Synergistic Optimization of Buried Interface via Hydrochloric Acid for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells.

Incorporating chlorine into the SnO electron transport layer (ETL) has proven effective in enhancing the interfacial contact between SnO and perovskite in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, previous studies have primarily focused on the role of chlorine in passivating surface trap defects in SnO, without considering its influence on the buried interface. Here, hydrochloric acid (HCl) is introduced as a chlorine source into commercial SnO to form Cl-capped SnO (Cl-SnO) ETL, aiming to optimize the buried interface of the PSC.

Association between household solid fuel usage and trajectories of multimorbidity among middle-aged and older adults: a nationwide population-based cohort study.

Background: This study aimed to explore the effect of household solid fuel usage on the multimorbidity trajectories among middle-aged and older adults.

Methods: Based on the 2011-2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, the group-based trajectory modeling and the multinomial logistic regression model were used to explore the relationship between multimorbidity trajectories of older adults with different fuel types, duration of solid fuel usage, and potential interaction with PM. Three multimorbidity trajectory patterns were identified by group-based trajectory modeling and labeled as "non-chronic morbidity" (no disease increase), "newly developing multimorbidity" (diseases grew from 0 to 2), and "multi-chronic multimorbidity" (diseases grew from 2 to 4).

Isotschimgine promotes lifespan, healthspan and neuroprotection of Caenorhabditis elegans via the activation of nuclear hormone receptors.

Isotschimgine (ITG) is a bornane-type monoterpenoid derivative naturally occurring in genus Ferula plants and propolis. Its effects on aging and the underlying mechanisms are not yet well understood. This study employed Caenorhabditis elegans (C.

Comparison of the analytical performance of two different electrochemical sensors based on a composite of gold nanorods with carbon nanomaterials and PEDOT:PSS for the sensitive detection of nitrite in processed meat products.

Herein, two platforms for electrochemical sensors were developed based on a combination of gold nanorods (AuNRs) with electrochemically reduced graphene oxide (ErGO) or with multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and PEDOT:PSS for nitrite detection. The first and second electrodes were denoted as AuNRs/ErGO/PEDOT:PSS/GCE and AuNRs/MWCNT/PEDOT:PSS/GCE, respectively. Both materials for electrode modifiers were then characterized using UV-Vis and Raman spectroscopy, SEM, and HR-TEM.

Cumulative effect of metabolic risk factors on left ventricular geometry in those with versus without early-onset type 2 diabetes or prediabetes: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study.

Aim: To investigate metabolic risk factors (RFs) that accumulated over 20 years related to left ventricular mass index (LVMI), relative wall thickness (RWT) and LV remodelling patterns in participants with versus without early-onset type 2 diabetes (T2D) or prediabetes (pre-D).

Methods: A total of 287 early-onset T2D/pre-D individuals versus 565 sociodemographic-matched euglycaemic individuals were selected from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study, years 0-25. We used the area under the growth curve (AUC) derived from quadratic random-effects models of four or more repeated measures of RFs (fasting glucose [FG], insulin, triglycerides [TG], low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), total cholesterol (total-c), blood pressure and body mass index) to estimate the cumulative burden, and their associations with LV outcomes.

Sleep Duration and Functional Disability Among Chinese Older Adults: Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: The duration of sleep plays a crucial role in the development of physiological functions that impact health. However, little is known about the associations between sleep duration and functional disability among older adults in China.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the associations between sleep duration and functional disabilities in the older population (aged≥65 years) in China.

Trajectory patterns and cumulative burden of CEA during follow-up with non-small cell lung cancer outcomes: A retrospective longitudinal cohort study.

Background: Previous studies of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) focused on CEA measured at a single time point, ignoring serial CEA measurements.

Methods: This retrospective cohort included 2959 patients underwent surgery for stage I-III NSCLC. CEA trajectory patterns and long-term cumulative CEA burden were evaluated using the latent class growth mixture model.

Sn Whiskers from TiSnC Max Phase: Bridging Dual-Functionality in Electromagnetic Attenuation.

In the ever-evolving landscape of complex electromagnetic (EM) environments, the demand for EM-attenuating materials with multiple functionalities has grown. 1D metals, known for their high conductivity and ability to form networks that facilitate electron migration, stand out as promising candidates for EM attenuation. Presently, they find primary use in electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding, but achieving a dual-purpose application for EMI shielding and microwave absorption (MA) remains a challenge.

Untargeted serum metabolomics reveals potential biomarkers and metabolic pathways associated with the progression of gastroesophageal cancer.

Background: Previous metabolic studies in upper digestive cancer have mostly been limited to cross-sectional study designs, which hinders the ability to effectively predict outcomes in the early stage of cancer. This study aims to identify key metabolites and metabolic pathways associated with the multistage progression of epithelial cancer and to explore their predictive value for gastroesophageal cancer (GEC) formation and for the early screening of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).

Methods: A case-cohort study within the 7-year prospective Esophageal Cancer Screening Cohort of Shandong Province included 77 GEC cases and 77 sub-cohort individuals.

Chinese herbal injections in combination with radiotherapy for advanced pancreatic cancer: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Background: Advanced pancreatic cancer (APC) is a fatal disease with limited treatment options. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of different Chinese herbal injections (CHIs) as adjuvants for radiotherapy (RT) in APC and compare their treatment potentials using network meta-analysis.

Methods: We systematically searched three English and four Chinese databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from inception to July 25, 2023.

Computational study of the photophysical properties and electronic structure of iridium(III) photosensitizer complexes with electron-withdrawing groups.

A series of novel [Ir(tpy)(btp)Cl] complexes (Ir1-Ir4) have been reported to show excellent performance as photosensitizers. The introduction of electron-withdrawing groups increases visible light absorption and the lifetime of triplet states. To improve the photophysical properties, we theoretically design Ir5-Ir9 with electron-withdrawing groups (Cl, F, COOH, CN and NO).

Trajectories of Blood Lipids Profile in Midlife Women: Does Menopause Matter?

Background: It remains controversial whether changes of lipids over menopause transition (MT) are more age-related or more menopause-related. We aimed to classify women into different trajectory groups based on pattern and level of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoprotein B (ApoB), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglyceride, and apolipoprotein A-I over the MT, as well as examine the effect of MT-related factors on lipid trajectory groups and levels.

Methods And Results: The cohort included 2582 subjects from the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation.

surface regulation of 3D perovskite using diethylammonium iodide for highly efficient perovskite solar cells.

Surface passivation by constructing a 2D/3D structure is considered to be an effective strategy for suppressing non-radiative recombination and improving the device efficiency and stability. Herein, the 2D perovskite is formed on the surface of a 3D perovskite chemical interactions between diethylammonium iodide (DAI) and Pb-I octahedra, which greatly reduces the deep level defects and non-radiative recombination. Moreover, the 2D/3D structure can regulate the energy level alignment, enhance the charge extraction, and improve the open-circuit voltage.

Prediction models of colorectal cancer prognosis incorporating perioperative longitudinal serum tumor markers: a retrospective longitudinal cohort study.

Background: Current prognostic prediction models of colorectal cancer (CRC) include only the preoperative measurement of tumor markers, with their available repeated postoperative measurements underutilized. CRC prognostic prediction models were constructed in this study to clarify whether and to what extent the inclusion of perioperative longitudinal measurements of CEA, CA19-9, and CA125 can improve the model performance, and perform a dynamic prediction.

Methods: The training and validating cohort included 1453 and 444 CRC patients who underwent curative resection, with preoperative measurement and two or more measurements within 12 months after surgery, respectively.

Association between Body Mass Index and Diabetes Mellitus Are Mediated through Endogenous Serum Sex Hormones among Menopause Transition Women: A Longitudinal Cohort Study.

Objective: To explore whether and to what extent endogenous sex hormones mediate the association between overweight and diabetes risk in menopausal transition women.

Methods: Premenopausal women were from the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation, with measurements of serum sex hormone including sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), testosterone (T), estradiol (E2), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHAS) in first postmenopausal follow-up. At the last postmenopausal follow-up, hyperglycemia status was confirmed.

Construction of Z-Scheme TiO/Au/BDD Electrodes for an Enhanced Electrocatalytic Performance.

TiO/Au/BDD composites with a Z-scheme structure was prepared by orderly depositing gold (Au) and titanium dioxide (TiO) on the surface of a boron-doped diamond (BDD) film using sputtering and electrophoretic deposition methods. It was found that the introduction of Au between TiO and the BDD, not only could reduce their contact resistance, to increase the carrier transport efficiency, but also could improve the surface Hall mobility of the BDD electrode. Meanwhile, the designed Z-scheme structure provided a fast channel for the electrons and holes combination, to promote the effective separation of the electrons and holes produced in TiO and the BDD under photoirradiation.

Changes of serum metabolites levels during neoadjuvant chemoradiation and prediction of the pathological response in locally advanced rectal cancer.

Introduction: Previous studies have explored prediction value of serum metabolites in neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy (NCRT) response for rectal cancer. To date, limited literature is available for serum metabolome changes dynamically through NCRT.

Objectives: This study aimed to explore temporal change pattern of serum metabolites during NCRT, and potential metabolic biomarkers to predict the pathological response to NCRT in locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) patients.

Life-course blood pressure trajectories and incident diabetes: A longitudinal cohort in a Chinese population.

Background: Blood pressure levels are correlated with diabetes among middle-aged or older adults. However, longitudinal trajectories of blood pressure during young adulthood and their impact on diabetes have been insufficiently studied.

Methods: The longitudinal cohort consisted of 4,625 adults who had blood pressure and body mass index (BMI) repeatedly measured five to nine times during 18-60 years of age.

Gastric bacteria as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of atrophic gastritis.

Background: Identification of the risk factors for atrophic gastritis (AG) and prevention of further deterioration of the gastritis are effective approaches to reduce the incidence of gastric cancer. Previous studies found that dysbiosis has been implicated in a wide range of diseases, while the role of gastric bacteria as a biomarker for AG has not been explored.

Methods And Results: Gastric juices from cases with non-atrophic gastritis (NAG) and AG were collected for investigation of bacterial composition and function.

Long-Term Adiposity and Midlife Carotid Intima-Media Thickness Are Linked Partly Through Intermediate Risk Factors.

Objective: This study aims to determine quantitatively the mediation effects of multiple cardiovascular risk factors on the associations of childhood body mass index (BMI) and its cumulative burden with adult carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT).

Methods: The longitudinal cohort consisted of 1391 adults who had been examined for BMI 4-15 times over 35.0 years on average since childhood and had data on adult cIMT, systolic blood pressure, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, atherogenic index of plasma, and serum glucose.

Time-variant associations of ambulatory pulse rate with short-term neurologic functional outcomes following acute ischemic stroke.

This study aims to assess the associations of functional outcomes following acute ischemic stroke (IS) with ambulatory pulse rate (PR) and characterize the time-variant properties of the associations. The prospective cohort consisted of 1831 patients who had ambulatory blood pressure (BP) and PR monitoring following acute IS, and neurologic status evaluated at discharge and 3-month follow-up. The neurologic disability was defined as modified Rankin Scale ≥3.

Four-way decomposition of effect of cigarette smoking and body mass index on serum lipid profiles.

Objective: Smoking and obesity are established risk factors of dyslipidemia, however, the interplay between them has not been well studied. This study aims to explore the joint effect of smoking and body mass index (BMI) on serum lipid profiles.

Methods: The study consisted of 9846 Chinese adults (mean age = 49.