 1,3,6-trihydroxy-2-hydroxymethyl-9,10-anthraquinone-3- O- α- L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)- β-D-(6'-O-acetyl)-glucopyranoside (1), two new dihydronaphtoquinones, 1,4-dihydroxy-2-carbomethoxy-3-prenylnaphthalene-1-O- β-D-glucopyranoside (2) and mollugin-1-O- β- D-glucopyranoside (3), and a new monoterpenoid, 3 R,3a S,4 R,6a R-3,4,6-tris(hydroxymethyl)-3,3a,4,6a-tetrahydro-2 H-cyclopenta[ B]furan-2-one (4), together with nine known compounds (5-13). The structures of these compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic evidence. In addition, their DNA topoisomerases I and II inhibitory activity and cytotoxicity were measured.

Gastroprotective effect of cyanidin 3-glucoside on ethanol-induced gastric lesions in rats.

This study investigated the in vivo protective effect of cyanidin 3-glucoside (C3G) against ethanol-induced gastric lesions in rats. The experimental rats were treated with 80% ethanol after pretreatment with various doses of C3G (4 and 8 mg/kg of body weight), and the control rats received only 80% ethanol. Oral pretreatment with C3G significantly inhibited the formation of ethanol-induced gastric lesions and the elevation of the lipid peroxide level.