Amitriptyline revitalizes ICB response via dually inhibiting Kyn/Indole and 5-HT pathways of tryptophan metabolism in ovarian cancer.

Reprogramming tryptophan metabolism (TRP) may be able to overcome immunosuppression and restore the immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) response in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) resistant to ICB therapy because TRP metabolism is involved in the kynurenine/indole and serotonin pathways of tryptophan metabolism. Herein, employing amitriptyline (AMI), an antagonist of TLR4 and serotonin transporter (SERT), we revealed that AMI remodels the immunological landscape of EOC. In particular, AMI lowered the expression of IDO1, IL-4I1, and PD-L1, the quantity of KYN and indoles, and the level of immunosuppressive immune cells MDSC, Tregs, and CD8CD39+/PD-1+ T cell.

CpG hypomethylation at proximal promoter and 5'UTR along with IL6 signaling loop associates with MYD88 upregulation in epithelial ovarian cancer.

MYD88 is an IL-6 primary response gene and, its upregulation of expression has been shown to be a poor prognostic factor in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). We investigated the effects of CpG methylation at the proximal promoter/5'UTR and IL-6/SP1/IRF1 signaling on upregulation of MYD88 and prognosis in EOC. We assessed CpG methylation at the proximal promoter/5'UTR of MYD88 using bisulfite sequencing/PCR in 103 EOC patients, 28 normal ovarian tissues and two EOC cell lines with differential expression of MYD88 and identified the impact of the level of CpG methylation on MYD88 upregulation by SP1/IRF1 with knockdown or blockade of IL-6.

All-trans retinoic acid sensitizes epithelial ovarian cancer to PARP inhibition after exposure to cisplatin.

Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most lethal of gynecologic malignancies. The standard-of-care treatment for EOC is platinum-based chemotherapy such as cisplatin. Notably, Platinum-based chemotherapy induces resistance of EOC to poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibition.

Prevalence and risk factors for persistent symptoms after COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Long-term physical and mental persistent symptoms after COVID-19 represent a growing global public health concern. However, there remains a substantial knowledge gap regarding their prevalence and risk factors.

Objectives: To estimate the prevalence and risk factors for persistent symptoms after COVID-19.

Immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines in solid organ transplant recipients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients are at increased risks of morbidity and mortality associated with COVID-19.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines in SOT recipients.

Data Sources: Electronic databases were searched for eligible reports published from 1 December 2019 to 31 May 2022.

Whole-cell tumor vaccines desialylated to uncover tumor antigenic Gal/GalNAc epitopes elicit anti-tumor immunity.

Background: Aberrant sialoglycans on the surface of tumor cells shield potential tumor antigen epitopes, escape recognition, and suppress activation of immunocytes. α2,3/α2,6Gal- and α2,6GalNAc (Gal/GalNAc)-linked sialic acid residues of sialoglycans could affect macrophage galactose-type lectins (MGL) mediated-antigen uptake and presentation and promote sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins (Siglecs) mediated-immunosuppression. Desialylating sialoglycans on tumor cells could present tumor antigens with Gal/GalNAc residues and overcome glyco-immune checkpoints.

Immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines in chronic liver disease patients and liver transplant recipients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background And Aims: Chronic liver disease (CLD) patients and liver transplant (LT) recipients have an increased risk of morbidity and mortality from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines in CLD patients and LT recipients is poorly understood. The present study aimed to evaluate the immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines in CLD patients and LT recipients.