Resistance exercise training and its impact on metabolic syndrome in type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

This meta-analysis investigated the impact of resistance exercise training (RET) on metabolic syndrome (MetS) markers in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) by synthesizing evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs). A systematic search was conducted in four databases up to September 2024. Data were analyzed using random-effects models to calculate mean differences (MD) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI).

Comparing The Effects of Maximal Strength Training, Plyometric Training, and Muscular Endurance Training on Swimming-Specific Performance Measures: A Randomized Parallel Controlled Study in Young Swimmers.

The aim of this study was to compare the effects of maximal strength training (MST), plyometric training (PT), and muscular endurance training (MET) on starting performance and swimming performance at 25- and 50-meters freestyle. A randomized parallel controlled study was conducted involving twenty-seven high-level university swimmers (Tier 2), both men and women (age: 20.2 ± 1.

Comprehensive insights into yeast mannoproteins:structural heterogeneity, winemaking, food processing, and medicine food homology.

Mannoproteins (MPs) are primary constituents of yeast cell walls, which are extensively utilized in the winemaking process, in finished wines, and during wine aging to enhance aroma, stabilize pigments, improve wine body, and reduce astringency. However, existing research has mainly focused on the extraction of MPs and certain oenological properties. A review of the literature indicates that our understanding of the targets and mechanisms influenced by MPs related to winemaking characteristics remains limited.

Evaluating different chain conformation of mannoproteins during encapsulation of grape seed extract.

Modification of wine bitterness is subtle and complex. To investigate the mechanism underlying the differences in the initial bitter inhibition of grape seed extract (MOPC) by mannoproteins (MPs), the molecular interactions between MPs from different chain conformations and MOPC at different concentrations were analyzed using methylation, laser light scattering, rheological behavior analysis, and spectral techniques. The results indicated that MPs with linear hyperbranched structures at low concentrations (0.

Exploring the potentials of indigenous and for enhancing flavour and aromatic characteristics in apricot wines.

In this study, we investigated the oenological performance of key yeast populations previously identified from apricot wine fermentation, aiming to obtain indigenous starters suitable for apricot wine production. Twenty-one isolates were characterized physiologically, and two isolates each of and were selected for laboratory-scale fermentations. Results showed that S9 exhibited significantly higher sugar consumption than S2 and CECA strains, with the former demonstrating a fructophilic character.

The synergistic enhancement or inhibition of different molecular weight components of mannoproteins after ultrafiltration on the encapsulation.

This study investigated the effects of molecular weight regulation on mannoproteins (MPs) in encapsulating both monomeric and oligomeric proanthocyanidins (MOPC). To achieve this, two different conformations of MPs were fractionated by ultrafiltration into two main molecular weight components. The results indicated that regulating molecular weight through ultrafiltration altered the conformation of MPs chains, which in turn affected the intermolecular forces with MOPC.

Assessing acute effects of two motor-cognitive training modalities on cognitive functions, postural control, and gait stability in older adults: a randomized crossover study.

Background: The process of aging often accompanies a decline in cognitive function, postural control, and gait stability, consequently increasing the susceptibility to falls among older individuals. In response to these challenges, motor-cognitive training has emerged as a potential intervention to mitigate age-related declines.

Objective: This study aims to assess the acute effects of two distinct motor-cognitive training modalities, treadmill dual-task training (TMDT) and interactive motor-cognitive training (IMCT), on cognitive function, postural control, walking ability, and dual-task performance in the elderly population.

The effect of post-activation enhancement on the performance of Chinese national skeleton athletes in the "ice push sled"-a first cross-sectional study.

Objective: To investigate the impact of post-activation potentiation (PAP) induced by resisted sled sprint at different loads on the subsequent 30 m ice push sled performance of Chinese skeleton athletes, and to identify the resisted sled sprint load that most effectively enhances PAP for Chinese skeleton athletes.

Methods: Seven elite athletes from the Chinese skeleton team participated in four tests with more than 48 h intervals. During the tests, on the first test, athletes completed a 40 min standard warm-up, rested for 6 min, and then performed a 30 m test.

Extraction and structural analysis of mannoproteins from different species of yeast: Bitter suppression and the potential mechanisms for wine.

To rich the research for mannoproteins (MPs) suppressive effect on the bitterness of wine, this study distinguished bitterness into initial bitterness and bitter aftertaste. By utilizing the thermal alkali extraction method, MPs were extracted from three different yeast species: Saccharomyces cerevisiae (CECA), Lachancea thermotolerans (A38), and Torulaspora delbrueckii (2082). Their basic structures, addition concentrations, and correlation with bitter suppression ability were characterized.

Integrative effects of resistance training and endurance training on mitochondrial remodeling in skeletal muscle.

Resistance training activates mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway of hypertrophy for strength gain, while endurance training increases peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α) pathway of mitochondrial biogenesis benefiting oxidative phosphorylation. The conventional view suggests that resistance training-induced hypertrophy signaling interferes with endurance training-induced mitochondrial remodeling. However, this idea has been challenged because acute leg press and knee extension in humans enhance both muscle hypertrophy and mitochondrial remodeling signals.

SIRT1 is a regulator of autophagy: Implications for the progression and treatment of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion.

SIRT1 is a highly conserved nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)-dependent histone deacetylase. It is involved in the regulation of various pathophysiological processes, including cell proliferation, survival, differentiation, autophagy, and oxidative stress. Therapeutic activation of SIRT1 protects the heart and cardiomyocytes from pathology-related stress, particularly myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R).

Constructing a Diagnosis Model and Visualizing the Risk Relationship between Biomarkers and Overuse Injuries in Well-trained Wrestlers.

This study aimed to investigate the association between biomarkers and overuse injuries in well-trained wrestlers. Seventy-six well-trained wrestlers on a national team completed two blood sample collections, two clinical overuse injuries diagnoses, and a questionnaire survey at a 2-week interval. Multivariate logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic curve were used to screen for related factors and construct the prediction probability model of overuse injuries.

Effects of six weeks of sub-plateau cold environment training on physical functioning and athletic ability in elite parallel giant slalom snowboard athletes.

Background: Hypoxic and cold environments have been shown to improve the function and performance of athletes. However, it is unclear whether the combination of subalpine conditions and cold temperatures may have a greater effect. The present study aims to investigate the effects of 6 weeks of training in a sub-plateau cold environment on the physical function and athletic ability of elite parallel giant slalom snowboard athletes.

Corrigendum: The changes of umami substances and influencing factors in preserved egg yolk: pH, endogenous protease, and proteinaceous substance.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.

The changes of umami substances and influencing factors in preserved egg yolk: pH, endogenous protease, and proteinaceous substance.

The study investigated the changes of nucleotides, succinic acid, and free amino acids amounts in yolk and the causes leading to the changes after pickling to uncover the fundamental umami component of preserved egg yolk. The findings demonstrated that while the contents of 5'-adenosine monophosphate (AMP), 5'-cytidine monophosphate (CMP), 5'-guanosine monophosphate (GMP), 5'-uridine monophosphate (UMP), and succinic acid increased after slightly decreasing aspartic acid (Asp) content in preserved egg yolk increased gradually. The contents of 5'-inosine monophosphate (IMP) and other free amino acids were gradually decreased.

The role of Sirt3 in the changes of skeletal muscle mitophagy induced by hypoxic training.

We aimed to explore the role of Sirt3 in the regulation of skeletal muscle mitophagy with hypoxic training. C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into four groups: C group (control), HT group (mice performed a hypoxic training of living in an environment with an oxygen concentration of 13.8% and treadmill exercise under normoxia for 6 weeks), T group (mice were subjected to an intraperitoneal (i.

Targeting mitochondrial quality control of T cells: Regulating the immune response in HCC.

Most of the primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) develops from Viral Hepatitis including Hepatitis B virus, Hepatitis C Virus, and Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis. Herein, T cells play crucial roles combined with chronic inflammation and chronic viral infection. However, T cells are gradually exhausted under chronic antigenic stimulation, which leads to T cell exhaustion in the tumor microenvironment, and the exhaustion is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction in T cells.

Echocardiographic myocardial work in pre-adolescent male basketball players: a comparison with cardiopulmonary exercise test-derived aerobic capacity.

Pressure-strain loop (PSL) analysis provides a novel, less load-dependent non-invasive method to quantify myocardial work and demonstrates a significant correlation with the contractile reserve in adult athletes. We aim to validate PSL-derived markers in characterizing LV function in pre-adolescent basketball players by comparing results before and after the cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPX) and explore its association with CPX-derived aerobic capacity. Cardiac morphology and function in 20 pre-adolescent basketball players were assessed at 9.

Hypoxic Training Ameliorates Skeletal Muscle Microcirculation Vascular Function in a Sirt3-Dependent Manner.

Hypoxic training improves the microcirculation function of human skeletal muscle, but its mechanism is still unclear. Silent information regulator 2 homolog 3 (Sirt3) can improve mitochondrial function and oxidative status. We aimed to examine the role of Sirt3 in the process of hypoxic training, which affects skeletal muscle microcirculation.

Dose-response relationship between training load and anaerobic performance in female short-track speed skaters: A prospective cohort study.

This study aimed to assess the dose-response relationship (DRR) between measures of training load (TL) and anaerobic performance in female short-track speed skaters. TL data from 22 female short-track speed skaters (mean ± SD; calendar age 20.7 ± 2.

Effects of hot and humid environments on thermoregulation and aerobic endurance capacity of Laser sailors.

Objectives: The purpose was to investigate the effects of hot and humid environments on thermoregulation and aerobic endurance capacity and whether high skin temperature serves as a more important thermoregulatory factor affecting aerobic exercise capacity.

Methods: A randomized cross-over design was applied to this study, in which nine Laser sailors performed the 6 km rowing test (6 km test) in both a warm (ambient temperature: 23 ± 1.4 °C; relative humidity: 60.