Pd-Decorated SnO Nanofilm Integrated on Silicon Nanowires for Enhanced Hydrogen Sensing.

The development of reliable, highly sensitive hydrogen sensors is crucial for the safe implementation of hydrogen-based energy systems. This paper proposes a novel way to enhance the performance of hydrogen sensors through integrating Pd-SnO nanofilms on the substrate with silicon nanowires (SiNWs). The samples were fabricated via a simple and cost-effective process, mainly consisting of metal-assisted chemical etching (MaCE) and electron beam evaporation.

High-Uniformity, Shape-Controlled Silicon Nanowires for Enhanced Performance in Optoelectronic Devices.

Silicon nanowires (Si NWs) have attracted considerable interest owing to their distinctive properties, which render them promising candidates for a wide range of advanced applications in electronics, photonics, energy storage, and sensing. However, challenges in achieving large-scale production, high uniformity, and shape control limit their practical use. This study presents a novel fabrication approach combining nanoimprint lithography, nanotransfer printing, and metal-assisted chemical etching to produce highly uniform and shape-controlled Si NW arrays.

Preinoculation with Bradyrhizobium japonicum enhances the salt tolerance of Glycine max seedlings by regulating polyamine metabolism in roots.

Rhizobia are common symbiotic microorganisms in the root system of leguminous plants that can usually provide nitrogen to the host through nitrogen fixation. Studies have shown that rhizobium-preinoculated soybean plants usually exhibit improved salt tolerance, but the underlying mechanism is not fully understood. In this paper, transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) revealed that preinoculation with rhizobia affected polyamine (PA) metabolism in soybean roots.

Functional Characterisation of the Transcription Factor Gene from in Overexpressed Soybean Composite Plants and under Salt Stress.

WRKY proteins are a superfamily of transcription factors (TFs) that play multiple roles in plants' growth, development, and environmental stress response. In this study, a novel WRKY gene called that is specifically upregulated in salt-tolerant accession BB52 seedlings was identified by transcriptomic analysis under salt stress. How the physiological functions and mechanisms of the gene affect salt tolerance was investigated using transformations of soybean hairy roots and , including wild-type (WT) and -mutant plants.

Controlling amorphous silicon in scratching for fabricating high-performance micromixers.

As core parts of microfluidic chip analysis systems, micromixers show robust applications in wide fields. However, restricted by the fabrication technology, it remains challenging to achieve high-quality micromixers with both delicately designed structure and efficient mixing. In this study, based on the theory of chaotic mixing, sinusoidal structures with variable phases were designed and then fabricated through scanning probe lithography (SPL) and post-selective etching.

Nanoscratch-induced formation of metallic micro/nanostructures with resin masks.

Metallic micro/nanostructures present a wide range of applications due to the small size and superior performances. In order to obtain high-performance devices, it is of great importance to develop new methods for preparing metallic micro/nanostructures with high quality, low cost, and precise position. It is found that metallic micro/nanostructures can be obtained by scratch-induced directional deposition of metals on silicon surface, where the mask plays a key role in the process.

Lateral Bending of Ag Nanowires toward Controllable Manipulation.

Nanowires (NWs) provide opportunities for building high-performance sensors and devices at micro-/nanoscales. Directional movement and assembly of NWs have attracted extensive attention; however, controllable manipulation remains challenging partly due to the lack of understanding on interfacial interactions between NWs and substrates (or contacting probes). In the present study, lateral bending of Ag NWs was investigated under various bending angles and pushing velocities, and the mechanical performance corresponding to microstructures was clarified based on high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTRM) detections.

Clinical characteristics and risk factors of organ failure and death in necrotizing pancreatitis.

Background: Organ failure (OF) and death are considered the most significant adverse outcomes in necrotizing pancreatitis (NP). However, there are few NP-related studies describing the clinical traits of OF and aggravated outcomes.

Purpose: An improved insight into the details of OF and death will be helpful to the management of NP.

Elevated hypertriglyceridemia and decreased gallstones in the etiological composition ratio of acute pancreatitis as affected by seasons and festivals: A two-center real-world study from China.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to observe the annual variation in the etiology of acute pancreatitis (AP) and its relationship with seasons and festivals.

Methods: From 2011 to 2017, 5146 adult patients with AP were studied, including 4110 patients from the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University (South center) and 1036 patients from the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University (North center). We analyzed the overall annual variation in the etiology of AP and then compared the differences in etiology between the two regions, as well as the effects of seasons and festivals on the etiology of AP.

Toward Controllable Wet Etching of Monocrystalline Silicon: Roles of Mechanically Driven Defects.

Wet chemical etching is essential not only for processing silicon (Si) wafers but also for forming diverse structures, significantly promoting the development of the semiconductor industry. However, tight control of etched topography at the nanoscale and even atom-scale in a controllable and reproducible fashion can be hardly achieved in either laboratory research or industrial production, seriously hindering further enhancement of high-performance Si-based electronic devices. Herein, the roles of mechanically driven defects in wet etching were systematically investigated toward promoting controllable wet etching of monocrystalline Si.

Revealing Topography Evolution of Glass Surface under Air Pollution by Atomic Force Microscope.

Air pollution has become a matter of close concern to people with the continuous development of human society. However, the knowledge of air pollution mechanisms remains insufficient, and there is a lack of evaluation methods for actual pollution. In this paper, air pollution in Internet cafe was studied by detecting surface topography of glass slides after different exposure time by an atomic force microscope (AFM).

GsCLC-c2 from wild soybean confers chloride/salt tolerance to transgenic Arabidopsis and soybean composite plants by regulating anion homeostasis.

The responses of the GsCLC-c2 gene and its promoter to NaCl stress, as well as the Cl /salt tolerance of GsCLC-c2-transgenic Arabidopsis and overexpressed or RNAi wild soybean hairy root composite plants, were investigated. Results showed that both GsCLC-c2 and its promoter display enhanced induction under salt stress. In the transgenic Arabidopsis WT-GsCLC-c2 and atclc-c-GsCLC-c2 seedlings, the salt-induced growth reduction was markedly ameliorated; plant fresh weight, leaf area, and relative water content (RWC) increased; relative electrolytic leakage (REL), and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in shoots decreased significantly.

Genome-wide analysis of chloride channel-encoding gene family members and identification of CLC genes that respond to Cl/salt stress in upland cotton.

Chloride channels (CLCs) are kinds of anion transport protein family members that are mainly distributed in cell endomembrane systems of prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms and mediate anion (Cl, as a representative) transport and homeostasis. Some CLC genes have been reported to be involved in Cl/salt tolerance of plants exposed to NaCl stress. Through BLAST in cotton database, a total of 22 CLCs were identified in genomes A and D in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.

Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin Combined With Insulin Versus Insulin Alone in the Treatment of Hypertriglyceridemic Pancreatitis (LIHTGP Trial): Study Protocol for a Multicenter, Prospective, Single-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: Currently, insulin and/or heparin/low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) serve as an early lipid-lowering treatment for hypertriglyceridemic pancreatitis (HTGP). However, whether the clinical prognosis of combining LMWH with insulin is superior to using insulin alone remains unknown. This trial will compare the clinical outcomes of LMWH with insulin and an insulin regimen for emergency lipid-lowering treatment in HTGP patients.

The Clinical Characteristics of Acute Pancreatitis in Gerontal Patients: A Retrospective Study.

Background: The incidence of acute pancreatitis (AP) in ageing patients has increased in recent years, and results regarding the clinical outcomes of these patients are controversial. The aim of this study was to compare the clinical outcomes of AP in ageing patients over 60 years old.

Methods: Eighty patients aged ≥80 years (oldest group) were compared to 393 patients aged 60 to 79 years (older group).

Progression to recurrent acute pancreatitis after a first attack of acute pancreatitis in adults.

Purpose: Patients with a first attack of acute pancreatitis (AP) can develop recurrent acute pancreatitis (RAP). Hence, this study aimed to investigate the clinical features of the disease and the risk factors for RAP.

Methods: We performed a retrospective study of 522 patients from Jan 1 to Dec 31, 2006.

Risk Factors for Acute Kidney Injury in Acute Pancreatitis: A 7-Year Retrospective Analysis of Patients in a Large Tertiary Hospital.

Objective: The aim of our study was to investigate the risk factors for acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with acute pancreatitis (AP).

Methods: Acute pancreatitis patients were retrospectively divided into 2 groups: AKI and non-AKI. We used logistic regression analysis to investigate the risk factors for AP patients with AKI.

Pancreatic necrosis and severity are independent risk factors for pancreatic endocrine insufficiency after acute pancreatitis: A long-term follow-up study.

Background: Pancreatic endocrine insufficiency after acute pancreatitis (AP) has drawn increasing attention in recent years.

Aim: To assess the impact of risk factors on the development of pancreatic endocrine insufficiency after AP.

Methods: This retrospective observational long-term follow-up study was conducted in a tertiary hospital.

Rapid identification of ultrathin amorphous damage on monocrystalline silicon surface.

Amorphous silicon (a-Si) is a type of common surface damages during the ultra-precision machining of monocrystalline Si. However, it is difficult to identify the amorphous damage of several nanometers by traditional detection methods, which severely hinders the performance improvement of Si-based products. In this study, ultrathin a-Si was found to act as a mask against etching in HF/HNO mixtures, resulting in the formation of protrusive hillocks.

Superoxide Dismutase Predicts Persistent Circulation Failure and Mortality in the Early Stage of Acute Pancreatitis.

Objectives: Oxidative stress is an important event in the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis. Superoxide dismutase is a major antioxidant enzyme in the body. The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in superoxide dismutase activity early in the onset of acute pancreatitis and its value in predicting the risk of organ failure and mortality.

Dependence of water adsorption on the surface structure of silicon wafers aged under different environmental conditions.

Most materials exposed to ambient air can adsorb water molecules and the adsorption capability strongly depends on the surface property. The water contact angle has been widely used as a measure for surface wettability; however, a question can still be asked whether the water contact angle can be used as an adequate sole predictor for water adsorption on the surface in humid air. In this paper, HF-etched silicon wafers were aged (oxidized) under different environmental conditions at room temperature to grow surface layers with varying water contact angles from ∼0° (fully hydrophilic) to ∼83° (highly hydrophobic), and water adsorption as a function of relative humidity (RH) was studied on such surfaces.

Large triglyceride-rich lipoproteins in hypertriglyceridemia are associated with the severity of acute pancreatitis in experimental mice.

Hypertriglyceridemia severity is linked to acute pancreatitis prognosis, but it remains unknown why a portion of severe hypertriglyceridemia patients do not develop severe acute pancreatitis. To investigate whether hypertriglyceridemia subtypes affect acute pancreatitis progression, we analyzed two genetically modified hypertriglyceridemia mouse models-namely, glycosylphosphatidylinositol high-density lipoprotein binding protein 1 knockout (Gpihbp1-/-) and apolipoprotein C3 transgenic (ApoC3-tg) mice. Acute pancreatitis was induced by 10 intraperitoneal caerulein injections.

The Recretohalophyte Gene Confers Enhanced Salt Tolerance to Transgenic Hairy Root Composite Cotton Seedlings Exhibiting Virus-Induced Gene Silencing of .

The () gene encodes the plasma membrane Na/H antiporter, SOS1, that is mainly responsible for extruding Na from the cytoplasm and reducing the Na content in plants under salt stress and is considered a vital determinant in conferring salt tolerance to the plant. However, studies on the salt tolerance function of the gene of recretohalophytes, such as , are limited. In this work, the effects of salt stress on cotton seedlings transformed with tobacco-rattle-virus-based virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) of the endogenous gene, or strain K599-mediated -transgenic hairy root composite cotton plants exhibiting VIGS of were first investigated.