Regulation of Traction Force through the Direct Binding of Basigin and Calpain 4.

Traction force and mechanosensing (the ability to sense mechanical attributes of the environment) are two important factors used by a cell to modify behavior during migration. Previously it was determined that the calpain small subunit, calpain 4, regulates the production of traction force independent of its proteolytic holoenzyme. A proteolytic enzyme is formed by calpain4 binding to either of its catalytic partners, calpain 1 and 2.

Traction Force and Mechanosensing can be Functionally Distinguished Through the Use of Specific Domains of the Calpain Small Subunit.

Cell migration is a fundamental process pertaining to many critical physiological events. The ability to form and release adhesion structures is necessary for cell migration. The Calpain family of cysteine proteases are known to target adhesion proteins as their substrates and modulate adhesion dynamics.

BSR and Full-Length Transcriptome Approaches Identified Candidate Genes for High Seed Ratio in .

(1) Background: C. vietnamensis is very suitable for growth in the low hilly areas of southern subtropical regions. Under appropriate conditions, the oil yield of C.

Genome-wide identification of glutamate synthase gene family and expression patterns analysis in response to carbon and nitrogen treatment in Populus.

Glutamate synthase (GOGAT) is a key enzyme in glutamine synthetase (GS)/GOGAT cycle and at the hub of carbon and nitrogen metabolism, catalyzing the formation of glutamate from α-oxoglutarate and glutamine. In this study, members of GOGAT family in Populus trichocarpa were identified and analyzed by bioinformatics. The four PtGOGATs were divided into two subgroups: subgroup A (Fd-GOGAT1 and Fd-GOGAT2) and subgroup B (NADH-GOGAT1 and NADH-GOGAT2).

Functional Research on Three Presumed Asparagine Synthetase Family Members in Poplar.

Asparagine synthetase (AS), a key enzyme in plant nitrogen metabolism, plays an important role in plant nitrogen assimilation and distribution. Asparagine (Asn), the product of asparagine synthetase, is one of the main compounds responsible for organic nitrogen transport and storage in plants. In this study, we performed complementation experiments using an Asn-deficient strain to demonstrate that three putative asparagine synthetase family members in poplar () function in Asn synthesis.

Identification and expression analyses of the alanine aminotransferase (AlaAT) gene family in poplar seedlings.

Alanine aminotransferase (AlaAT, E.C.2.

Sequence and expression analysis of the AMT gene family in poplar.

Ammonium transporters (AMTs) are plasma membrane proteins that exclusively transport ammonium/ammonia. These proteins are encoded by an ancient gene family with many members. The molecular characteristics and evolutionary history of AMTs in woody plants are still poorly understood.

A study of conservation genetics in Cupressus chengiana, an endangered endemic of China, using ISSR markers.

ISSR markers were used to analyze the genetic diversity and genetic structure of eight natural populations of Cupressus chengiana in China. ISSR analysis using 10 primers was carried out on 92 different samples. At the species level, 136 polymorphic loci were detected.