Cytotoxicity of aggregated fullerene C60 particles on CHO and MDCK cells.

The cytotoxicity of fullerene C60 particles on two mammalian cell lines, i.e. the Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells and the Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells, has been investigated.

Purification of densonucleosis virus by tangential flow ultrafiltration.

Purification at commercial scale of viruses and virus vectors for gene therapy applications and viral vaccines is a major separations challenge. Tangential flow ultrafiltration has been developed for protein purification. Here tangential flow ultrafiltration of parvoviruses has been investigated.

Binding Aedes aegypti densonucleosis virus to ion exchange membranes.

Experimental and numerical results for binding Aedes aegypti densonucleosis virus (AeDNV) using anion and cation exchange membranes are presented. AeDNV particles are adsorbed by anion and cation exchange membranes providing the virus particles and membranes are oppositely charged. Q membranes which are strongly basic anion exchangers were the most effective.

Murine leukemia virus clearance by flocculation and microfiltration.

Clearance of murine leukemia virus from CHO cell suspensions by flocculation and microfiltration was investigated. Murine leukemia virus is a retrovirus that is recommended by the U.S.

Modeling centrifugal cell washers using computational fluid dynamics.

Reinfusion of shed blood during surgery could avoid the need for blood transfusions. Prior to reinfusion of the red blood cells, the shed blood must be washed in order to remove leukocytes, platelets, and other contaminants. Further, the hematocrit of the washed blood must be increased.

Densonucleosis virus purification by ion exchange membranes.

Preparative chromatography is widely used in the downstream purification of biopharmaceutical products. Replacement of resins by membranes as chromatographic supports, overcomes many of the limitations associated with resin-based chromatography such as high-pressure drops, slow processing rates due to pore diffusion and channeling of the feed through the bed. In particular, adsorptive membranes may be ideally suited for virus capture.

Population balance approach to modeling hairy root growth.

Though numerous models have been developed to describe the growth of microbial cell cultures, far fewer models are available to describe the growth of hairy root cultures. Here a population balance model is proposed to simulate the growth of hairy roots. The model accounts for the increase in biomass due to elongation of a branch by cell division as well as the formation of new branches.

Clearance of minute virus of mice by flocculation and microfiltration.

Clearance of minute virus of mice (MVM) from CHO cell suspensions by flocculation and microfiltration has been investigated. MVM is a parvovirus that is recommended by the U.S.

CFD simulation of centrifugal cells washers.

The feasibility of using computational fluid dynamics to guide the design of better centrifuges for processing shed blood is explored here. The velocity field and the rate of protein removal from the shed blood have been studied. The results indicate that computational fluid dynamics could help screen preliminary centrifuge bowl designs thus reducing the number of initial experimental tests required when developing new centrifuge bowls.

Cyanide removal from wastewater using gas membranes: pilot-scale study.

Results are presented for the removal of cyanide from four different wastewaters using hollow-fiber gas membranes. The pilot-scale membrane facility had a maximum treatment capacity of 1000 L using 10 hollow-fiber modules with a total membrane surface area of 180 m2. The results are in general agreement with previous laboratory-scale studies.

Designing blood oxygenators.

Extracorporeal blood oxygenators are used to provide cardiopulmonary support during open heart surgery. In the study reported here, mass transfer correlations were determined for commercially available blood oxygenators. Two configurations used commercially, flow outside and across bundles of hollow fibers and flow in thin channels between parallel flat sheet membranes, were investigated.

Model-independent relationships between hematocrit, blood viscosity, and yield stress derived from Couette viscometry data.

This paper describes a procedure, based on Tikhonov regularization, for obtaining the shear rate function or equivalently the viscosity function of blood from Couette viscometry data. For data sets that include points where the sample in the annulus is partially sheared the yield stress of blood will also be obtained. For data sets that do not contain partially sheared points, provided the shear stress is sufficiently low, a different method of estimating the yield stress is proposed.

Obtaining the shear stress versus shear rate relationship and yield stress of blood from capillary viscometry data by Tikhonov regularization.

This paper describes a procedure, based on Tikhonov regularization, for extracting the shear stress versus shear rate relationship and yield stress of blood from capillary viscometry data. The relevant equations and the mathematical nature of the problem are briefly described. The procedure is then applied to three sets of capillary viscometry data of blood taken from the literature.

Mass transfer in blood oxygenators using blood analogue fluids.

Mass transfer correlations for hollow fiber blood oxygenators have been determined experimentally using Newtonian and non-Newtonian blood analogue fluids. The Newtonian fluids consisted of deionized water and glycerol/water mixtures. The non-Newtonian fluids were prepared by adding small amounts of xanthan gum to the Newtonian blood analogue fluids.