Cooperation of TRADD- and RIPK1-dependent cell death pathways in maintaining intestinal homeostasis.

Dysfunctional NF-κB signaling is critically involved in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We investigated the mechanism by which RIPK1 and TRADD, two key mediators of NF-κB signaling, in mediating intestinal pathology using TAK1 IEC deficient model. We show that phosphorylation of TRADD by TAK1 modulates RIPK1-dependent apoptosis.

Molecular Photoelectrodes with Enhanced Photogenerated Charge Transport for Efficient Solar Hydrogen Evolution.

Photoelectrocatalytic cells for seawater splitting have shown promise toward large-scale deployment; however, challenges remain in operation performances, which outline clear research needs to scale up photoelectrodes with small loss of efficiency. Here, we report an approach for scalable and robust solar H evolution by enhancing photogenerated charge transport in a H-evolving molecular photoelectrode. The photoelectrode is based on p-type conjugated polymers that are homogeneously distributed in a polycarbazole network.

Aspirin inhibits proteasomal degradation and promotes α-synuclein aggregate clearance through K63 ubiquitination.

Aspirin is a potent lysine acetylation inducer, but its impact on lysine ubiquitination and ubiquitination-directed protein degradation is unclear. Herein, we develop the reversed-pulsed-SILAC strategy to systematically profile protein degradome in response to aspirin. By integrating degradome, acetylome, and ubiquitinome analyses, we show that aspirin impairs proteasome activity to inhibit proteasomal degradation, rather than directly suppressing lysine ubiquitination.

Molecular Conjugated-Polymer Electrode Enables Rapid Proton Conduction for Electrosynthesis of Ammonia from Nitrate.

Electrosynthesis of ammonia (NH) from nitrate (NO ) using renewable energy holds promise as a supplementary alternative to the Haber-Bosch process for NH production. Most research focuses on tuning the catalytic activity of metal catalysts by modification of the catalyst structures. However, the electrode supports which could influence the catalytic activity have not been well-explored.

Spermidine mediates acetylhypusination of RIPK1 to suppress diabetes onset and progression.

It has been established that N-acetyltransferase (murine NAT1 (mNAT1) and human NAT2 (hNAT2)) mediates insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetes. Here we show that mNAT1 deficiency leads to a decrease in cellular spermidine-a natural polyamine exhibiting health-protective and anti-ageing effects-but understanding of its mechanism is limited. We identify that mNAT1 and hNAT2 modulate a type of post-translational modification involving acetylated spermidine, which we name acetylhypusination, on receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 (RIPK1)-a key regulator of inflammation and cell death.

Palmitoylation licenses RIPK1 kinase activity and cytotoxicity in the TNF pathway.

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-induced receptor-interacting serine/threonine protein kinase 1 (RIPK1)-mediated cell death, including apoptosis and necroptosis, is increasingly recognized as a major driver of inflammatory diseases. Cell death checkpoints normally suppress RIPK1 kinase to safeguard the organism from its detrimental consequences. However, the mechanisms licensing RIPK1 kinase activity when a protective checkpoint is disabled remain unclear.

Static Organic p-n Junctions in Photoelectrodes for Solar Ammonia Production with 86 % Internal Quantum Efficiency.

For photoelectrocatalytic cells, a limitation exists in finding appropriate photoelectrode configurations that couple efficient extraction of high-energy electrons from absorbed photons and selective catalysis. Here we report an organic p-n junction approach to fabricate molecular photoelectrodes for conversion of solar energy and nitrate into valuable ammonia product. Solar irradiation of the photoelectrode generates charge-separated states with electrons and holes spatially separated at the n-type and p-type components, as revealed by surface photovoltage mapping, at a quantum yield of 90 %.

Manipulating Photoconduction in Supramolecular Networks for Solar-Driven Nitrate Conversion to Ammonia and Oxygen.

For photoelectrodes to be used in practical catalytic applications, challenges exist in achieving the efficient production and transport of photogenerated charge-separated states. Analogous concepts in traditional inorganic photoelectrodes can be applied to their organic-polymer counterparts with improved charge-separation efficiencies. In this work, we develop photoconductive organic networks to form a high-performance photoelectrode for NO reduction to NH.

Analytical approach to structural chemistry origins of mechanical, acoustical and thermal properties.

Crystalline matters with periodically arranged atoms found wide applications in modern science and technology. To facilitate the design of new materials and the advancement of existing ones, accurate and efficient models without relying too much on known inputs for predicting the functionalities are essential. Here, we propose an analytical approach for such a purpose, with only the knowledge of the structural chemistry of crystals.

Effect of combined electrolyzed reduced water and slightly acidic electrolyzed water spraying on the control of Salmonella, eggshell quality, and shelf life of eggs during storage.

Slightly acidic electrolyzed water (SAEW) is a safe and effective disinfectant, but its sterilizing efficiency is compromised by organic matter on the egg surface. Electrolyzed reduced water (ERW) is a harmless cleaner with a decontamination effect on a variety of surfaces and can be used to remove organic matter. This study assesses the effectiveness of a combination of ERW and SAEW in eliminating Salmonella and manure mixture from egg surfaces, as well as its impact on egg quality during storage.

Yersinia infection induces glucose depletion and AMPK-dependent inhibition of pyroptosis in mice.

Nutritional status and pyroptosis are important for host defence against infections. However, the molecular link that integrates nutrient sensing into pyroptosis during microbial infection is unclear. Here, using metabolic profiling, we found that Yersinia pseudotuberculosis infection results in a significant decrease in intracellular glucose levels in macrophages.

Molecular Wiring of Electrocatalytic Nitrate reduction to Ammonia and Water Oxidation by Iron-Coordinated Macroporous Conductive Networks.

Developing stable electrocatalysts with accessible isolated sites is desirable but highly challenging due to metal agglomeration and low surface stability of host materials. Here we report a general approach for synthesis of single-site Fe electrocatalysts by integrating a solvated Fe complex in conductive macroporous organic networks through redox-active coordination linkages. Electrochemical activation of the electrode exposes high-density coordinately unsaturated Fe sites for efficient adsorption and conversion of reaction substrates such as NO and HO.

Charge Photoaccumulation in Covalent Polymer Networks for Boosting Photocatalytic Nitrate Reduction to Ammonia.

In the design of photoelectrocatalytic cells, a key element is effective photogeneration of electron-hole pairs to drive redox activation of catalysts. Despite recent progress in photoelectrocatalysis, experimental realization of a high-performance photocathode for multi-electron reduction of chemicals, such as nitrate reduction to ammonia, has remained a challenge due to difficulty in obtaining efficient electrode configurations for extraction of high-throughput electrons from absorbed photons. This work describes a new design for catalytic photoelectrodes using chromophore assembly-functionalized covalent networks for boosting eight-electron reduction of nitrate to ammonia.

Defective prelamin A processing promotes unconventional necroptosis driven by nuclear RIPK1.

Defects in the prelamin A processing enzyme caused by loss-of-function mutations in the ZMPSTE24 gene are responsible for a spectrum of progeroid disorders characterized by the accumulation of farnesylated prelamin A. Here we report that defective prelamin A processing triggers nuclear RIPK1-dependent signalling that leads to necroptosis and inflammation. We show that accumulated prelamin A recruits RIPK1 to the nucleus to facilitate its activation upon tumour necrosis factor stimulation in ZMPSTE24-deficient cells.

PARP5A and RNF146 phase separation restrains RIPK1-dependent necroptosis.

Phase separation is a vital mechanism that mediates the formation of biomolecular condensates and their functions. Necroptosis is a lytic form of programmed cell death mediated by RIPK1, RIPK3, and MLKL downstream of TNFR1 and has been implicated in mediating many human diseases. However, whether necroptosis is regulated by phase separation is not yet known.

Reduction of DHHC5-mediated beclin 1 S-palmitoylation underlies autophagy decline in aging.

Autophagy is a lysosome-dependent degradation pathway essential for cellular homeostasis, which decreases with age. However, it is unclear how aging induces autophagy decline. Here we show the role of protein S-palmitoylation in autophagy.

Mechanism of Cr(VI) removal by efficient Cr(VI)-resistant Bacillus mobilis CR3.

Cr(VI) is a hazardous environmental pollutant that poses significant risks to ecosystems and human health. We successfully isolated a novel strain of Bacillus mobilis, strain CR3, from Cr(VI)-contaminated soil. Strain CR3 showed 86.

Molecular Self-Assembly in Conductive Covalent Networks for Selective Nitrate Electroreduction to Ammonia.

Electrochemical nitrate (NO) reduction in aqueous media provides a useful approach for ammonia (NH) synthesis. While efforts are focused on developing catalysts, the local microenvironment surrounding the catalyst centers is of great importance for controlling electrocatalytic performance. Here, we demonstrate that a self-assembled molecular iron catalyst integrated in a free-standing conductive hydrogel is capable of selective production of NH from NO at efficiencies approaching unity.

Small molecule activators of TAK1 promotes its activity-dependent ubiquitination and TRAIL-mediated tumor cell death.

TAK1 is a key modulator of both NF-κB signaling and RIPK1. In TNF signaling pathway, activation of TAK1 directly mediates the phosphorylation of IKK complex and RIPK1. In a search for small molecule activators of RIPK1-mediated necroptosis, we found R406/R788, two small molecule analogs that could promote sustained activation of TAK1.

Exploring the mechanism of enhanced Cr(VI) removal by Lysinibacillus cavernae microcapsules loaded with synthetic nano-hydroxyapatite.

In this study, nano-scale hydroxyapatite (HAP) powder was successfully synthesized from waste eggshells and combined with Lysinibacillus cavernae CR-2 to form bio-microcapsules, which facilitated the enhanced removal of Cr(VI) from wastewater. The effects of various parameters, such as bio-microcapsule dosage, HAP dosage, and initial Cr(VI) concentration on Cr(VI) removal, were investigated. Under different treatment conditions, the Cr(VI) removal followed the order of LC@HAP (90.

Effect of amino acids on biomineralization of lead ions by Aspergillus niger.

This study investigates the biomineralization of lead ions by Aspergillus niger from aqueous environments, focusing on the dynamic effects of fungal metabolism and biological components. Three biomolecules (glutamate, methionine, and lysine) were used to induce lead oxalate mineralization under lead stress. Comparative experiments were conducted to analyze the growth characteristics and Pb (II) removal ability of A.

ARIH1 activates STING-mediated T-cell activation and sensitizes tumors to immune checkpoint blockade.

Despite advances in cancer treatment, immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) only achieves complete response in some patients, illustrating the need to identify resistance mechanisms. Using an ICB-insensitive tumor model, here we discover cisplatin enhances the anti-tumor effect of PD-L1 blockade and upregulates the expression of Ariadne RBR E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase 1 (ARIH1) in tumors. Arih1 overexpression promotes cytotoxic T cell infiltration, inhibits tumor growth, and potentiates PD-L1 blockade.

An urgent health problem of indoor air pollution: results from a 15-years carbon monoxide poisoning observed study in Jinan City.

Carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning is a public health concern in developing countries especially in China with a high disease burden. We aimed to focus on non-occupational CO poisoning caused by household coal heating secular trends based on registry data in Jinan, China, and we aim to provide further evidence and suggestions for public health policy. We analyzed the occurrence and development trend and assess the spatial-temporal epidemiological characteristics of non-occupational CO poisoning caused by household coal heating in Jinan between 2007 and 2021.