Plastome-based subgenus-level phylogenetic backbone of hawthorns: insights into the maternal position and taxonomic synopsis of (Rosaceae, Maleae).

The recent recognition of the five-subgenera classification within has prompted discussion about the maternal phylogenetic relationships among these subgenera, with inconsistencies in taxon sampling, marker selection, and inference methods contributing to differing interpretations. In this study, we performed deep genome skimming sequencing and assembled 63 whole plastomes, including 58 from and five from related genera as the outgroups. We employed multiple phylogenetic inference methods (Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian Inference) to reconstruct an accurate phylogeny.

Evaluating the effect of different recycling frequencies on marinade quality, characteristics, and volatile constituents.

The quality of marinade is closely related to its recycling frequency, and affects the flavor and quality of leisure dried tofu. The changes in physicochemical parameters, oxidation indicators, and volatile constituents of marinade under different recycling frequencies (0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15) were systematically investigated in this work. The results showed that the levels of amino acid nitrogen, viscosity, soluble solids, and salinity in the marinade were significantly increased with recycling frequency.

A glucose-enriched lung pre-metastatic niche triggered by matrix stiffness-tuned exosomal miRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Apart from the classic features, it is almost unknown whether there exist other new pathological features during pre-metastatic niche formation in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Our previous works have highlighted the contribution of increased matrix stiffness to lung pre-metastatic niche formation and metastasis in HCC. However, whether increased matrix stiffness influences glucose metabolism and supply of lung pre-metastatic niche remains largely unclear.

Green biosynthesis of carbon quantum dots from lotus seed plumules for folic acid detection and bioimaging applications.

This study introduces a novel green hydrothermal synthesis approach using lotus seed plumules to prepare carbon quantum dots (L-CQDs) and systematically evaluates their potential applications in folic acid (FA) detection and bioimaging. L-CQDs, enriched with phytochemical constituents such as alkaloids and flavonoids, exhibit superior optical properties, biocompatibility, and low toxicity. For FA detection, L-CQDs demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity, achieving a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.

Machine learning-based plasma metabolomics for improved cirrhosis risk stratification.

Background: Cirrhosis is a leading cause of mortality in patients with chronic liver disease (CLD). The rapid development of metabolomic technologies has enabled the capture of metabolic changes related to the progression of cirrhosis.

Methods: This study used proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1 H-NMR) serum metabolomics data from the UK Biobank (UKB) and employed elastic net-regularized Cox proportional hazards models to explore the role of metabolomics in cirrhosis risk stratification in patients with CLD.

Spatial deconvolution from bulk DNA methylation profiles determines intratumoral epigenetic heterogeneity.

Background: Intratumoral heterogeneity emerges from accumulating genetic and epigenetic changes during tumorigenesis, which may contribute to therapeutic failure and drug resistance. However, the lack of a quick and convenient approach to determine the intratumoral epigenetic heterogeneity (eITH) limit the application of eITH in clinical settings. Here, we aimed to develop a tool that can evaluate the eITH using the DNA methylation profiles from bulk tumors.

Discovery of Rezatapopt (PC14586), a First-in-Class, Small-Molecule Reactivator of p53 Y220C Mutant in Development.

p53 is a potent transcription factor that is crucial in regulating cellular responses to stress. Mutations in the gene are found in >50% of human cancers, predominantly occurring in the DNA-binding domain (amino acids 94-292). The Y220C mutation accounts for 1.

Unraveling the drivers of optimal stomatal behavior in global C plants: A carbon isotope perspective.

Understanding the drivers of stomatal behavior is critical for modeling terrestrial carbon cycle and water balance. The unified stomatal optimization (USO) model provides a mechanistic linkage between stomatal conductance (g) and photosynthesis (A), with its slope parameter (g) inversely related to intrinsic water use efficiency (iWUE), providing a key proxy to characterize the differences in iWUE and stomatal behavior. While many studies have identified multiple environmental factors influencing g, the potential role of evolutionary history in shaping g remains incompletely understood.

FMT and TCM to treat diarrhoeal irritable bowel syndrome with induced spleen deficiency syndrome- microbiomic and metabolomic insights.

Background: Diarrheal irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) is a functional bowel disease with diarrhea, and can be associated with common spleen deficiency syndrome of the prevelent traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) could help treating IBS-D, but may provide variable effects. Our study evaluated the efficacy of TCM- shenling Baizhu decoction and FMT in treating IBS-D with spleen deficiency syndrome, with significant implications on gut microbiome and serum metabolites.

π-extended pyrenes: from an antiaromatic buckybowl to doubly curved nanocarbons with gulf architectures.

The synthesis of π-extended pyrenes keeps attracting considerable attention. In particular, frameworks containing nonbenzenoid rings might display intriguing properties. Here, we report a practical synthetic pathway to access a new buckybowl (1), which is composed of four five-membered rings externally fused to a pyrene core.

Surface Charge Regulation of Graphene by Fluorine and Chlorine Co-Doping for Constructing Ultra-Stable and Large Energy Density Micro-Supercapacitors.

Settling the structure stacking of graphene (G) nanosheets to maintain the high dispersity has been an intense issue to facilitate their practical application in the microelectronics-related devices. Herein, the co-doping of the highest electronegative fluorine (F) and large atomic radius chlorine (Cl) into G via a one-step electrochemical exfoliation protocol is engineered to actualize the ultralong cycling stability for flexible micro-supercapacitors (MSCs). Density functional theoretical calculations unveiled that the F into G can form the "ionic" C─F bond to increase the repulsive force between nanosheets, and the introduction of Cl can enlarge the layer spacing of G as well as increase active sites by accumulating the charge on pore defects.

Lung and bone metastases patterns in Ewing sarcoma: Chemotherapy improves overall survival.

Ewing sarcoma (ES) is a small round cell malignancy, mainly in the bone tissue, followed by the soft tissue. Lung metastases (LM) and bone metastases (BM) are the most common types of metastases. From 2010 to 2018, the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database diagnosed 242 cases of ES with LM, 186 cases of ES with BM, and 74 cases of ES with LM and BM.

New evidence supports the prophage origin of RcGTA.

Gene transfer agents (GTAs) are phage-like entities that package and transfer random host genome fragments between prokaryotes. RcGTA, produced by , is hypothesized to originate from a prophage ancestor. Most of the evidence supporting this hypothesis came from the finding of RcGTA-like genes in phages.

Transmission dynamics of tuberculosis in a high-burden area of China: An 8-year population-based study using whole genome sequencing.

Objectives: This study investigated the transmission patterns of tuberculosis (TB) and its associated risk factors in Hunan province to inform the development of prevention and control strategies in the region.

Methods: An 8-year retrospective population-based genomic epidemiological study was conducted. Genomic clusters were defined using distance thresholds of 12-single-nucletide-polymorphisms.

A cuproptosis-related lncRNAs signature predicts prognosis and reveals pivotal interactions between immune cells in colon cancer.

Copper-mediated cell death presents distinct pathways from established apoptosis processes, suggesting alternative therapeutic approaches for colon cancer. Our research aims to develop a predictive framework utilizing long-noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) related to cuproptosis to predict colon cancer outcomes while examining immune interactions and intercellular signaling. We obtained colon cancer-related human mRNA expression profiles and clinical information from the Cancer Genome Atlas repository.

SMARCA4-deficient undifferentiated tumor with high quality of life and far exceeding predicted survival: A case report.

Rationale: SMARCA4-deficient undifferentiated tumor (SMARCA4-UT) is a recently reported rare malignancy that can rapidly metastasize to tissues and organs throughout the body. The tumor is characterized by a lower response to platinum-based chemotherapy. More regrettably, the mean survival time of patients with this disease after diagnosis is only 4 to 7 months.

Analysis on epidemiological and drug resistance characteristics of lymph node tuberculosis from Hunan province, China.

Objectives: To investigate the clinical epidemiological and drug resistance (DR) characteristics of lymph node tuberculosis (LNTB) in Hunan Province which locates in South-central China, and to provide scientific clues for effective prevention and treatment of LNTB.

Methods: We retrospectively collected LNTB patients with culture positive at Hunan Chest Hospital, the biggest TB reference hospital in South-central China, from January 2013 to December 2021. The multiple demographic, clinical and drug susceptibility data of patients were collected from the hospital's electronic patient records.

Effects of Red and Blue Light on the Growth, Photosynthesis, and Subsequent Growth under Fluctuating Light of Cucumber Seedlings.

The effects of red and blue light on growth and steady-state photosynthesis have been widely studied, but there are few studies focusing on dynamic photosynthesis and the effects of LED pre-treatment on cucumber seedlings' growth, so in this study, cucumber ( L. cv. Jinyou 365) was chosen as the test material.

Simplified therapy for patients with penicillin allergy: a randomised controlled trial of vonoprazan-tetracycline dual therapy.

Background And Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of vonoprazan and tetracycline (VT) dual therapy as first-line treatment for infection in patients with penicillin allergy.

Methods: In this randomised controlled trial, treatment-naïve adults with infection and penicillin allergy were randomised 1:1 to receive either open-label VT dual therapy (vonoprazan 20 mg two times per day+tetracycline 500 mg three times a day) or bismuth quadruple therapy (BQT; lansoprazole 30 mg two times per day+colloidal bismuth 150 mg three times a day+tetracycline 500 mg three times a day+metronidazole 400 mg three times a day) for 14 days. The primary outcome was non-inferiority in eradication rates in the VT dual group compared with the BQT group.

Aptamer based hybrid monolithic pipette tips supported by melamine sponge for enrichment of proteins.

Background: The convenient preparation and application of functionalized organic-inorganic hybrid monolithic materials have obtained substantial interest in the pretreatment of complex samples by solid-phase extraction (SPE). Compared to the in-tube solid-phase microextraction in fused-silica capillaries, micro SPE in plastic pipette tips have fascinating merits for the easily operated enrichment of trace target analytes from biological samples. However, the poor compatibility of organic-inorganic hybrid monoliths with plastics leads to the rare appearance of commercial hybrid monolithic pipette tips (HMPTs).

Transcriptome analysis of Gossypium hirsutum cultivar Zhongzhimian No.2 uncovers the gene regulatory networks involved in defense against Verticillium dahliae.

Background: Cotton is globally important crop. Verticillium wilt (VW), caused by Verticillium dahliae, is the most destructive disease in cotton, reducing yield and fiber quality by over 50% of cotton acreage. Breeding resistant cotton cultivars has proven to be an efficient strategy for improving the resistance of cotton to V.