A Conserved Endonuclease From Rust Fungi Suppresses Plant Extracellular DNA-Triggered Immunity.

Nuclease 1 (NUC1) is a highly conserved nonspecific endonuclease present in vertebrates, fungi, and a few plant species. While the involvement of yeast NUC1p in apoptotic cell death independent of metacaspase or apoptosis-inducing factors is documented, its function in other fungi, particularly pathogenic ones, remains elusive. In this study, we identified and characterised the homologue of yeast NUC1p, termed PstNUC1, in Puccinia striiformis f.

From defensive reasoning to innovation: how digital tools foster positive emotions in organizations.

Researchers of organizational learning and innovation have frequently claimed that defensive reasoning is an inducer of negative emotions present in most organizations, inhibiting continuing innovation and development and individuals' effective learning. Although a significant amount of research has been conducted on the factors that reduce defensive reasoning in an organization, the breakthrough process and its outcomes have not yet been studied. This study uses narrative network analysis on longitudinal data from a Chinese tourist resort to explore how organizational factors-such as institutional environments, social media platforms, and virtual-reality role transformations-help employees overcome defensive reasoning and foster innovation.

Comprehensive Quality Evaluation and Botanical Differentiation of Typhae Pollen Using UHPLC-DAD/Q-TOF-MS and Multivariate Chemometric Analysis.

Introduction: In China, Typhae Pollen (TP) has been extensively utilized as a medicinal product, which is the dried pollen from the male inflorescences of Typha angustifolia L. (TA), Typha orientalis Presl (TO), or species within the same genus. However, existing methods for differentiating the botanical origin and controlling the quality of TP are confusing, unreliable, and unsystematic.

Job preferences among traditional Chinese medicine clinical graduates in China: a discrete choice experiment.

Background: Primary-level Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) healthcare institutions are currently facing a severe shortage of TCM professionals, highlighting the urgent need to explore the job preferences of TCM clinical graduates. This study aimed to investigate the stated job preferences of TCM clinical graduates when seeking employment.

Methods: A discrete choice experiment (DCE) was conducted to assess the employment preferences of TCM clinical graduates from 16 TCM universities across China.

Current status and influencing factors of sleep-related worry among nurses in the department of anesthesiology: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Anesthesiology, as the core field of the treatment of critically ill patients, carries great work risks and pressure. Due to the uniqueness of their working environment and nature, medical staff have become a high incidence group of sleep-related worry and sleep disorders.

Objective: To investigate the sleep status of anesthesia nurses and analyze related influencing factors, so as to provide a reference for formulating targeted intervention measures.

Multifaceted environmental factors linked to metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease: an environment-wide association study.

Background: Environmental factors, or exposome, are non-negligible contributors to the occurrence and progression of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). Therefore, this environment-wide association study (EWAS) aimed to investigate the associations between multifarious environmental factors and MAFLD among the general adult population in the United States.

Methods: Eligible participants were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005-2020 cycles.

Diallyl disulfide knee joint injection protects against the early pathologic changes of articular cartilage and subchondral bone in ovariectomized rats.

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee joint is a prevalent joint disease that affects most aging individuals worldwide. An extract of garlic oil, diallyl disulfide (DADS), reportedly protects chondrocytes in vitro, with limited data available on its in vivo OA effects. We explored the efficacy of DADS in ovariectomy (OVX)-induced OA rats.

The application of reinforced endotracheal tubes with pressure indicators in preventing postoperative airway-related complications in neurosurgical patients: a randomized controlled study.

Background: Excessive cuff pressure can lead to complications associated with endotracheal intubation. This study aims to compare the effects of cuff inflation guided by a pressure indicator versus the tactile estimation method on postoperative airway-related complications in neurosurgical patients.

Methods: This study employed a prospective, randomized, double-blind, controlled design.

An ultrasound-guided modified iliac fascia and sacral plexus block application in a critically ill patient undergoing artificial femoral head replacement surgery: a case report.

Background: Hip fractures have become a significant clinical concern on a global scale in recent years. The burgeoning aging population has exacerbated this issue, leading to a rise in the number of hip fracture cases coupled with concomitant geriatric ailments. Therefore, it poses a huge challenge to anesthesiologists with the increasing number of critically ill patients who are not suitable for general anesthesia and intrathecal anesthesia.

β-hydroxybutyrylation and O-GlcNAc modifications of STAT1 modulate antiviral defense in aging.

Aging changes the protein activity status to affect the body's functions. However, how aging regulates protein posttranslational modifications (PTMs) to modulate the antiviral defense ability of the body remains unclear. Here, we found that aging promotes STAT1 β-hydroxybutyrylation (Kbhb) at Lys592, which inhibits the interaction between STAT1 and type-I interferon (IFN-I) receptor 2 (IFNAR2), thereby attenuating IFN-I-mediated antiviral defense activity.

A fine-grained human facial key feature extraction and fusion method for emotion recognition.

Emotion, a fundamental mapping of human responses to external stimuli, has been extensively studied in human-computer interaction, particularly in areas such as intelligent cockpits and systems. However, accurately recognizing emotions from facial expressions remains a significant challenge due to lighting conditions, posture, and micro-expressions. Emotion recognition using global or local facial features is a key research direction.

Dendritic DNA/quantum dot nanostructure-based electrochemiluminescence biosensor for sensitive assay of Hg.

A novel dendritic DNA-quantum dot (QD) electrochemiluminescence (ECL) probe was developed and an ECL biosensor constructed for sensitive detection of Hg in water samples by combining with enzyme-assisted multiple cycle amplification strategy. Firstly, the Y-shaped structure was formed based on the Hg-induced enzymatic cycle amplification technique, which improved the cutting efficiency and realized the double-amplified DNA product. Moreover, a unique dendritic DNA nanostructure loading numerous QDs was constructed, which can greatly amplify the ECL signal.

S1PR1-biased activation drives the resolution of endothelial dysfunction-associated inflammatory diseases by maintaining endothelial integrity.

G protein-coupled sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1PR1), a drug target for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), enables immune cells to egress from lymph nodes, but the treatment increases the risk of immunosuppression. The functional signaling pathway triggered by S1PR1 activation in endothelial cells and its therapeutic application remains unclear. Here, we showed that S1PR1 is highly expressed in endothelial cells of IBD patients and positively correlated with endothelial markers.

CTA-based deep-learning integrated model for identifying irregular shape and aneurysm size of unruptured intracranial aneurysms.

Background: Artificial intelligence can help to identify irregular shapes and sizes, crucial for managing unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs). However, existing artificial intelligence tools lack reliable classification of UIA shape irregularity and validation against gold-standard three-dimensional rotational angiography (3DRA). This study aimed to develop and validate a deep-learning model using computed tomography angiography (CTA) for classifying irregular shapes and measuring UIA size.

miR-214-3p attenuates ferroptosis-induced cellular damage in a mouse model of diabetic retinopathy through the p53/SLC7A11/GPX4 axis.

Ferroptosis has been implicated in the development of diabetic retinopathy (DR). This study aimed to identify novel ferroptosis-related regulators involved in the pathophysiology of DR using an in vivo streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic model in C57BL/6J mice and cultured primary human retinal vascular endothelial cells (HRECs). Transmission electron microscopy revealed mitochondrial morphological changes consistent with ferroptosis in vascular endothelial cells from STZ-treated mice.

Allograft inflammatory Factor-1 induces the dedifferentiation of Vascular Smooth Muscle cells into a macrophage-like phenotype both in vivo and in vitro.

Atherosclerosis, a chronic lipid-driven vascular inflammatory disease involving multiple cell types, is the primary cause of cardiovascular disease-related morbidity and mortality. Allograft inflammatory factor 1 (AIF-1) contributes to atherosclerosis development by affecting vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Increasing research indicates that VSMCs are pivotal in atherosclerosis progression, particularly in macrophage-like phenotypic switching, though the mechanism of AIF-1 VSMCs phenotypic switching is not well understood.

Deciphering significances of autophagy in the development and metabolism of adipose tissue.

The mechanisms of adipose tissue activation and inactivation have been a hot topic of research in the last decade, from which countermeasures have been attempted to be found against obesity as well as other lipid metabolism-related diseases, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Autophagy has been shown to be closely related to the regulation of adipocyte activity, which is involved in the whole process including white adipocyte differentiation/maturation and brown or beige adipocyte generation/activation. Dysregulation of autophagy in adipose tissue has been demonstrated to be associated with obesity.

Hsp70 incompletely disaggregates misfolded K488X-menin to promote tumourigenesis in a family with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1.

Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is caused by germline mutations in the MEN1 gene, including nonsense mutations and missense variants, which result in the formation of truncated inactive menin protein and some of which cause degradation of mutant menin proteins. Here, we describe a c.1462 A > T (p.

Study on adventitious root induction and endogenous hormone dynamics during cutting propagation of Distylium chinense.

Distylium chinense has strong ecological adaptability and high ornamental value, which should have broad application prospects in urban landscaping. However, its low cutting rooting rate and slow rooting speed, as well as limited varietal numbers, have hindered its promotion and application in landscape. This study aims to reveal the development characteristics of adventitious roots (AR) and the regulation mechanism of endogenous hormones during the cutting propagation.

Synergistic role of gut-microbial L-ornithine in enhancing ustekinumab efficacy for Crohn's disease.

The role of the intestinal microbiome in Crohn's disease (CD) treatment remains poorly understood. This study investigates microbe-host interactions in CD patients undergoing ustekinumab (UST) therapy. Fecal metagenome, metabolome, and host transcriptome data from 85 CD patients were analyzed using multi-omics integration and mediation analysis.

A photothermal-photocatalytic layered aerogel for harvesting water and hydrogen from seawater.

Photocatalytic hydrogen production from seawater holds potential to decrease the use of fresh or pre-treated water. However, direct photocatalytic splitting of seawater currently encounters challenges such as corrosion of catalyst and unsatisfied stability. To address these issues, we have integrated seawater desalination with photocatalytic water vapor splitting for in-situ hydrogen production, while also obtaining freshwater.

Lactobacillus plantarum reduces polystyrene microplastic induced toxicity via multiple pathways: A potentially effective and safe dietary strategy to counteract microplastic harm.

Plastic materials, ubiquitous in daily life, degrade into microplastics (MPs) that can accumulate in humans through the food chain, leading to health issues. While some antioxidants have been shown to mitigate the toxicity caused by MPs exposure, they are only effective at high doses, which can be harmful to human health when ingested in excess. Concurrently, Lactobacillus species have demonstrated the ability to adsorb onto micro- and nano-plastics (MNPs), with certain strains exhibiting high antioxidant activity.

Nano-flower spherical NiFe LDH adsorbent for efficient removal of HS in blast furnace gas.

Removal of sulfur species from blast furnace gas is urgently needed due to the strict emission limits imposed on iron-steel industrial flue gas. Improving the sulfur capacity of HS is a crucial challenge to reduce the operation cost. NiFe layered double hydroxide (LDH) adsorbents were synthesized using the hydrothermal method to strengthen the adsorption of HS, achieving a high sulfur capacity of 133.

Lead (Pb) load interacts with oxidative stress in Drosophila melanogaster through MTF-1/Nrf2/JNK mediated metallothionein expression.

Lead (Pb) is one of the most severe and hazardous forms of heavy metal pollution, exerting its cytotoxicity primarily by inducing oxidative stress. The existing research focused on the effects of Pb on the redox balance of various organisms. However, the comprehension of the regulatory function of oxidative stress in Pb metabolism, particularly in insects, remains unknown.