Effects of Different Exercises Combined with Different Dietary Interventions on Body Composition: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.

Background: Exercise and dietary interventions are essential for maintaining weight and reducing fat accumulation. With the growing popularity of various dietary strategies, evidence suggests that combining exercise with dietary interventions offers greater benefits than either approach alone. Consequently, this combined strategy has become a preferred method for many individuals aiming to maintain health.

Self-esteem mediates the relationship between physical activity and smartphone addiction of Chinese college students: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: Smartphone addiction, as a key topic in the current field of behavioral addictions and public health, has brought many negative impacts on the physical, psychological, interpersonal communication, and even academic performance among contemporary college students. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to offer ideas for solving smartphone addiction among college students through investigating the potential mediating effect of self-esteem in the relationship between physical activity and smartphone addiction.

Methods: By the quota sampling, a cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate 650 college students from 10 colleges in Guangzhou Higher Mega Center, and several self-reported instruments including physical activity rating scale-3 (PARS-3), mobile phone addiction tendency scale (MPATS), self-esteem scale (SES) were used to collect the related data needed for the present study.

Magnetic-biased chiral molecules enabling highly oriented photovoltaic perovskites.

The interaction between sites A, B and X with passivation molecules is restricted when the conventional passivation strategy is applied in perovskite (ABX) photovoltaics. Fortunately, the revolving A-site presents an opportunity to strengthen this interaction by utilizing an external field. Herein, we propose a novel approach to achieving an ordered magnetic dipole moment, which is regulated by a magnetic field via the coupling effect between the chiral passivation molecule and the A-site (formamidine ion) in perovskites.

High-Stable Lead-Free Solar Cells Achieved by Surface Reconstruction of Quasi-2D Tin-Based Perovskites.

Tin halide perovskites are an appealing alternative to lead perovskites. However, owing to the lower redox potential of Sn(II)/Sn(IV), particularly under the presence of oxygen and water, the accumulation of Sn(IV) at the surface layer will negatively impact the device's performance and stability. To this end, this work has introduced a novel multifunctional molecule, 1,4-phenyldimethylammonium dibromide diamine (phDMADBr), to form a protective layer on the surface of Sn-based perovskite films.

Improving Crystallinity and Out-of-Plane Orientation in Quasi-2D Ruddlesden-Popper Perovskite by Fluorinated Organic Salt for Light-Emitting Diodes.

Fluoro-substituted aromatic alkylammonium spacer cations are found effective to improve the performance of quasi-2D perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs). The fluorine substitution is generally attributed to the defect passivation, quantum well width control, and energy level adjustments. However, the substituted cations can also affect the crystallization process but is not thoroughly studied.

In Situ and Operando Characterization Techniques in Stability Study of Perovskite-Based Devices.

Metal halide perovskite materials have demonstrated significant potential in various optoelectronic applications, such as photovoltaics, light emitting diodes, photodetectors, and lasers. However, the stability issues of perovskite materials continue to impede their widespread use. Many studies have attempted to understand the complex degradation mechanism and dynamics of these materials.

Passivating Defects at the Bottom Interface of Perovskite by Ethylammonium to Improve the Performance of Perovskite Solar Cells.

The interface of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) plays a significant role in influencing their performance, yet there is still scarce research focusing on their difficult-to-expose bottom interfaces. Herein, ethylammonium bromide (EABr) is introduced into the bottom interface and its passivation effects are studied directly. First, EABr can improve substrate wettability, which is beneficial for the perovskite-film deposition.

Assignment of Core and Surface States in Multicolor-Emissive Carbon Dots.

It is important to reveal the luminescence mechanisms of carbon dots (CDs). Herein, CDs with two types of optical centers are synthesized from citric acid in formamide by a solvothermal method, and show high photoluminescence quantum yield reaching 42%. Their green/yellow emission exhibits pronounced vibrational structure and high resistance toward photobleaching, while broad red photoluminescence is sensitive to solvents, temperature, and UV-IR.

Aluminum-Based Surface Polymerization on Carbon Dots with Aggregation-Enhanced Luminescence.

Aggregation-induced luminescence quenching of carbon nanodots (CDs) is the main obstacle for their applications in solid-state light emitting devices. Herein, we developed a one-step synthesis of solid-state emissive CDs with surface aluminum-based polymerization by adding AlCl in citric acid and urea via a microwave-heating dehydration process. Due to the strong coordination ability of Al ions with N and O atoms, considerable steric hindrance of Al-based cross-linked polymerization was introduced on the surface of the CDs, which not only avoided aggregation of the green emissive carbon cores but also facilitated efficient energy transfer from the blue emissive polymerized surface to the green emissive carbon cores in aggregates, leading to enhanced green emissions with a photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of 72.