Cross-Electrophile C-P Coupling of Chlorophosphines with Organic Halides: Photoinduced P and Aminoalkyl Radical Generation Enabled by Pnictogen Bonding.

Pnictogen bonding (PnB) has gained recognition as an appealing strategy for constructing novel architectures and unlocking new properties. Within the synthetic community, the development of a straightforward and much simpler protocol for cross-electrophile C-P coupling remains an ongoing challenge with organic halides. In this study, we present a simple strategy for photoinduced PnB-enabled cross-electrophile C-P couplings using readily available chlorophosphines and organic halides via merging single electron transfer (SET) and halogen atom transfer (XAT) processes.

Expression of glycoproteins bearing complex human-like glycans with galactose terminal in Hansenula polymorpha.

Glycoproteins derived from Hansenula polymorpha can not be used for therapeutic purposes due to their high-mannose type asparagine-linked (N-linked) glycans, which result in immune reactions and poor pharmacokinetic behaviors in human body. Previously, we reported that the trimannosyl core N-linked glycans (Man(3)GlcNAc(2)) intermediate can be generated in endoplasmic reticulum in HpALG3 and HpALG11 double-mutant H. polymorpha.

Development of an α-amylase reporter system for efficient screening of clones with highly expressed heterologous protein in Hansenula polymorpha.

To check feasibility and effectiveness of the α-amylase reporter system, two vectors were designed and tested using hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) and Homo sapiens granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor 2 (hGM-CSF2) as a model. By integrating the vector containing two independent cassettes into the same genome locus, high-producing clones of HBsAg (or hGM-CSF2) were screened using the α-amylase as a reporter. Results show there was a positive correlation (Correlation coefficient, R (2) > 0.

Nonsense mutations of replicase and movement protein genes contribute to the attenuation of an avirulent tomato mosaic virus.

Three recovery mutants of an avirulent Tomato mosaic virus genus: (Tobamovirus) (ToMV-K) with back mutations of the replicase and/or movement protein (MP) genes, have been constructed by site-directed mutagenesis, and infectious plasmids (pToMV-K) were obtained. The rescued phenotypes of the progeny viruses showed that the replicase and MP recovery mutant (ToMV-K(rase-mp)) induced severe symptoms on both systemic and necrotic plants similar to those induced by the virulent strain. The replicase back mutant (ToMV-K(rase)) produced chlorosis and mosaic symptoms on N.