Polysaccharides isolated from Ampelopsis grossedentata and their immunomodulatory activity.

To explore the immunomodulatory activity of polysaccharides from Ampelopsis grossedentata, two polysaccharides named AGP1 and AGP2 were isolated and purified by DEAE-cellulose 52 column and Sephacryl S-300HR chromatography. AGP1 and AGP2 were composed of fucose, arabinose, rhamnose, galactose, glucose, mannose, galacturonic acid, and glucuronic acid, with a ratio of 0.5: 10.

Magnetically driven hydrogel microrobots for enhancing the therapeutic effect of anlotinib on osteosarcoma.

Introduction: Osteosarcoma, characterized by high mortality and disability rates, poses a significant challenge due to its complex genetic background and the absence of specific membrane receptors, which hinder effective targeted therapy. Active targeting has emerged as a promising approach to address this issue.

Methods: In this study, magnetically driven hydrogel robots (MMHR) were utilized to load and deliver drugs precisely to target sites.

Synthesis of acylated derivatives of chitosan oligosaccharide and evaluation of their potential antifungal agents on Fusarium oxysporum.

Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) is an important carbohydrate-based biomaterial for synthesizing candidate drugs and biological agents. This study synthesized COS derivatives by grafting acyl chlorides of different alkyl chain lengths (C8, C10, and C12) onto COS molecules and further investigated their physicochemical properties and antimicrobial activity. The COS acylated derivatives were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric analysis.

MEK homologue is involved in immune response by regulating antimicrobial peptides expression in Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis.

MEK activates the phosphorylation of downstream molecules involved in various immune responses. In this study, an MEK homologue gene in Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis (designated as EsMEK) was investigated. EsMEK mRNA was constitutively expressed in all tissues with higher expression in hepatopancreas, hemocytes, and gills.

PM2.5 Pollutant Concentrations in Greenspaces of Nanjing Are High but Can Be Lowered with Environmental Planning.

Small-scale greenspaces in high-density central urban districts serve as important outdoor activity spaces for the surrounding residents, especially the elderly. This study selects six small-scale, popular greenspaces with distinct characteristics that are jointly situated along the same main urban artery in a high-density central urban district. Field investigations and questionnaires are conducted and combined with statistical analyses, to explore the spatial-temporal distribution and influencing factors of PM2.

Complete genomic characterization of two European-genotype porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus isolates in Fujian province of China.

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is considered one of the most devastating swine diseases worldwide, resulting in immense economic losses. PRRS virus (PRRSV) is divided into two major genotypes, European (type 1) and the North American (type 2). Type 1 PRRSV have recently emerged in Fujian province (South China), and this might have a significant impact on the Chinese pig industry.

Molecular characterization of two recombinant potato virus Y isolates from China.

Isolates of potato virus Y (PVY) have been divided into several strains. We determined the genomic sequences of PVY isolates AQ4 and FZ10 from tobacco in China. AQ4 and FZ10 had genome of 9700 and 9698 nucleotides, respectively.

Study of severe and rare complications of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) for liver cancer.

Objective: To study severe and rare complications of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) for liver cancer.

Methods: Clinical records of severe and rare complications following TACE in 1348 cases of liver cancer from January 1997 to February 2004 were studied retrospectively.

Results: A total of 2012 TACE procedures were performed for 1348 patients.

[Prognosis and risk factors for recurrence of small liver cancer after a single session of percutaneous radiofrequency ablation].

Background & Objective: As a new technique of local therapy for liver cancer, radiofrequency ablation (RFA) was widely used these years in China. This study was to evaluate the treatment efficacy of RFA on primary liver cancer (PLC), identify the risk factors of recurrence, and determine the indications of RFA for PLC.

Methods: Records of 94 primary small liver cancer patients underwent a single session of percutaneous RFA in Liver Cancer Institute/Zhongshan Hospital from Jan.

Changed clinical aspects of primary liver cancer in China during the past 30 years.

Background: Primary liver cancer (PLC) is one of the most frequently seen tumors in China. Thirty years ago, patients with PLC were often detected at relatively late stage, with a palpable mass or marked clinical symptoms and poor prognosis. In the past 30 years, the diagnosis and treatment of PLC have been greatly improved with better prognosis.

Randomized controlled trial of screening for hepatocellular carcinoma.

Purpose: Screening for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been conducted for over 20 years, but there is no conclusive evidence that screening may reduce HCC mortality. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of screening on HCC mortality in people at increased risk.

Methods: This study included 18,816 people, aged 35-59 years with hepatitis B virus infection or a history of chronic hepatitis in urban Shanghai, China.

Radiation therapy for the locoregional lymph node metastases from hepatocellular carcinoma, phase I clinical trial.

Background/aims: The patients with lymph node metastasis from hepatocellular carcinoma may survive only a few months. These patients are not suitable for transcatheter arterial chemoembolization, percutaneous ethanol injection and surgical resection. External beam radiation therapy (EBRT) could provide a useful treatment, but only 4 hepatocellular carcinoma cases with abdominal lymph nodes involvement were treated with EBRT in the two reports over the last 10 years.

[Changes of clinical aspect of primary liver cancer in China during the past 30 years--control study for 3,250 cases with primary liver cancer].

Objective: To study the changes of the clinical aspects of primary liver cancer (PLC) during the past 30 years.

Methods: The clinical data of 3,250 patients with PLC, from 10 regions of China were collected, analyzed, and compared with the clinical data of 3254 PLC cases 30 years before.

Results: The 3,250 patients were aged 1- 80, with an average age of 49.

Comparison between radioimmunotherapy and external beam radiation therapy for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

It has previously been observed in animal studies that, at equivalent doses, radioimmunotherapy (RIT) is 2.5 times more effective than multiple fractions of external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) in inhibiting tumour growth. In this study, we compared the use of RIT and EBRT in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), treated during the past 10 years.

First example of an antibody-catalyzed aza Diels-Alder reaction.

Described herein is the synthesis of a hapten of biocyclo[2,2,2]octene 5 designed to mimic the exo transition-state of an aza Diels-Alder reaction. Immunization of rabbits with this hapten provided polyclonal antibodies, Aza-BSA-3, which were used to synthesize adduct 4b in the first reported antibody-catalyzed exo Diels-Alder reaction.

Enantioselective hydrolysis of naproxen ethyl ester catalyzed by monoclonal antibodies.

This report described that a hapten of racemic phosphonate 3 designed as the mimic of the transition state of hydrolysis of naproxen ethyl ester was successfully synthesized from easily available 2-acetyl-6-methoxy-naphthalene 5. Then BALB/C mice were immunized and one of the monoclonal catalytic antibodies, N116-27, which enantioselectively accelerated the hydrolysis of the R-(-)-naproxen ethyl ester was given. The Michaelis-Menton parameter for the catalyzed reaction was K(M)=6.

Multimodality treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.

By 1996, 2898 patients with pathologically proven hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) had been treated at the Liver Cancer Institute of Shanghai Medical University. The 5 year survival in the entire series was 36.2%, being increased from 4.