Advancements in Bacteriophages for the Fire Blight Pathogen .

, the causative agent of fire blight, causes significant economic losses for farmers worldwide by inflicting severe damage to the production and quality of plants in the Rosaceae family. Historically, fire blight control has primarily relied on the application of copper compounds and antibiotics, such as streptomycin. However, the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains and growing environmental concerns have highlighted the need for alternative control methods.

First report of branch dieback caused by on (L.) Schott in China.

Styphnolobium japonicum (L.) Schott (family Fabaceae Juss.) also called pagoda tree, is widely planted in northern China in landscape plantings, for erosion control and forestry.

Dynamic UAV Phenotyping for Rice Disease Resistance Analysis Based on Multisource Data.

Bacterial blight poses a threat to rice production and food security, which can be controlled through large-scale breeding efforts toward resistant cultivars. Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) remote sensing provides an alternative means for the infield phenotype evaluation of crop disease resistance to relatively time-consuming and laborious traditional methods. However, the quality of data acquired by UAV can be affected by several factors such as weather, crop growth period, and geographical location, which can limit their utility for the detection of crop disease and resistant phenotypes.

Evaluation of rice bacterial blight severity from lab to field with hyperspectral imaging technique.

Hyperspectral imaging technique combined with machine learning is a powerful tool for the evaluation of disease phenotype in rice disease-resistant breeding. However, the current studies are almost carried out in the lab environment, which is difficult to apply to the field environment. In this paper, we used visible/near-infrared hyperspectral images to analysis the severity of rice bacterial blight (BB) and proposed a novel disease index construction strategy (NDSCI) for field application.

Three Highly Sensitive and High-Throughput Serological Approaches for Detecting in Sweet Potato.

Sweet potato stem and root rot is an important bacterial disease and often causes serious economic losses to sweet potato. Development of rapid and sensitive detection methods is crucial for diagnosis and management of this disease in field. Here, we report the production of four hybridoma cell lines (25C4, 16C10, 9B1, and 9H10) using strain FY1710 as an immunogen.

Proteomic approach to understand the molecular physiology of symbiotic interaction between Piriformospora indica and Brassica napus.

Many studies have been now focused on the promising approach of fungal endophytes to protect the plant from nutrient deficiency and environmental stresses along with better development and productivity. Quantitative and qualitative protein characteristics are regulated at genomic, transcriptomic, and posttranscriptional levels. Here, we used integrated in-depth proteome analyses to characterize the relationship between endophyte Piriformospora indica and Brassica napus plant highlighting its potential involvement in symbiosis and overall growth and development of the plant.

Piriformospora indica promotes growth, seed yield and quality of Brassica napus L.

In current scenario, crop productivity is being challenged by decreasing soil fertility. To cope up with this problem, different beneficial microbes are explored to increase the crop productivity with value additions. In this study, Brassica napus L.

[Visual Detection Study on Early Bruises of Korla Pear Based on Hyperspectral Imaging Technology].

In this paper, hyperspectral imaging combined with chemometrics was applied for the detection of internal defects of Korla pear. The hyperspectral images covering the spectral range of 380～1 030 nm were acquired for 60 Korla pears before, and seven consecutive days after internal damages were induced by being dropped from a distance of 30 cm. The mean spectrum were computed from region of interests (ROI) of pear in each image, and was preprocessed with wavelet transform for eliminating system noise and external disturbances, and optimizing the spectral identification region (470～963 nm).

Piriformospora indica confers cadmium tolerance in Nicotiana tabacum.

Piriformospora indica, a root-colonizing endophytic fungus of Sebacinales, promotes plant growth and confers resistance against biotic and abiotic stresses. In order to confirm the influence of P. indica on growth, proline, malondialdehyde (MDA), chlorophyll, and cadmium (Cd) amounts in Nicotiana tabacum under Cd stress, hydroponics, pot and field trials were conducted.

[Revealing the chemical changes of tea cell wall induced by anthracnose with confocal Raman microscopy].

Healthy tea and tea infected by anthracnose were first studied by confocal Raman microscopy to illustrate chemical changes of cell wall in the present paper. Firstly, Raman spectra of both healthy and infected sample tissues were collected with spatial resolution at micron-level, and ultrastructure of healthy and infected tea cells was got from scanning electron microscope. These results showed that there were significant changes in Raman shift and Raman intensity between healthy and infected cell walls, indicating that great differences occurred in chemical compositions of cell walls between healthy and infected samples.

The beneficial fungus Piriformospora indica protects Arabidopsis from Verticillium dahliae infection by downregulation plant defense responses.

Background: Verticillium dahliae (Vd) is a soil-borne vascular pathogen which causes severe wilt symptoms in a wide range of plants. The microsclerotia produced by the pathogen survive in soil for more than 15 years.

Results: Here we demonstrate that an exudate preparation induces cytoplasmic calcium elevation in Arabidopsis roots, and the disease development requires the ethylene-activated transcription factor EIN3.

Isolation and characterization of bacteria from midgut of the rice water weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae).

Gut bacteria are known to play important and often essential roles in the biology of insects. Theoretically, they can be genetically manipulated, then reintroduced into insects to negatively modify specific biological features. The weevil superfamily Curculionoidea is one of the most species-rich and successful animal groups on earth, but currently the overall knowledge of the bacterial communities in weevils and their associations with hosts is still limited.

Growth promotion of Chinese cabbage and Arabidopsis by Piriformospora indica is not stimulated by mycelium-synthesized auxin.

Piriformospora indica, an endophytic fungus of the order Sebacinales, interacts with the roots of a large variety of plant species. We compared the interaction of this fungus with Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris subsp. chinensis) and Arabidopsis seedlings.

[Study on the early detection of Sclerotinia of Brassica napus based on combinational-stimulated bands].

The combinational-stimulated bands were used to develop linear and nonlinear calibrations for the early detection of sclerotinia of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). Eighty healthy and 100 Sclerotinia leaf samples were scanned, and different preprocessing methods combined with successive projections algorithm (SPA) were applied to develop partial least squares (PLS) discriminant models, multiple linear regression (MLR) and least squares-support vector machine (LS-SVM) models.

Effect of water activity on stress tolerance and biocontrol activity in antagonistic yeast Rhodosporidium paludigenum.

The aims of this study were to optimize the salt-adaptation conditions of the marine antagonistic yeast Rhodosporidium paludigenum and investigate the biocontrol activity of salt-induced cell suspensions of R. paludigenum on postharvest pathogens in fruits. Low water activity (a(w)=0.

Piriformospora indica confers drought tolerance in Chinese cabbage leaves by stimulating antioxidant enzymes, the expression of drought-related genes and the plastid-localized CAS protein.

Piriformospora indica, a root-colonizing endophytic fungus of Sebacinales, promotes plant growth and confers resistance against biotic and abiotic stress. The fungus strongly colonizes the roots of Chinese cabbage, promotes root and shoot growth, and promotes lateral root formation. When colonized plants were exposed to polyethylene glycol to mimic drought stress, the activities of peroxidases, catalases and superoxide dismutases in the leaves were upregulated within 24h.

Expression of BvGLP-1 encoding a germin-like protein from sugar beet in Arabidopsis thaliana leads to resistance against phytopathogenic fungi.

Nematode (Heterodera schachtii) resistance in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) is controlled by a single dominant resistance gene, Hs1(pro-1). BvGLP-1 was cloned from resistant sugar beet. The BvGLP-1 messenger (m)RNA is highly upregulated in the resistant plants after nematode infection, suggesting its role in the Hs1(pro-1) mediated resistance.

[Identification and classification of rice leaf blast based on multi-spectral imaging sensor].

Site-specific variable pesticide application is one of the major precision crop production management operations. Rice blast is a severe threat for rice production. Traditional chemistry methods can do the accurate crop disease identification, however they are time-consuming, require being executed by professionals and are of high cost.

Molecular identification of cDNA, immunolocalization, and expression of a putative odorant-binding protein from an Asian honey bee, Apis cerana cerana.

An odorant-binding protein cDNA (Acer-ASP2) was cloned and characterized from antennae of adult workers of an Asian honey bee, Apis cerana cerana F. (Hymenoptera: Apidae). The full-length open reading frame of Acer-ASP2 cDNA was 429 bp, encoding 142 amino acids.

Keratinase production and keratin degradation by a mutant strain of Bacillus subtilis.

A new feather-degrading bacterium was isolated from a local feather waste site and identified as Bacillus subtilis based on morphological, physiochemical, and phylogenetic characteristics. Screening for mutants with elevated keratinolytic activity using N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine mutagenesis resulted in a mutant strain KD-N2 producing keratinolytic activity about 2.5 times that of the wild-type strain.