A case of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura induced by acute hepatitis E and successfully controlled by lymphoplasmapheresis plus rituximab.

Background: Thrombocytopenia is a common extrahepatic manifestation of hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection and is usually transient and self-limited. Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a rare and lethal blood disorder characterized by microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, severe thrombocytopenia, and organ involvement. The link between HEV infection and TTP is still unclear.

Efficacy of Rituximab for Minimal Change Disease and Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis with Frequently Relapsing or Steroid-Dependent Nephrotic Syndrome in Adults: A Chinese Multicenter Retrospective Study.

Introduction: Rituximab has been proven effective and safe in pediatric patients with frequently relapsing or steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome (FR/SDNS). We aimed to analyze the efficacy and safety of rituximab in adult FR/SDNS patients with minimal change disease (MCD) and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS).

Methods: A retrospective cohort study at three nephrology centers in China included adult FR/SDNS patients with biopsy-proven MCD or FSGS.

TRPM2 protects against cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury and mitochondrial dysfunction via modulating autophagy.

Cisplatin is a widely used anti-tumor agent but its use is frequently limited by nephrotoxicity. Transient receptor potential melastatin 2 (TRPM2) is a non-selective cation channel which is generally viewed as a sensor of oxidative stress, and increasing evidence supports its link with autophagy, a critical process for organelle homeostasis. Cisplatin-induced cell injury and mitochondrial damage were both assessed in WT and knockout mice and primary cells.

STING promotes ferroptosis through NCOA4-dependent ferritinophagy in acute kidney injury.

Ferroptosis in tubules has been implicated in the pathogenesis of acute kidney injury (AKI), whereas the regulatory mechanism remains unclear. The stimulator of interferon genes (STING) is previously recognized as a critical mediator of innate immunity via a DNA-sensing pathway and has been increasingly linked to lipid peroxidation, a hallmark of ferroptosis. Herein we investigated the role and the underlying mechanism of STING in AKI models established by ischemia/reperfusion (IR) in C57BL mice.

Mitophagy induced by UMI-77 preserves mitochondrial fitness in renal tubular epithelial cells and alleviates renal fibrosis.

Renal fibrosis is the final common outcome of chronic kidney disease (CKD), which remains a huge challenge due to a lack of targeted treatment. Growing evidence suggests that during the process of CKD, the integrity and function of mitochondria in renal tubular epithelial cells (TECs) are generally impaired and strongly connected with the progression of renal fibrosis. Mitophagy, a selective form of autophagy, could remove aberrant mitochondria to maintain mitochondrial homeostasis.

Mannose-binding lectin activates the nuclear factor-κB and renal inflammation in the progression of diabetic nephropathy.

Increased serum mannose-binding lectin (MBL) level has been proven to correlate with the development of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Here, we aim to find the role and mechanism of MBL involved in the progression of DN. Patients with DN were recruited and divided into two groups according to different rs1800450 genotypes of the MBL2 gene, and inflammatory profiles in monocytes/macrophages were compared between the two groups.

The gut microbiome in microscopic polyangiitis with kidney involvement: common and unique alterations, clinical association and values for disease diagnosis and outcome prediction.

Background: Microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by frequent kidney involvement. Imbalance of intestinal flora has been found implicated in multiple immune-mediated disorders. However, the profiling and the role of the gut microbiome in MPA remains unclear.

Mitochondrial DNA-Mediated Inflammation in Acute Kidney Injury and Chronic Kidney Disease.

The integrity and function of mitochondria are essential for normal kidney physiology. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) has been widely a concern in recent years because its abnormalities may result in disruption of aerobic respiration, cellular dysfunction, and even cell death. Particularly, aberrant mtDNA copy number (mtDNA-CN) is associated with the development of acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease, and urinary mtDNA-CN shows the potential to be a promising indicator for clinical diagnosis and evaluation of kidney function.

The Clinicopathologic Characteristics and Complement Activation of Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-associated Vasculitides With Glomerular IgA Deposition.

The renal injury caused by antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitides (AAV) are characterized by few or no immune deposits in glomerulus. A growing number of AAV patients with glomerular immunoglobulin (Ig)A deposits have been reported. We retrospectively investigated all AAV patients with glomerular IgA deposits diagnosed in our center.

Clinical and pathological features of patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitides concomitant with IgG4-related disease.

Aim: The characteristics and the pathogenesis of the concomitant antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitides (AAV) and immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) have not been elucidated.

Method: We included 92 AAV patients with renal biopsy results. Among them, 10 patients met both AAV and IgG4-RD criteria (concomitant group).

The impact of intravenous methylprednisolone pulses on renal survival in anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody associated vasculitis with severe renal injury patients: a retrospective study.

Background: High-dose methylprednisolone pulses were one of the main treatments for anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody (ANCA) associated vasculitides (AAV) but had obvious side effects. We aimed to know the impact on renal survival and identify the prognostic factors of this treatment in Chinese AAV patients with severe renal involvement.

Methods: One hundred and eleven AAV patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 10ml/min/1.

Tranexamic acid decreases blood loss in shoulder arthroplasty: A meta-analysis.

Background: The objective of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of tranexamic acid (TXA) in shoulder arthroplasty (SA).

Methods: Academic articles were identified from the Cochrane Library, Medline (1966-2017.2), PubMed (1966-2017.

Cross-linked versus conventional polyethylene for total knee arthroplasty: a meta-analysis.

Background: Highly cross-linked polyethylene (HXLPE) has been reported as an effective material for decreasing polyethylene wear and osteolysis in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Because no single study to date has been large enough to definitively determine the benefit of HXLPE in TKA, we conducted a meta-analysis to pool the results from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-RCTs to make such a determination.

Methods: Potential candidate articles were identified by searching the Cochrane Library, Medline (1966-2015.

[Treatment of tibiofibular syndesmosis together with ankle fracture using cortical screw].

Objective: To investigate the clinical experiment of cortical screw in the treatment of tibiofibular syndesmosis separation together with ankle fractures.

Methods: From March 2008 to May 2012,42 patients with tibiofibular syndesmosis separation were treated with cortical screw, including 20 cases in the left and 24 cases in the right. All the patients had closed injury.

The biomechanical effects of osteoporosis vertebral augmentation with cancellous bone granules or bone cement on treated and adjacent non-treated vertebral bodies: a finite element evaluation.

Background: In order to reduce the complications of bone cement, many efforts are underway to replace bone cement augmentation with cancellous bone granule augmentation for treating compression fractures of osteoporotic vertebral bodies. The goal of this study was to investigate the biomechanical effects of cancellous bone granule augmentation of Optimesh and polymethylmethacrylate augmentation of kyphoplasty on treated and adjacent non-treated vertebral bodies.

Methods: Three-dimensional, anatomically detailed finite element models of the L1-L2 functional spinal unit were developed on the basis of cadaver computed tomography scans.

[Comparison of accuracy of pedicle screw placement in the thoracic spine using funnel technique and free hand technique].

Objective: To study the accuracy the pedicle screw placement in the thoracic spine using funnel technique and free hand technique.

Methods: Eight cadavers including 5 males and 3 females were analysed. The age ranged from 57 to 82 years (mean 68 years).