Gga-miR-34b-3p targets calbindin 1 to regulate cellular calcium ion homeostasis during eggshell calcification in chicken uterus.

Improving eggshell quality in poultry is a key breeding goal, and identifying genetic markers that regulate eggshell calcification is essential for accelerating genetic advancements. This study focused on identifying the keys genes and molecular mechanisms that regulate eggshell calcification in the chicken uterus. The results showed that rapid eggshell mineralization began approximately 4 h after the egg enters the uterus, corresponding with observed morphological and histological changes in the uterine tissue.

Comparative transcriptomic analysis revealed potential mechanisms regulating the hypertrophy of goose pectoral muscles.

Pectoral muscle development is an important economic trait. According to the different essence, muscle development can be divided into 2 processes: embryonic muscle fiber generation and postnatal muscle fiber hypertrophy, and postnatal muscle fiber hypertrophy has a greater impact on muscle development than the number of muscle fibers formed during the embryonic phase in poultry. However, the underlying mechanisms regulating the hypertrophy of goose pectoral muscles have not been elucidated.

Integrative metabolomics and transcriptomics analysis revealed specific genes and metabolites affecting meat quality of chickens under different rearing systems.

Different rearing systems have varying effect on animal welfare and meat quality of poultry. Currently, there are no established standards for the rearing systems of Chinese indigenous chickens. Our study aimed to investigate the effects of different rearing systems on the meat quality, gene profiles, and metabolites of Chinese indigenous chickens (Nanchuan chicken).

Whole transcriptome analysis revealed the regulatory network and related pathways of non-coding RNA regulating ovarian atrophy in broody hens.

Poultry broodiness can cause ovarian atresia, which has a detrimental impact on egg production. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have become one of the most talked-about topics in life sciences because of the increasing evidence of their novel biological roles in regulatory systems. However, the molecular mechanisms of ncRNAs functions and processes in chicken ovarian development remain largely unknown.

Comparative transcriptomics analysis identifies crucial genes and pathways during goose spleen development.

As the largest peripheral lymphoid organ in poultry, the spleen plays an essential role in regulating the body's immune capacity. However, compared with chickens and ducks, information about the age- and breed-related changes in the goose spleen remains scarce. In this study, we systematically analyzed and compared the age-dependent changes in the morphological, histological, and transcriptomic characteristics between Landes goose (LG; ) and Sichuan White goose (SWG; ).

Effects and Mechanisms of Cage versus Floor Rearing System on Goose Growth Performance and Immune Status.

Currently, FRS and CRS are the two predominant dryland rearing systems in the goose industry. However, the effects of these two systems on goose growth performance and health, as well as the underlying mechanisms, have not been fully clarified. Thus, this study aimed to compare growth performance and immune status, as well as investigate the genome-wide transcriptomic profiles of spleen in geese, between CRS and FRS at 270 d of age.

Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals mechanisms of restriction feeding on lipid metabolism in ducks.

Presently, excessive fat deposition is the main reason to limit the development of duck industry. In the production, the methods of restricted feeding (RF) were widely used to reduce the lipid deposition of ducks. The liver (L), abdominal adipose (AA), and subcutaneous adipose (SA) were the main tissues of lipid metabolism and deposition of ducks.

Research Note: Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis reveals potential candidate genes and regulatory pathways associated with egg weight in ducks.

Egg weight is an important indicator of egg phenotypic traits, which directly affects the economic benefits of the poultry industry. In the present research, laying ducks were classified into high egg weight (HEW) and light egg weight (LEW) groups. To reveal the underlying mechanism that may be responsible for the egg weight difference, the integrated analysis of transcriptomes and serum metabolomics was performed between the two groups.

Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Provided a New Insight into the Molecular Mechanisms of Epididymis Regulating Semen Volume in Drakes.

Semen volume is an important factor in artificial insemination (AI) of ducks. In drakes, seminal plasma that is produced by the epididymis determines the semen volume. However, the mechanism of epididymis regulating semen volume of drakes remains unclear.

A comparative proteomic study of high and low semen quality seminal plasma in drakes.

Semen quality is the most important indicator in evaluating drake fecundity. At present, the low semen quality has become a major factor restricting the development of artificial insemination (AI) technology in ducks. Numerous studies have indicated that seminal plasma proteins play a crucial role in semen quality, but the mechanism of seminal plasma proteins regulating semen quality of drakes remains unclear.

Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Provides Novel Insights into the Effect of Lipid Metabolism on Laying of Geese.

The lower egg production of geese (20~60 eggs per year) compared with chicken and duck limits the development of the industry, while the yolk weight and fatty liver susceptibility of geese was higher than that of other poultry. Therefore, the relationship between lipid metabolism and the laying performance of geese remains to be explored. Phenotypically, we observed that the liver fat content of the high-, low-, and no-egg production groups decreased in turn, while the abdominal fat weight increased in turn.

Effects of cage versus floor rearing system on goose intestinal histomorphology and cecal microbial composition.

Due to the demand for modern goose production and the pressure of environmental protection, the rearing systems of geese are changing from traditional waterside rearing to intensive rearing systems such as floor rearing (FR) and cage rearing (CR) systems. However, little is known about the effects of different rearing systems on goose intestinal functions and cecal microbial composition. Therefore, this study aimed to compare intestinal histomorphology and cecal microbial composition differences in geese reared under CR and FR at 270 d of age.

Comparative transcriptome analysis identifies crucial candidate genes and pathways in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis during external genitalia development of male geese.

Background: All birds reproduce via internal fertilization, but only ~3% of male birds possess the external genitalia that allows for intromission. Waterfowl (e.g.

Identification of polymorphic loci in the deiodinase 2 gene and their associations with head dimensions in geese.

Objective: This study was conducted to clone and compare the molecular characteristics of the deiodinase 2 (DIO2) gene between Sichuan White geese and Landes geese, and to analyze the association between polymorphisms of the DIO2 gene and head dimensions in Tianfu meat geese.

Methods: The coding sequence of the DIO2 gene was cloned by polymerase chain reaction and vector ligation and aligned by DNAMAN software. A total of 350 Tianfu meat geese were used to genotype the polymorphisms of the DIO2 gene and measure the head dimensions.

Oestrogen promotes lipids transportation through oestrogen receptor α in hepatic steatosis of geese in vitro.

Evidence has shown that oestrogen suppresses lipids deposition in the liver of mammals. However, the molecular mechanism of oestrogen action in hepatic steatosis of geese liver has yet to be determined. This study aimed to investigate the effect of oestrogen on lipid homeostasis at different states of geese hepatocytes in vitro.

Role of stearyl-coenzyme A desaturase 1 in mediating the effects of palmitic acid on endoplasmic reticulum stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in goose primary hepatocytes.

Objective: Unlike mammals, goose fatty liver shows a strong tolerance to fatty acids without obvious injury. Stearyl-coenzyme A desaturase 1 (SCD1) serves crucial role in desaturation of saturated fatty acids (SAFs), but its role in the SAFs tolerance of goose hepatocytes has not been reported. This study was conducted to explore the role of SCD1 in regulating palmitic acid (PA) tolerance of goose primary hepatocytes.